Deck 15: Families

Question 1

Dr. Phillips explains to his Sociology of Families class that the main tasks of the family are to create the situation where couples can have socially approved sexual relations and produce children whom they will socialize into cultural norms, cooperate economically, and provide each other with emotional support. What theory does Dr. Phillips subscribe to?

A) symbolic interactionism
B) conflict theory
C) functionalist theory
D) feminist theory

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Amarjit works part-time as a data-entry clerk at the company where her husband is a full-time computer programmer. They have two children. What kind of family is exemplified here?

A) the extended family
B) the matriarchal family
C) the nuclear family
D) the traditional nuclear family

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is the term used by some sociologists when describing the phenomenon of more surviving generations with fewer family members in each generation?

A) beanpole family
B) modern nuclear family
C) extended family
D) angular family

Answer 3

A

Question 4

According to functionalists, which family form is ideally suited to raise successive generations of appropriately socialized offspring?

A) the polygamous family
B) the nuclear family
C) the extended family
D) the patriarchal family

Question 5

Maria and Francesca, both artists who work from a home studio, do not believe in marriage but live together and have two children together. What kind of family is exemplified here?

A) a patriarchal family
B) a contemporary family
C) an extended family
D) a nuclear family

Question 6

If people worry that the family is in decline, what type of reform are they most likely to pressure government for?

A) stronger penalties for criminals and young offenders
B) changes to child tax and family allowance benefits
C) changes to divorce and abortion laws
D) a return to traditional education curriculum

Question 7

When textbook author Lance Roberts was growing up in an Edmonton suburb in the 1950s, what shattered the conformity of his beliefs about family life?

A) women working outside the home
B) unmarried couples living together
C) blended families
D) stay-at-home fathers

Question 8

Ram and Padma have saved enough money for a down payment on a large suburban home with a basement suite. It has enough room for their sons to both live comfortably with their wives and small children as well, and the family shares the household tasks and earned income equitably. What type of family does this scenario exemplify?

A) a nuclear family
B) a traditional nuclear family
C) an extended family
D) a polygamous family

Question 9

What do we call a married couple with children, where the husband works outside the home for pay while the wife works in the home, taking care of children and domestic responsibilities for no pay?

A) a nuclear family
B) a traditional nuclear family
C) an extended family
D) a matriarchal family

Question 10

Which of the following is responsible for creating a family structure that is verticalized?

A) increasing divorce rates and declining marriage rates
B) increasing life expectancies and decreasing fertility rates
C) increasing remarriage rates and decreasing birth rates
D) increasing common-law relationships and increasing child-free couples

Question 11

Reverend John Smith speaks passionately from the pulpit about moral decay, the evils of women neglecting their children, and the decline of the family, beseeching parishioners to teach their children about the urgency of protecting the family as they know it. What kind of family is John Smith almost certainly speaking about?

A) the nuclear family
B) the traditional nuclear family
C) the extended family
D) the traditional extended family

Question 12

According to the textbook, what percentage of victims of police-reported violent crime in Canada in 2014 were attacked by an immediate or extended family member?

A) 15 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 35 percent
D) 45 percent

Question 13

Theodore works as a mechanic, while his wife Francine stays at home with their three children. What type of family is exemplified here?

A) the extended family
B) the matriarchal family
C) the nuclear family
D) the traditional nuclear family

Question 14

Ashley is excitedly planning her wedding, but the details are complicated. She's struggling with the decision of who should walk her down the aisle-her dad, or her step-father who has raised her since she was nine years old. What is Ashley experiencing?

A) a moral quandary
B) a linear family
C) family boundary ambiguities
D) a verticalization of family structure

Question 15

Kyle and Ashley are married with one child, and both work full-time at a medical practice they share with three other doctors. What type of family is exemplified here?

A) the nuclear family
B) the traditional nuclear family
C) the extended family
D) the patriarchal family

Question 16

Marta has recently immigrated to Canada along with her parents and her young son. They share a house and she and her father work as janitors, while her mother takes care of Marta's son. This arrangement exemplifies which type of family?

A) a nuclear family
B) a traditional nuclear family
C) an extended family
D) a polyandrous family

Question 17

What do we call a dual-income couple who cohabit together, have a socially approved sexual relationship, and have at least one child?

