Deck 10: Europes High Middle Ages

Question 1

Which order focused on preaching,teaching,and combating heresy?

A)the Dominicans
B)the Franciscans
C)the Benedictines
D)the Jesuits
E)the Cistercians

Answer 1

the Dominicans

Question 2

The dream of the High Middle Ages' greatest thinkers was to create comprehensive descriptions of particular topics,which would be known as

A)summae.
B)universitas.
C)dialectic.
D)scholastics.
E)New Logic.

Answer 2

summae.

Question 3

In the Gothic style,the three key elements are the pointed arch,rib-vaulting,and

A)flying buttresses.
B)concrete piers.
C)massive walls.
D)flat wooden roofs.
E)barrel vaults.

Answer 3

flying buttresses.

Question 4

Which scholar,along with Thomas Aquinas,devoted his life to reconciling Aristotle's insights with Christian doctrine?

A)Albertus Magnus
B)Peter Abelard
C)Francis of Assisi
D)Peter Waldo
E)Dominic de Guzman

Question 5

What was the birthplace of Gothic-style architecture?

A)northern France
B)northern Spain
C)southern Italy
D)southern Greece
E)western Germany

Question 6

The most famous advocate of the dialectic method was

A)Peter Abelard.
B)Berengar of Tours.
C)Peter Waldo.
D)Gerbert of Aurillac.
E)John of Salisbury.

Question 7

The English king who spent most of his reign out of his realm,leading the Third Crusade,and being held captive in Germany was

A)Richard I "the Lionhearted."
B)Philip IV "the Fair."
C)Frederick I "Barbarossa."
D)Otto of Brunswick.
E)Henry the Lion.

Question 8

What name was given to the men who worked as teachers at the new schools of the High Middle Ages?

A)Scholastics
B)the Carthusian order
C)mendicants
D)troubadors
E)Gnostics

Question 9

What type of church design likely evolved from shrines built over the graves of saints?

A)circular
B)rectangular
C)octagonal
D)basilica
E)clerestory

Question 10

The first mendicant order of friars was started by which Italian?

A)Francis of Assisi
B)Benedict of Nursia
C)Peter Abelard
D)Thomas Aquinas
E)Peter Waldo

Question 11

As a historical era,what defines a renaissance?

A)a surge in cultural advances driven by interest in classical thought
B)a religious revival that strengthens a people's relationship to the church
C)a scientific push forward that eschews respect for the past
D)a type of intellectual thought without historical precedent
E)a cooperative arrangement between the church and the state

Question 12

William IX of Aquitaine was notable for his

A)patronage of troubadours at his court.
B)victories in the First Crusade.
C)personal piety and devotion to the church.
D)scholastic treatises.
E)invention of the Gothic style.

Question 13

What group of people were the original source of "Arabic" numerals and the concept of zero?

A)Hindus
B)Muslims
C)Africans
D)Greeks
E)Romans

Question 14

Entertainers of the High Middle Ages who wrote and performed lively lyrical poetry and music-primarily about love-were known as

A)troubadours.
B)courtiers.
C)enquêteurs.
D)Parlement.
E)friars.

Question 15

What was the name of the heretical group that spread into Western Europe from the Balkans and became the target of a crusade to force them out of France?

A)the Cathars
B)the Cistercians
C)the Benedictines
D)the Dominicans
E)the Waldensians

Question 16

What best describes the architecture of very early Christianity?

A)There wasn't any.
B)It was simple and humble.
C)It was designed to glory God.
D)It was in tune with nature.
E)It was futuristic and ground-breaking.

Question 17

The emergence of new monastic ideals at the end of the eleventh century was forecast by an order whose members lived in isolated cells,worked with their hands,and practiced rigorous self-denial;they were known as the

A)Carthusians.
B)Franciscans.
C)Cistercians.
D)Benedictines.
E)Dominicans.

Question 18

As an academic title,what is the literal translation of the word doctor?

A)"teacher"
B)"expert"
C)"highest"
D)"healer"
E)"respected"

Question 19

Louis IX's investigators,sent out to audit the accounts of his officials and hear complaints against them,were called

A)enquèteurs.
B)tax farmers.
C)grand jurors.
D)universitas.
E)mendicants.

Question 20

Which thinker was especially admired and emulated by the Scholastics?

A)Aristotle
B)Plato
C)Euclid
D)Socrates
E)Virgil

Question 21

How did friars differ from earlier medieval monks?

A)Friars worked in the world,while monks withdrew from the world.
B)Friars practiced a more mystical religion than the strictly logical monks.
C)Friars were well educated,while most monks were illiterate.
D)Friars were all male,while either men or women could be monks.
E)Friars accumulated great personal wealth,while most monks were poor.

Question 22

What country was home to the Capetian dynasty?

A)France
B)Italy
C)England
D)Ireland
E)Scotland

Question 23

Why would Edward I have maintained Parliament,which had started out as an assembly that was potentially treasonous?

