Deck 18: Financial Markets

Question 1

The present discounted value of a future payment can be calculated using which of the following formulas?

A)[(1 + Interest rate) ^N] ÷ (Current payment).
B)(Current payment) ÷ [(1 + Interest rate) ^N].
C)[(1 + Interest rate) ^N] ÷ (Future payment).
D)(Future payment) ÷ [(1 + Interest rate) ^N].

Answer 1

D

Question 2

An institution that makes savings available to investors is known as

A)A financial repository.
B)An independent financial association.
C)A financial intermediary.
D)A stock and bond intermediary.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a financial intermediary?

A)Banks.
B)The Federal Reserve.
C)The U.S.Treasury.
D)The department of finance.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The supply of loanable funds is determined by all of the following except

A)Time preferences.
B)Demand for loanable funds.
C)Interest rates.
D)Risk.

Question 5

If the interest rate is 8 percent, then the present discounted value of $100 to be received two years from now is closest to

A)$128.00.
B)$116.00.
C)$86.00.
D)$96.00.

Question 6

All of the following statements about banks in Zimbabwe in 2009 are true except

A)Political instability increased the risk of bank failures.
B)Banks were paying 100,000 percent interest on deposits.
C)Few people deposited their money into Zimbabwe banks.
D)The risk of losing deposits at Zimbabwe banks, even if they failed, was low because of deposit insurance.The risk of deposits losing their value at Zimbabwe banks was very high because the inflation rate was 230 million percent, much higher than the 100,000 percent interest.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a financial intermediary?

A)Stock markets.
B)Flea markets.
C)Real estate markets.
D)Gun shows.

Question 8

As long as interest-earning opportunities exist, present dollars are worth

A)More than future dollars.
B)Less than future dollars.
C)More than previous periods'dollars.
D)Less than inflation-adjusted dollars.

Question 9

Present discounted value refers to the

A)Future value of today's dollars.
B)Value today of future payments adjusted for inflation.
C)Value today of future payments adjusted for interest accrual.
D)Value today of future payments adjusted for risk.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about money is not true?

A)Income-earning investment opportunities exist.
B)Present dollars are worth more than future dollars.
C)There is an opportunity cost of money.
D)Currency can be exchanged for gold only in the United States and Europe.

Question 11

The risk premium is the

A)Interest rate paid to savers.
B)Interest rate charged to borrowers.
C)Difference in rates of return on safe and risky investments.
D)Interest rate divided by the expected value.

Question 12

Financial intermediaries make the allocation of resources more efficient by

A)Transferring purchasing power from savers to dissavers.
B)Lending or investing the savings they hold.
C)Reducing search and information costs for savers and investors.
D)Spreading risk out over many individuals.

Question 13

The function of financial intermediaries is to transfer purchasing power from

A)Dissavers to consumers.
B)Consumers to savers.
C)Savers to dissavers.
D)Dissavers to savers.

Question 14

Market participants are likely to save a portion of current income if they

A)Place a higher value on future consumption than on current consumption.
B)Place a higher value on current consumption than on future consumption.
C)Believe that banks might fail.
D)Believe that money will lose much of its value in the future.

Question 15

Financial intermediaries

A)Increase search and information costs for savers and investors.
B)Transfer purchasing power from spenders to savers.
C)Spread the risk of investment failure over many individuals.
D)Always allocate funds to the least productive investments.

Question 16

Risk premiums do all of the following except

A)Help explain why banks charge different customers different interest rates.
B)Allocate limited resources only to the safest investors.
C)Are the difference in the rates of return on risky and safe investments.
D)Compensate people who finance risky ventures.

Question 17

The decision to save is influenced by all of the following except

A)Time preferences.
B)Interest rates.
C)The level of risk.
D)Occupation.

Question 18

Lower interest rates

A)Lower the present value of future payments.
B)Raise the future value of current dollars.
C)Reflect a lower opportunity cost of money.
D)Reflect a higher opportunity cost of money.

Question 19

Higher interest rates

A)Reflect a higher opportunity cost of money.
B)Raise the present value of future payments.
C)Lower the future value of current dollars.
D)Result in a higher risk premium.

Question 20

Higher interest rates

A)Decrease the quantity of loanable funds.
B)Decrease the level of risk.
C)Increase the quantity of loanable funds.
D)Increase the level of risk.