A) a nuclear family
B) a traditional nuclear family
C) an extended family
D) a patriarchal family

Question 18

According to the textbook's analysis of family sitcoms on television from the 1950s to today, what is the main conclusion?

A) TV families today are increasingly unhappy.
B) TV families today are more diverse.
C) TV families today are smaller.
D) TV families today are more engaged in activities outside the home.

Question 19

Peter is working on an assignment that requires him to compare television family sitcoms from the 1950s to those of today. Which of the following would Peter most likely include in his report?

A) The traditional nuclear family is becoming more prevalent in television shows.
B) Present-day family sitcoms predominantly depict the disappearance of the family as an institution.
C) Age, ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, and marital status have become near-constants rather than variables.
D) Rather than being near-constants, age, ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, and marital status have become variables.

Question 20

Paul lives in British Columbia in a small farming community where all of the men of marriageable age are encouraged to take more than one wife and produce as many offspring as God sees fit to bless them with. What type of family has Paul been encouraged to form?

A) a nuclear family
B) a traditional nuclear family
C) an extended family
D) a polygamous family

Question 21

What was concluded to be the most effective unit of social organization for foraging societies?

A) the nuclear family
B) the extended family
C) the band
D) the married couple

Question 22

George Murdock stated that the nuclear family in 250 societies is founded on a "socially approved, long-term sexual and economic relationship between a man and a woman." What was he referring to?

A) marriage
B) cohabitation
C) kinship ties
D) bi-lateral descent

Question 23

Lisbet has done a lot of research and argues with her classmates that gender inequality predates capitalism. Which theoretical perspective are her views in line with?

A) functionalism
B) Marxism
C) feminism
D) postmodernism

Question 24

In 2009, Winston Blackmore of Bountiful, British Columbia was charged with polygamy. Which of the following would be produced in court as evidence for the charge?

A) his connections to the Mormon Church in Utah
B) his more than 120 children
C) his 15 wives
D) his 5 ex-wives

Question 25

Friedrich Engels maintained that once men began to build up a concentration of wealth, they became concerned with how to pass that wealth on to their legitimate sons. What did Engels believe to be the only way men could safely pass their wealth on to their sons?

A) by allowing women equal rights at work
B) by controlling their wives sexually and economically
C) by creating egalitarian families
D) by shifting from capitalist to socialist economies

Question 26

What happened with marriage rates and age at first marriage during the post-World War II years?

A) They began a long-term upward trend.
B) They began a long-term downward trend
C) They experienced a short-term interruption of previous trends.
D) They experienced a continuing downward trend.

Question 27

Which of the following couples is most likely to experience the highest egalitarian division of household duties?

A) Justin, a professor, and Lesley, who works out of the home doing data entry
B) Dana, a stay-at-home mom, and Stefan, a cab driver
C) Omar, a dentist, and Huma, a front-desk receptionist
D) Jason, a computer programmer, and Melanie, a policy analyst

Question 28

What is the main feature of a foraging society?

A) That they generally have a maximum of 1000 members.
B) That the band assumes responsibility for child socialization.
C) That the men produce approximately 80 percent of the food.
D) That the women have few privileges.

Question 29

All Tyler can think about is when he will finally meet the woman of his dreams so they can fall deeply in love, marry, and raise perfect children. According to the textbook, which Hollywood-fuelled desire is Tyler strongly exhibiting?

A) self-aggrandizement
B) self-promotion
C) self-awareness
D) self-gratification

Question 30

Wilbur, a staunch Marxist, agrees with Engels about how society must change to usher in gender equality. What does he believe must be eliminated in order to bring about this revolution?

A) religion
B) bureaucracy
C) private property
D) money

Question 31

Which two philosophies form the basis of the idea that marriage should be based on romantic love?

A) communism and egalitarianism
B) conservatism and familialism
C) traditionalism and collectivism
D) liberalism and individualism

Question 32

Rhonda argues that the traditional nuclear family has always been a site for gender conflict and social inequality. As a fan of Engels's work, what does she believe is the cure for these ills that oppress women?