A)He found it expedient for getting money from the property-owning classes.
B)He was able to keep a close eye on the nobles in Parliament.
C)He could quickly identify his enemies by seeing who attended.
D)He extended his control over the nobles by making them come at his call.
E)Parliament gave the common people a voice in government.

Question 24

What was entailed in a professor's glossing of a text?

A)The professor read a passage from a book and then commented on it extensively.
B)The professor skimmed over the text to locate and study the essential arguments alone.
C)The professor read a book enough times so that they would have it memorized.
D)The professor had his class read the text to him and explain it by themselves.
E)The professor invited a member of the clergy to help explain the text to the class.

Question 25

The medieval university's system of moving from degree to degree by demonstrating mastery most closely resembled what other system?

A)a guild of craftsmen
B)the ranks of Catholic clergy
C)ranks in feudal society
D)town government
E)an ancient Greek school

Question 26

Henry II gained control of much of the Angevin Empire by marrying

A)Eleanor of Aquitaine.
B)Blanche of Castille.
C)the empress Matilda.
D)Clair of Anjou.
E)Hildegard of Bingen.

Question 27

Henry II expanded the use of documents that people could purchase to order royal officials to take action on their behalf,known as

A)writs.
B)common laws.
C)petite juries.
D)scutages.
E)vassals.

Question 28

The conflict between Henry II and Thomas Becket highlighted what issue in medieval Europe?

A)conflicts over authority between church and state
B)the problem of incorporating towns in medieval society
C)the Nominalist-Realist debate
D)whether dynasties could pass through the female line
E)whether kings should rely on Parliaments for money and advice

Question 29

According to Abbot Suger,what was the purpose of his new Gothic church at St.Denis?

A)to maximize the light of God's intellectual and spiritual presence
B)to resist the rain and snow of northern France
C)to show off the great wealth of the Cistercian order
D)to give the relics of the saints of France an impressive home
E)to provide space for as many worshippers as possible

Question 30

The tensions between the physical world and the mysteries of the Christian faith were reflected in

A)Gothic architecture.
B)the design of a classical temple.
C)Romanesque architecture.
D)the layout of a basilican church.
E)the fortresses of the early Middle Ages.

Question 31

What skeptical argument against transubstantiation was offered by Berengar of Tours?

A)People could not distinguish between consecrated and unconsecrated bread and wine.
B)Since God did not exist,there was no way that transubstantiation could occur.
C)God operated in a "hands-off" manner and did not perform acts such as transubstantiation.
D)It was sacrilegious to suggest that one could be consuming the body and blood of Christ.
E)Bread is bread and wine is wine and nothing can change that,not even God.

Question 32

How did the pointed or broken Gothic arch make it possible to escape the limitations of the Romanesque style?

A)A pointed arch could be higher than its width.
B)Churches could be longer than they were wide.
C)Smaller Gothic churches were cheaper to build than Romanesque churches.
D)Gothic architecture had a comforting solidity that the Romanesque lacked.
E)Churches now more closely resembled classical temples.

Question 33

Although he was branded a heretic,Peter Waldo's call for believers to live a simple,Christ-like life,resembled the teachings of

A)Francis of Assisi.
B)Dominic de Guzman.
C)Bernard of Chartres.
D)Gelbert of Aurillac.
E)Peter Lombard.

Question 34

In Henry II's court system,cases were heard and verdicts rendered by

A)petit juries.
B)grand juries.
C)trial juries.
D)royal juries.
E)common juries.

Question 35

Henry II's system of common law juries was most useful for resolving

A)local property disputes.
B)criminal cases.
C)cases of national significance.
D)cases of witchcraft and heresy.
E)conflicts between church law and common law.

Question 36

A man who embraced the new kind of religious vocation in which he would stay in the workaday world while trying to save souls was known as a

A)friar.
B)monk.
C)scholar.
D)priest.
E)Templar.

Question 37

As a collective,why did a universitas have considerable leverage in negotiations with local leaders?

A)Its students were a source of income for a town.
B)It had the blessing and endorsement of the church.
C)It had the backing of the local citizenry.
D)The town required the wisdom of its students.
E)Students were feared by the citizens and leaders.

Question 38

What was the basic premise of Old Logic?

A)Truth needs the support of nothing beyond itself if logically analyzed.
B)Something is the truth if it has enough support from authority figures.
C)Although it is noble to try to find it,truth is beyond human reach.
D)The truth can be discovered through enough prayer and Bible study.
E)The truth of the world was discovered long ago and can be found in ancient texts.

Question 39

The lure of what subject drew Christian European scholars to Muslim libraries?

A)science
B)theology
C)philosophy
D)literature
E)art

Question 40

What allowed the scholars of the High Middle Ages to move forward intellectually?

A)They were no longer constrained by excessive respect for the authority of the past.
B)They were no longer in any way connected to the church or organized religion.
C)They were so confident as to consider themselves equal to the great minds of the ancient world.
D)They had full economic support of the church and various powerful monarchies.
E)A flood of inventions made scientific investigation easier and more accurate.