Question 21

Suppose Regis has a 25 percent chance of not collecting $1,000 in one year.If the interest rate is 10 percent, what is the expected value of the future payment?

A)$750.
B)$682.
C)$227.
D)$909.

Question 22

The present discounted value of a future payment will increase when the

A)Interest rate decreases.
B)Future payment is moved further into the future.
C)Risk of nonpayment increases.
D)Opportunity cost of money increases.

Question 23

If the expected rate of return decreases

A)The demand for loanable funds will increase.
B)The demand for loanable funds will decrease.
C)Market participants will save less money.
D)The time value of money will increase.

Question 24

The present discounted value of a future payment will decrease when the

A)Interest rate increases.
B)Future payment is closer to the present.
C)Risk of nonpayment increases.
D)Opportunity cost of money decreases.

Question 25

The value of future payments is affected by

A)The level of dividends.
B)Capital gains.
C)The par value.
D)The probability of nonpayment.

Question 26

Which of the following is the equation for determining an expected value?

A)(1 - Risk factor) ×PDV.
B)(Risk factor - 1) ×PDV.
C)(1 - Risk factor) ÷ PDV.
D)(Risk factor - 1) ÷ PDV.

Question 27

In the loanable funds market,

A)The price is the interest rate.
B)The demand curve reflects the behavior of lenders.
C)The supply curve reflects the behavior of borrowers.
D)If interest rates rise, firms borrow more.

Question 28

Suppose Carlos has a 60 percent chance of not collecting $100,000 when his rich uncle dies in 10 years.Juanita wants to buy the rights to this possible inheritance from Carlos.How much is the possible inheritance currently worth to Carlos? Assume the interest rate is 9 percent.

A)$94,695.
B)$25,345.
C)$16,896.
D)$142,042.

Question 29

The intersection of the demand for loanable funds and the supply of loanable funds determines the

A)Real interest rate.
B)Par value.
C)Prevailing interest rate.
D)Price ÷ earnings ratio.

Question 30

If the present discounted value of a payment is $1,000,000 and there is a 40 percent chance that the payment will not occur, then the expected value is

A)$600,000.
B)$400,000.
C)$1,000,000.
D)$1,400,000.

Question 31

The quantity of loanable funds available to a corporation depends on the

A)Dividends the company is willing to pay.
B)Present worth of the company's dividends.
C)Price of its stock.
D)Interest rate the company is willing to offer.

Question 32

Suppose you purchase shares in Acme Gadget Company for $10 per share.The company believes there is a 20 percent chance it will fail to earn a discounted future profit of $1.85.What is the expected rate of return on your investment?

A)18.5 percent.
B)13.5 percent.
C)14.8 percent.
D)20.0 percent.

Question 33

The present discounted value of $60,000 to be received at the end of three years when the interest rate is 10 percent is closest to

A)$45,079.
B)$49,587.
C)$60,000.
D)$79,860.

Question 34

The expected value of a future payment differs from the present discounted value in that the expected value

A)Takes into account the possibility of nonpayment.
B)Uses a lower interest rate in its calculation.
C)Uses a higher interest rate in its calculation.
D)Assumes that future payments take place over a longer period of time.

Question 35

The present discounted value of $100 to be received one year from now, if the interest rate is 2.5 percent, is closest to

A)$98.
B)$100.
C)$103.
D)$95.

Question 36

Which of the following will cause the demand for loanable funds to increase?

A)The expected profitability of a project declines.
B)The cost of funds increases.
C)The expected rate of return increases.
D)Households increase their rate of savings.

Question 37

As the uncertainty attached to a future payment _______, the expected value _______.

A)decreases; decreases
B)increases; stays the same
C)decreases; increases
D)increases; becomes positive

Question 38

The price paid for the use of money is defined as the

A)Rental rate.
B)Interest rate.
C)Profit rate.
D)Inflation rate.

Question 39

Suppose you purchase shares in Papa's Pizza for $20 per share.The company believes there is a 40 percent chance it will fail to earn a discounted future profit of $2.59.What is the expected rate of return on your investment?

A)5.8 percent.
B)7.77 percent.
C)5.2 percent.
D)15.17 percent.