A) a shift from capitalism to communism
B) a shift from a money economy to a bartering economy
C) a cultural shift where property is controlled by women
D) a cultural shift where men take on most domestic duties

Question 33

What happened with regard to fertility in Canada in the late 1950s?

A) it peaked
B) it dropped
C) it stabilized
D) it increased

Question 34

Trends in marriage, divorce, and childbearing in Canada show a gradual weakening of the nuclear family form in the second half of the 1800s until the mid-1940s, and then continued weakening after the 1950s. What does this phenomenon imply with regard to the immediate post-World War II period?

A) It is a radical change.
B) It is historically atypical.
C) It is cyclical.
D) It is conservative.

Question 35

In the immediate post-World War II period in Canada, employment and personal income reached an all-time high, as did home ownership. Which of the following also accompanied these developments?

A) a marriage boom
B) high rates of divorce
C) egalitarianism in marriage
D) a rise in extended families

Question 36

Mara dislikes family get-togethers because of Grandpa's nonstop comments such as "The ruination of this country was when women went out to work" or "A woman's place is in the home." What theoretical perspective is Grandpa arguing from?

A) Marxist-feminist
B) constructivist
C) functionalist
D) heterosexist

Question 37

What is polygamy?

A) a form of marriage where wives have more power than husbands
B) a form of marriage involving more than two spouses
C) marriage between two people who are related by blood
D) the practice in which every adult member of a tribe or village is considered a parent to every child in the tribe or village

Question 38

Marilyn and John have bought a beautiful house in the suburbs. While John works all day at an office in the city, Marilyn devotes herself to keeping the house and children scrubbed, preparing gourmet meals, wallpapering the den, ironing the household laundry, and reading books about how to keep her marriage functioning smoothly. What type of family is exemplified here?

A) the patriarchal family
B) the nuclear family
C) the matriarchal family
D) the traditional nuclear family

Question 39

According to the textbook, what percentage of married Canadian women were in the paid labour force in 1951?

A) 11 percent
B) 22 percent
C) 33 percent
D) 44 percent

Question 40

When did marriage rates peak in Canada?

A) 1940s
B) 1950s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s

Question 41

Following divorce, which of the following groups is most often responsible for paying child support?

A) custodial mothers
B) custodial fathers
C) non-custodial fathers
D) non-custodial mothers

Question 42

According to a study cited in the textbook, what percentage of young adults did not inform their parents of their first cohabiting relationship?

A) 5 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 15 percent
D) 20 percent

Question 43

When did the Canadian census first start collecting data on cohabitation?

A) 1981
B) 1991
C) 2001
D) 2011

Question 44

Elton and John were the first same-sex couple in the world to be legally married. In what year did they get married?

A) 1986
B) 1997
C) 2001
D) 2005

Question 45

In 2001, Mary Kate and Ashley were excitedly planning their marriage to each other. What country were they living in?

A) the United States
B) Canada
C) the Netherlands
D) Sweden

Question 46

According to the textbook, what percentage of Canadian women with children under the age of 16 are in paid employment?

A) less than 40 percent
B) about 50 percent
C) nearly 60 percent
D) approximately 70 percent

Question 47

In 2011, the federal government decided it would no longer calculate and publish annual marriage and divorce rates. What is the rationale behind this decision?

A) Rather than getting married, more couples were opting to live together.
B) Due to the increasing numbers of marriages and divorces, it became too laborious to track the data.
C) Canadians objected to their personal lives being tracked by government officials.
D) Researchers no longer required the data.

Question 48

What did the 2011 census record in regard to same-sex couple households in Canada?

A) Same-sex couple households are predominantly female.
B) Same-sex couple households account for less than 1 percent of Canadian couple households.
C) The majority of same-sex couple households have children.
D) More than 30 percent of same-sex couple households involve legal marriage.

Question 49

Which of the following married couples is the most likely to share domestic responsibilities equitably?

A) Bryan, who has an engineering degree, and Rhianna, who is a dentist
B) Jyoti, who has a college certificate, and Kash, who has a high-school diploma
C) Joanie and Byron, who have high-school diplomas
D) Ricky and Bernice, who have grade 7 and grade 9 educations

Question 50

What was the sole ground available for divorce with the 1985 amendment to the Canadian Divorce Act?

