Deck 7: Wrist and Hand

Question 1

The axis for radial and ulnar deviation passes through this carpal bone:

A) scaphoid
B) lunate
C) hamate
D) capitates

Answer 1

capitates

Question 2

The palm of the hand has a concave appearance because:

A) the flexor muscles are stronger than the extensors
B) the extensor muscles are stronger than the flexors
C) of the arches formed by the carpal bones and ligaments
D) of the tightness of the superficial fascia on the volar aspect of the hand

Answer 2

of the arches formed by the carpal bones and ligaments

Question 3

MCP joint motion (2-5) includes:

A) flexion/extension and medial/lateral rotation
B) medial/lateral rotation and abduction/adduction
C) abduction/adduction and flexion/extension
D) flexion/extension and opposition

Answer 3

abduction/adduction and flexion/extension

Question 4

The first CMC joint of the thumb is considered to be a(n) _______ joint.

A) ball and socket
B) saddle
C) condyloid
D) ellipsoid

Question 5

Which carpal bone is most commonly dislocated?

A) Scaphoid
B) Lunate
C) Hamate
D) Capitates

Question 6

During abduction of the first CMC joint, the first metacarpal rolls _______ and glides _______ on the trapezium.

A) volarly; volarly
B) dorsally; volarly
C) volarly; dorsally
D) dorsally; dorsally

Question 7

During open kinetic chain wrist extension, the proximal row of carpal bones roll ___________ and glide ___________.

A) volarly; volarly
B) dorsally; volarly
C) volarly; dorsally
D) dorsally; dorsally

Question 8

The interphalangeal (IP) joints of the hand possess ______ degree(s) of angular freedom.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 9

The wrist has _______ degree(s) of angular freedom.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 10

The primary bone of the wrist is the:

A) radius
B) ulna
C) scaphoid
D) lunate

Question 11

The wrist is often classified as a __________ joint.

A) ginglymus
B) plane or gliding
C) condyloid
D) elliptical

Question 12

The metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints (2-5) possess ______ degree(s) of angular freedom.

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 13

Blood supply to the scaphoid proceeds primarily in a ___________ fashion.

A) proximal to distal
B) distal to proximal
C) lateral to medial
D) medial to lateral

Question 14

The __________ carpometacarpal (CMC) joint has the least amount of motion in the sagittal plane

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 15

Which carpal bone is most commonly fractured?

A) Scaphoid
B) Lunate
C) Hamate
D) Capitates

Question 16

During closed kinetic chain wrist extension, the distal radius rolls ___________ and glides ____________.

A) volarly; volarly
B) dorsally; volarly
C) volarly; dorsally
D) dorsally; dorsally

Question 17

To stretch the oblique retinacular ligament, the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint should be ________, whereas the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is either actively or passively __________.

A) flexed; flexed
B) flexed; extended
C) extended; flexed
D) extended; extended

Question 18

Because there are no ligaments between these two carpal bones, a substantial amount of motion exists:

A) scaphoid and lunate
B) lunate and capitate
C) capitate and scaphoid
D) lunate and triquetrum

Question 19

Approximately ____% of the metacarpal heads are covered with articular cartilage.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 100

Question 20

Lister's tubercle provides a pulley for the:

A) flexor pollicis longus
B) flexor pollicis brevis
C) extensor pollicis longus
D) extensor pollicis brevis

Question 21

The hand has multiple functions including prehension, providing afferent information to the CNS as well as assisting in expression and nonverbal communication.

Question 22

The ulna is in direct contact with the carpal bones.

Question 23

Which type of grip is recommended to pick up objects for patients with upper motor neuron lesions to minimize the likelihood of spasticity?

A) Three prong chuck
B) Tip prehension
C) Lateral prehension
D) Power grip

Question 24

Mallet finger results from disruption of the ___________ tendon at the _________ joint.

A) extensor communis; DIP
B) extensor communis; PIP
C) flexor digitorum profundus; DIP
D) flexor digitorum profundus; PIP

Question 25

The extensor digitorum participates in wrist extension only when the fingers are simultaneously extended.

Question 26

The loose packed position of the MCP joints is 90 $\degree$ of flexion.

Question 27

The radius is in direct contact with the carpal bones.

Question 28

When the elbow is flexed a minimum of 15 $\degree$ , the wrist extensors are situated _______________ to the elbow axis and therefore are capable of _____________ the elbow.

A) anterior; flexing
B) posterior; flexing
C) anterior; extending
D) posterior; extending

Question 29

In the frontal plane, the abductor pollicis longus is __________ to the axis of rotation and therefore is capable of assisting with ________________.

A) medial; radial deviation
B) medial; ulnar deviation
C) lateral; radial deviation
D) lateral; ulnar deviation

Question 30

The most stable position of the wrist is full:

A) radial deviation
B) ulnar deviation
C) extension
D) flexion

Question 31

How many tendons pass through the carpal tunnel?

A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9

Question 32

The fibrocartilaginous disc, which is part of the triangular fibrocartilage complex of the wrist, is located between the:

A) radius and ulna
B) radius and proximal row of carpal bones
C) ulna and proximal row of carpal bones
D) proximal and distal rows of carpal bones

Question 33

The normal end feel for radial deviation or abduction is:

A) firm-capsular
B) empty
C) soft tissue approximation
D) hard-bony

Question 34

Patients with C6 tetraplegia grasp objects:

A) by actively flexing their digits
B) by actively extending their wrists
C) particularly well if they have their wrist flexors stretched regularly
D) are unable to grasp objects

Question 35

Which type of grip is most commonly used when picking up and holding objects for use?

A) Three prong chuck
B) Tip prehension
C) Lateral prehension
D) Power grip

Question 36

Which muscle flexes the IP joint of the thumb?

A) Flexor pollicis brevis
B) Flexor pollicis longus
C) Flexor digitorum superficialis
D) Flexor digitorum profundus

Question 37

The first two digits provide the hand with gross or strength manipulation.

Question 38

The PIP joints exhibit approximately __________ $\degree$ of motion.

A) 30
B) 60
C) 90
D) 120

Question 39

The extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris work as ______________ to perform ulnar deviation.

A) agonists
B) antagonists
C) synergists
D) These muscles do not ulnarly deviate the wrist.

Question 40

The lumbricals function to ______________ the MCP joints and ____________ the PIP joints.

A) flex; flex
B) flex; extend
C) extend; flex
D) extend; extend

Question 41

The cruciate pulleys prevent bowstringing of the long finger flexors.

Question 42

As it relates to flexion of the MCP joints, the internal moment arm of the palmar interossei is greater than that of the lumbricals.

Question 43

Abduction at the MCP joints naturally occurs when the hand is rapidly opened, fingers fully extended.

Question 44

The wrist extensors play a vital role in stabilizing the wrist when an individual makes a fist.

Question 45

All power grips incorporate use of the thumb.

Question 46

The intrinsic muscles of the hand actively function to perform light or easy closure of the fingers.

Question 47

In precision grips, the thumb is typically abducted and positioned to oppose the fingers.