Deck 5: Ethnicity and Immigration: Challenging the National Imaginary

Question 1

The term 'institutional completeness' as used by Breton (1964)best describes what?

A)The extent to which an ethnic community contains representative types of organisations such that individuals may live out their lives within the boundaries of the community
B)The way that migrants tend to migrate in chains so that they move to live with others who share the same ethnicity
C)The view of ethnicity that defines interests in material terms
D)The way that ethnic groups create a continuum by marrying others of the same ethnicity

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Racism and discrimination may motivate ethnic minorities to form social groups and community organisations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Describe,in one paragraph,the trend in migration for different program streams as shown on page 105 in Figure 5.2: Migration program outcomes by stream,Australia,1989/90 to 2010/11.

Answer 3

Student response could note any major changes over this time period,such as figures that increase and those that remain static and offer an explanation for these changes by referring to policy and legislation in place at the time.

Question 4

Herbert Gans (1979)coined the term 'symbolic ethnicity' to refer to which of the following?

A)The feelings that ethnic communities share of identification which involves nostalgic allegiance but does not necessarily incorporate ethnic practices into everyday behaviour
B)The ways that global communication technologies enable dispersed populations to stay in touch with family outside Australia
C)The ways that ethnicity develops over time
D)The use of everyday symbols,such as clothing or hairstyles,to display ethnicity to the dominant culture

Question 5

When did the Australian Ethnic Affairs Council (AEAC)adopt a formal statement against assimilation?

A)1967
B)1977
C)1976
D)1987

Question 6

Which of the following best describes an essentialist understanding of ethnicity?

A)Ethnicity is fixed and static,with one clear set of characteristics which members of an ethnic group share
B)Ethnicity changes throughout the life course,though there are a set of core characteristics which members of an ethnic group share
C)Ethnicity is a characteristic which is mobilised in order to gain status or power
D)Ethnicity is a social process rather than a fixed entity

Question 7

Gale (2004)argued that the moral panic surrounding people who come to Australia by boat to seek asylum is:

A)The end of multiculturalism
B)Popular perception
C)The refugee crisis
D)Populist politics

Question 8

Since the late 1980s,what has been the main focus for the selection of migrants permitted to come to Australia?

A)Family migrants
B)Skilled migrants
C)British migrants
D)Refugees

Question 9

How long was the White Australia Policy in place?

A)24 years
B)68 years
C)72 years
D)75 years

Question 10

What factors does Hugo (2006)NOT attribute to the increase in temporary migration in the past decade?

A)The development of multinational companies who transfer staff between nations
B)The cheapening of international travel
C)The higher divorce rates leading to people leaving the country after marriage breaks down
D)The growth in international students who migrate in order to study

Question 11

Identify two factors that determine the settlement patterns of different groups.

A)Type of migration and culture
B)Identification processes and location
C)Social networks and wealth
D)Social networks and opportunity structures

Question 12

The term 'diaspora' is best described by which of the following?

A)The traditional cultures that ethnic communities share
B)The correct term for Italian immigrants that live in Australia
C)Dispersed populations throughout the world who share ethnicity and a homeland but who reside outside that homeland
D)The ways that ethnicity is a factor encouraging class formation

Question 13

Which statement INCORRECTLY critiques multiculturalism/ethnicity?

A)Multiculturalism may threaten the social order by encouraging social division
B)Anglo-Australian identity is hegemonic because it fails to be seen as an ethnicity at all
C)A disadvantage of being a migrant is that one gains an ethnicity
D)As Jewish history shows,ethnic status may result even when one does not identify as Jewish nor has maternal Jewish ancestry

Question 14

Select the statement which defines Weber's classification of ethnic-related concepts:

A)Status groups form the basis of ethnicity
B)Common ancestry causes consciousness of kind and ethnic lifestyles to emerge
C)Cultural content and ethnic category are more important than symbolic boundaries,like language and food,to ethnic communities
D)Common ancestry is not significant for understanding ethnic group and ethnic community formations

Question 15

Name the two sociological theories that provide alternative analyses of immigrants and the labour market.

A)Human capital and labour market
B)Labour segmentation and Marxism
C)Human capital and labour segmentation
D)Human capital and everyday multiculturalism

Question 16

In what year was the Australian Citizenship Test introduced?

A)2004
B)1901
C)2008
D)2007

Question 17

Which of the following describes Wise's (2009)work on everyday multiculturalism?

A)The ways that migrants switch between English and other languages when talking to each other over the course of a day
B)A survey of whether Australians living in Bega hold negative views of multiculturalism
C)The ways that the media positively represents different ethnic groups in broadcast and print
D)The different ways that Anglo-Australians and Lebanese Australians used the beach at Cronulla

Question 18

Which of the following do McKay and Lewins (1978)distinguish between in their typology of ethnic identification?

A)Ethnic practice and ethnic resistance
B)Ethnic awareness and ethnic consciousness
C)Ethnic symbols and ethnic networks
D)Ethnic authenticity and ethnic inauthenticity

Question 19

Make a list of at least five points in short sentences which set out differences in the labour market as experienced by immigrants and non-immigrants.

Question 20

The association between culture and ethnicity in Australian multicultural policy limits our perception of the term 'ethnicity'.Discuss.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the settlement experience of humanitarian categorised migrants?

A)It can take a long time to be established in the local labour market
B)Housing problems are common in the early stages of settlement
C)A high degree of welfare dependency in the early stages of settlement
D)Access to employment with high level salaries

Question 22

In less than 500 words,describe the differences between forced and economic migrants.

Question 23

Globalisation,transnationalism,mass immigration,border protection policies,the war on terror,the refugee crisis - these are all processes and events that have contributed to the current climate of fear that is said to pervade Australian society.Examine to what extent this statement is true or false,drawing on sociological examples as evidence.

Question 24

In what ways does multiculturalism maintain the marginality of immigrants and their descendants?

Question 25

Multiculturalism that is underpinned by an understanding of social trends associated with the transitions from modernity to post modernity reflect:

A)Public policy
B)Lived experiences
C)Social and political histories
D)Aspirational goals