A) gross addiction
B) abandonment
C) marital breakdown
D) sexual deviance

Question 51

In nations with high levels of individualism, what is the essential basis for marriage?

A) sexual compatibility
B) high levels of attraction
C) love
D) social compatibility

Question 52

According to the textbook, which of the following social factors may be weakening as a predictor of divorce?

A) having grown up in a household without two continuously married parents
B) cohabitation before marriage
C) living in poverty
D) having had a previous marriage

Question 53

Which of the following couples would most likely be a zero-child family?

A) Bob, an auto mechanic, and his wife Melinda who is currently an unemployed physiotherapist
B) Robina, an x-ray technician, and her husband Raj who is a commission salesperson
C) Danielle, a veterinarian, and her chartered accountant husband Leo
D) Jake, a musician, and his wife Michelle who is a freelance writer

Question 54

What was a result of a change in federal divorce laws in the late 1960s and mid-1980s?

A) an increased divorce rate
B) a decreased divorce rate
C) a decreased marriage rate
D) an increased marriage rate

Question 55

While researching her family tree, Eleanor discovered that her great-grandmother who had lived in Toronto had divorced in 1926 and remarried in 1928. She was surprised since she was under the assumption that divorce was a relatively recent phenomenon. When she located the petition for divorce documents, what reason would be given?

A) marital breakdown
B) adultery
C) physical cruelty
D) irreconcilable differences

Question 56

What term is used to describe a sexual encounter that is spontaneous and unlikely to happen again?

A) sexual assault
B) hookup
C) sexual liaison
D) make-out session

Question 57

Which of the following situations would vertically extend Sarah's family?

A) Grandma moving in with Sarah and her parents
B) Sarah's father moving a second wife into the home
C) Sarah's mother marrying another man, in addition to being married to her dad
D) Sarah's aunt Denise and her two children moving in with Sarah and her parents

Question 58

According to the textbook, what percentage of married couples will end up divorced before their 30th wedding anniversary?

A) approximately 20 percent
B) approximately 30 percent
C) approximately 40 percent
D) approximately 50 percent

Question 59

Which of the following is NOT a definition of marital breakdown as outlined by the 1985 amendment to Canada's Divorce Act?

A) spouses living apart for one year
B) gross addiction to alcohol or other drugs
C) mental or physical cruelty
D) adultery by one of the spouses

Question 60

The Canadian divorce rate increased in the 1960s but stabilized in the 1990s and then began to decline. Why did the divorce rate fall?

A) couples were taking "till death do us part" more seriously
B) the ever-increasing cost of divorce became a prohibiting factor
C) the highly researched negative impact on children convinced couples to stay together "for the kids"
D) fewer Canadians were getting married

Question 61

In which of the following couples is the gender gap in domestic labour likely to be the smallest?

A) a male professor and his high-school-educated wife who stays at home
B) a female professor and her computer-programmer husband
C) a high-school-educated female cab driver and her security guard husband
D) a male auto mechanic and his stenographer wife

Question 62

Cole's grandfather has just moved in with his family. Now, in addition to his mother and step-father, he and his sister share their home with their newly widowed grandfather. What do sociologists call this kind of family arrangement?

A) a nuclear family
B) a polymorphous family
C) an extended family
D) an ambiguous family

Question 63

Calliope and George are excited because Calliope's sister has offered to be implanted with Calliope and George's frozen embryos and carry the baby to term, surrendering the baby to them after birth. What is this method of reproduction called?

A) parthenogenesis
B) artificial insemination
C) in vitro fertilization
D) surrogate motherhood

Question 64

According to Statistics Canada, what percentage of children under the age of 14 live in a step-parent family?

A) almost 10%
B) approximately 15%
C) almost 20%
D) more than 25%

Question 65

Based on cross-cultural research and past history, if the abortion laws in Canada were repealed, what would be the most likely outcome?

A) Women would stop having abortions.
B) Women would stop needing abortions.
C) Abortions would be carried out in secret, often dangerous circumstances.
D) More children would be given up for adoption.