Question 40

Expected value refers to the

A)Future value of a current payment.
B)Present value of a future payment.
C)Probable value of a future payment.
D)Difference in the rates of return on risky and safe investments.

Question 41

The owners of which type of firm have the most liability?

A)Corporation.
B)Partnership.
C)Proprietorship.
D)Limited partnership.

Question 42

In a publicly traded corporation, which of the following is responsible for business debts and activities?

A)The individual stockholders.
B)The board members.
C)The owners.
D)The corporation itself.

Question 43

Figure 32.1 represents the market for loanable funds.The equilibrium interest rate

A)Is less than the rate of return on capital.
B)Is greater than the rate of return on capital.
C)Represents the price paid for the use of money.
D)Is equal to the risk premium.

Question 44

The owners of which type of firm have the least liability?

A)Corporation.
B)Partnership.
C)Proprietorship.
D)Limited partnership.

Question 45

Retained earnings are

A)The only motive for purchasing stock.
B)Equal to corporate profits.
C)Direct increases to shareholder wealth.
D)The amount of corporate profit not paid out in dividends.

Question 46

Dividends are

A)The amount of corporate profit paid out for each share of stock.
B)Profits used for investment in new plants and equipment.
C)An increase in the market value of an asset.
D)The only motive for purchasing stock.

Question 47

A corporation can elect to allocate corporate profits into either

A)Interest payments or dividends.
B)Bonds or stocks.
C)Dividends or retained earnings.
D)Capital gains or dividends.

Question 48

As the prevailing interest rate decreases, the opportunity cost of money

A)Increases for both lender and borrower.
B)Increases for the borrower and decreases for the lender.
C)Decreases for both lender and borrower.
D)Decreases for the borrower and increases for the lender.

Question 49

As the prevailing interest rate increases, all of the following occur except

A)Quantity demanded of loanable funds decreases.
B)Quantity supplied of loanable funds increases.
C)Cost of borrowing rises.
D)Supply curve for savings shifts to the right.

Question 50

As the interest rate increases, ceteris paribus, the trade-off between present and future consumption

A)Makes it more appealing to sacrifice current consumption.
B)Is not affected.
C)Encourages less saving.
D)Makes it less appealing to sacrifice present consumption.

Question 51

A motivation for holding stock is

A)To receive interest payments on the firm's debt.
B)The anticipation of capital gains.
C)To have a direct role in the operation of the corporation.
D)To own a low-risk, illiquid asset.

Question 52

Figure 32.1 represents the market for loanable funds.Which of the following is true at the equilibrium interest rate?

A)The rate of return on capital equals the interest rate.
B)The rate of return on capital is less than the interest rate.
C)The rate of return on capital is greater than the interest rate.
D)There is no relationship between the rate of return on capital and the interest rate.

Question 53

Dividends are equal to

A)Capital gains minus retained earnings.
B)Corporate profits.
C)Corporate profits plus retained earnings.
D)Corporate profits minus retained earnings.

Question 54

Shares of ownership in a corporation are known as

A)Corporate stock.
B)Corporate bonds.
C)Retained earnings.
D)Savings bonds.

Question 55

Capital gains are

A)The only motive for purchasing stock.
B)Profits used for investment in new plants and equipment.
C)An increase in the market value of an asset.
D)The amount of corporate profit paid out for each share of stock.

Question 56

In which form of business is a single individual responsible for the repayment of any debts?

A)Proprietorship.
B)Corporation.
C)Partnership.
D)Family-run business.

Question 57

An increase in the value of an asset, such as a stock, is called

A)Interest.
B)Profit.
C)A capital gain.
D)A dividend.

Question 58

The amount of corporate profits not paid out in dividends is known as

A)The par value.
B)Retained earnings.
C)The price/earnings ratio.
D)Corporate stock.

Question 59

The owners of a corporation are

A)Liable for its debts.
B)Those people who own the bonds issued by the corporation.
C)The shareholders of the corporation's stock.
D)The board of directors.

Question 60

As interest rates decline, all of the following will result except

A)Quantity demanded of loanable funds increases.
B)Quantity supplied of loanable funds decreases.
C)Cost of borrowing diminishes.
D)Demand curve for money shifts to the left.

Question 61

The first sale to the general public of stock in a corporation is referred to as

A)An original public sale.
B)An initial public offering.
C)A public bond offering.
D)A public stock auction.