Question 41

What was the ultimate end of Frederick II's brilliant reign and many accomplishments?

A)His enemies wiped out his dynasty and undid most of his work after this death.
B)Germany was united under a strong monarchy.
C)He was the first man elected both pope and emperor.
D)Italy and Germany were united as a single state.
E)The pope awarded him the title of "defender of the faith."

Question 42

What problem of medieval government was reflected by an issue faced by both England's Henry II and John?

A)Papal excommunication could force a king to change policies.
B)England's small population could not support an organized state.
C)Baronial revolts could force a king from the throne.
D)A king could not reign without popular support.
E)A kingdom could not be governed by a king who left the realm.

Question 43

The cool,dark interiors of Romanesque churches appealed to people in Italy,Spain,and southern France because they

A)provided an escape from the hot,sunny climates found in those areas.
B)were easier to build and required fewer resources than Gothic churches.
C)could be lit easily because of the large banks of windows in their walls.
D)attracted intellectuals from all over Europe to conduct lectures.
E)the gloom was considered symbolic of the mysteries of the faith.

Question 44

Hildegard of Bingen was held in high regard because she

A)was a talented,intelligent woman.
B)was the mother of the heir to the German throne.
C)was a Franciscan scholar.
D)believed that human reason was suspect.
E)devised the concept of common law.

Question 45

Medieval Nominalists and Realists arguing over the meaning of classes of things and individual things were continuing a philosophical debate begun by

A)Plato and Aristotle.
B)Boethius and Cassiodorus.
C)Constantine the African and Adelard of Bath.
D)Cicero and Virgil.
E)John of Salisbury and Bernard of Chartres.

Question 46

In the study of dialectic,what unfortunate theological implication did realism present?

A)It led to pantheism.
B)It led to polytheism.
C)It led to atheism.
D)It led to moral relativism.
E)It led to agnosticism.

Question 47

What is the best way to describe the relationship that the Catholic Church of the High Middle Ages had with Aristotle's work?

A)While at first hostile,the church came to appreciate his writings as being compatible with Scripture.
B)The church was suspicious and hostile towards Aristotle's work and never changed their minds on the subject.
C)While at first accepting of Aristotle's writings,the church came to be suspicious and hostile towards them.
D)The church immediately sensed the compatibility of Aristotle's writings with Scripture and worked to encourage it.
E)Although they had a mixed emotional response to Aristotle's writings,the church endorsed him nonetheless.

Question 48

The greatest impact of the cult of courtly love was that it

A)turned crude warriors into cultivated gentlemen.
B)undermined the status of medieval women.
C)spread Latin literacy among the lower classes.
D)led men and women to join mendicant orders.
E)emphasized the power of reason over the emotions.

Question 49

The relationship between Heloise and Peter Abelard is a reminder that

A)even brilliant women could not attend the formal schools in Paris.
B)high-class women could violate social customs without punishment.
C)medieval women were more esteemed for their piety than their learning.
D)the rules of courtly love freed women from social conventions.
E)the medieval student could surpass the teacher,even if the student was a woman.

Question 50

Why does the architecture of the churches of the High Middle Ages continue to influence church design to this very day?

A)The design perfectly captured the essence and feeling of Christianity's transcendent faith.
B)The design was aesthetically pleasing in a way that no one has been able to surpass.
C)The design was so economical and efficient that there was no reason to try to change it.
D)The design was so sturdy that many of the churches still stand and serve as inspiration.
E)The design was officially consecrated by the Catholic Church and remains so to this day,

Question 51

The lives of Eleanor of Aquitaine and Blanche of Castile demonstrate that

A)medieval women could influence politics through their husbands and sons.
B)convent life was the only satisfying outlet for medieval women of talent.
C)women played a leading role in the scholastic movement.
D)queens were often more effective rulers than kings.
E)opportunities for women steadily decreased during the Middle Ages.

Question 52

What did Thomas Aquinas think about the relationship between reason and faith?

A)He believed that they could be used together to understand reality.
B)He believed that while both are important,they must be used separately.
C)He believed that faith alone could provide one with the truth.
D)He believed that reason alone was necessary to reach the truth.
E)He believed that humans were too frail to understand reason or faith.

Question 53

What aspect of the work of Francis of Assisi did the church moderate?

A)the giving away of all of one's possessions and trusting God to meet one's needs
B)the traveling throughout Europe to preach
C)the connecting with people in the everyday world outside of a monastery
D)the preaching of sermons that were contradictory to those of the parish priests
E)the discussing of Scripture from a logical rather than an emotional standpoint

Question 54

The pope called for a crusade to root out the Cathars because they

A)had attracted a large following and the pope believed they were heretics.
B)had refused to support the pope's efforts to spread Christianity in Africa.
C)were secretive and reclusive and the pope felt they were suspicious.
D)rejected the spiritual aspect of mankind.
E)had become too powerful in northern France.