Question 66

Bernadette was doing background research for a historical drama being produced for television. The production company wanted to make the show as historically accurate as possible, and the senior writer asked her to find out about marriages in medieval France. Which of the following would Bernadette tell her writing team was the dominant motivation for marriage for the characters in their program?

A) religious loyalties
B) economic benefits
C) romantic feelings
D) companionship needs

Question 67

Adam and Ashley have been together as a couple for over two years. They are in love and want to spend their lives together, possibly having children. Compared to couples in the same situation in 1981, which of the following is most likely to be true with respect to their decision to marry or live together in a common-law relationship?

A) They are two to three times as likely to choose to get married.
B) They are two to three times as likely to choose to live together.
C) They are slightly more likely to choose marriage.
D) They are slightly less likely to choose marriage.

Question 68

Looking back at their 35 years of marriage, Tony and Desiree agreed that there were certainly ups and downs as far as their marital satisfaction was concerned. Which of the following is most likely to accurately characterize the changes in their marital satisfaction?

A) it was highest after their two children left home
B) it was lowest when their two children left home
C) it peaked when their two children were first born
D) it peaked when their children were teenagers

Question 69

Simon is infertile, so he and his wife Lucy are using donor sperm to mix with Lucy's ova in a culture dish to create embryos that will then be transferred into Lucy's uterus. What is this method of reproduction called?

A) parthenogenesis
B) artificial insemination
C) in vitro fertilization
D) surrogate motherhood

Question 70

Sherene has no qualms about returning to work after the birth of her child Samuel since she is guaranteed a spot in a government-regulated, inexpensive, and high-quality daycare. Where do Sherene and Samuel live?

A) British Columbia
B) Alberta
C) Ontario
D) Québec

Question 71

Who spearheaded an abortion reform movement in the 1960s?

A) Dr. Robert Scott
B) Supreme Court Justice Bertha Wilson
C) Dr. Henry Morgentaler
D) feminist Betty Friedan

Question 72

According to the textbook, how many North American women aged 40-44 have never given birth?

A) 1 in 6
B) 1 in 5
C) 1 in 4
D) 1 in 3

Question 73

According to the research, which of the following children is the most likely to experience significant distress?

A) Jamie, whose parents are together and who fight viciously in front of him all the time
B) Sam, whose tense parents are planning to divorce and who keep their arguments confined to when he is not home
C) April, whose parents have been divorced since she was three and who never sees her father
D) Melody, whose parents recently divorced and have set up a schedule so that she sees each of them equally, and are both involved with her school

Question 74

According to the textbook, what has the existence of various reproductive technologies caused many people in society to rethink?

A) the nature of family and parenthood
B) the importance of children
C) the costs involved in childrearing
D) the importance of all-consuming careers

Question 75

According to the textbook, Canada has enough regulated daycare spaces for what amount of Canadian children under the age of six?

A) two-thirds
B) one-half
C) one-quarter
D) one-fifth

Question 76

According to the textbook, which of the following is NOT a social force that influences falling in love and subsequent marriage?

A) the resources brought to the marriage market
B) influence from families, ethnic communities, and religious institutions
C) influence from media
D) demographic variables

Question 77

Which of the following is NOT a true statement in reference to child support payments in Canada?

A) All Canadian provinces and territories have programs to prevent non-payment of child support.
B) Names and photos of child support payment defaulters are posted on government websites in some regions.
C) The problem of "deadbeat parents" remains a significant issue.
D) Payment of child support can be guaranteed by a court order.

Question 78

Leslie and Lisa are excited to be going to the clinic so that Leslie can have their gay friend's sperm inserted into her vaginal canal. What is this method of reproduction called?

A) parthenogenesis
B) artificial insemination
C) in vitro fertilization
D) surrogate motherhood

Question 79

Consider the textbook's discussion of "new property." Which of the following will be most helpful for Jeannette as she divorces Michael?

A) an extended health plan that includes therapy
B) half of the family furnishings and other assets
C) half of the family savings and pension contributions
D) a dental hygienist degree

Question 80

In what year was medical abortion approved as an alternative to surgical abortion in Canada?

A) 1969
B) 1993
C) 2002
D) 2015