Question 62

If Shoffner Inc., a publicly traded corporation, has a share price of $125, revenues of $15.35 per share, and profits of $5.25 per share, what is the P/E ratio for Shoffner Inc.shares?

A)23.81.
B)0.04.
C)8.14.
D)0.12.

Question 63

Bonds may be issued by the U.S.

A)Congress.
B)Treasury.
C)Federal Reserve Bank.
D)Immigration and Naturalization Agency.

Question 64

A bond is

A)A share in a corporation.
B)A coupon used to collect a dividend.
C)An insurance policy investor's purchase to protect against the possibility of falling stock prices.
D)A promise to repay a loan.

Question 65

An initial public offering

A)Allows a company to borrow funds for investment and growth.
B)Allows a company to raise money without increasing debt.
C)Indicates the demand for a company's new product.
D)Increases the percentage of the company owned by the management and original entrepreneurs.

Question 66

The Dow Jones Industrial Average is an arithmetic average of _____ blue-chip industrial stocks.

A)30
B)50
C)75
D)500

Question 67

All of the following are allowed to issue bonds except

A)General Motors.
B)The U.S.Treasury.
C)The City of Arlington.
D)The Federal Reserve.

Question 68

Ceteris paribus, the price of a stock will definitely increase when the

A)Supply of the stock increases.
B)Prevailing interest rate increases.
C)Demand for the stock increases.
D)Demand for the stock and supply of the stock both decrease.

Question 69

The price of a stock will decrease, ceteris paribus, when

A)There is a shortage of the stock at the current price.
B)The interest rate increases.
C)The supply of the stock decreases.
D)Future earnings expectations increase.

Question 70

The price of a stock will decrease, ceteris paribus, when

A)Future earnings expectations increase.
B)People move money out of the bond market and look for other options.
C)Terrorists cause people to be fearful.
D)Congress makes sound budget decisions.

Question 71

Large swings in stock prices are usually caused by

A)A decrease in interest rates.
B)Widespread changes in expectations.
C)A decrease in the supply of stocks.
D)An increase in dividend payments by corporations.

Question 72

The P/E ratio, or price to earnings ratio of a stock, can be computed using which of the following formulas?

A)(Revenue per share) ÷ (Price of stock share).
B)(Price of stock share) ÷ (Revenue per share).
C)(Earnings per share) ÷ (Price of stock share).
D)(Price of stock share) ÷ (Earnings per share).

Question 73

Which of the following is not a reason to hold stock?

A)To receive payments on the firm's debt.
B)To receive potential capital gains.
C)To take part in the selection of the board of directors.
D)To receive potential dividends.

Question 74

The price of a stock will decrease, ceteris paribus, for all of the following reasons except

A)There is a surplus of the stock at the current price.
B)The demand for the stock decreases.
C)The supply of the stock increases.
D)Consumer confidence increases.

Question 75

Suppose the Martin Microchip Corporation earns a profit of $20 per share of stock.If the prevailing interest rate is 10 percent and the stock is currently selling for $100 per share, what is the current price/earnings ratio?

A)5.
B)0.20.
C)20.
D)10.

Question 76

The primary economic role of financial markets is to

A)Gain profits for investors.
B)Allocate resources to profitable businesses and away from businesses with losses.
C)Earn dividends for shareholders.
D)Provide the federal government with a source of loanable funds when it has a budget deficit.Financial markets facilitate resource reallocations.

Question 77

The price of a stock will increase, ceteris paribus, when

A)Future earnings expectations increase.
B)The interest rate increases.
C)The supply of the stock increases.
D)There is a surplus of the stock at the current price.

Question 78

The purpose of an initial public offering is to

A)See if there is a demand for a company's new product.
B)Change the membership of the board of directors.
C)Borrow funds for investment and growth.
D)Raise funds for investment and growth by selling shares of the company to the public.

Question 79

The price of a stock will increase, ceteris paribus, when

A)Future earnings expectations decrease.
B)Consumer confidence increases.
C)The interest rate increases.
D)Terrorists cause people to be fearful.

Question 80

The most important determinant of how much an individual will pay for a share of stock is

A)The average daily volume for the corporation's shares.
B)The expectation of future profit.
C)How well the CEO is compensated.
D)The structure of the market.