Deck 24: Endocrine Disorders

Question 1

The nurse observes the final diagnosis of four clients in their case reports as given below. In which client does the nurse notice the presence of Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Answer 1

4

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a client with seizures, severely elevated blood pressure, and impaired mentation. The primary health-care provider suspects the client's condition is an endocrine disorder. A 24-hour urinalysis report shows an excess amount of catecholamine metabolites. What might be the diagnosis of the client?
1) The client has a pineal tumor.
2) The client has pheochromocytoma.
3) The client has Cushing's syndrome.
4) The client has multiple endocrine neoplasia.

Answer 2

2

Question 3

Which congenital condition occurs due to thyroid hormone deficiency during embryonic development and early neonatal life?
1) Cretinism
2) Pheochromocytoma
3) Sheehan's syndrome
4) Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Which disorder is described as the complete loss of all of the pituitary hormones?
1) Hypopituitarism
2) Panhypopituitarism
3) Sheehan's syndrome
4) Empty sella syndrome
Exhibit

Question 5

Which diagnostic test is useful for detecting hyperactivity of the thyroid gland during an evaluation of a thyroid disorder?
1) Sestamibi scan
2) Ultrasound
3) Radioactive iodine scan
4) CT scan of the anterior neck

Question 6

Which diagnostic test would be beneficial to rule out ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors in the body?
1) Chest x-ray
2) Octreotide scintigraphy
3) Contrast-enhanced MRI
4) Abdominal CT scan

Question 7

Which endocrine disorder involves treatment using antithyroid hormone medication such as propylthiouracil (PTU)?
1) Grave's disease
2) Plummer disease
3) Cushing's disease
4) Addison's disease

Question 8

A client who underwent laryngotomy presented with depression, increased sensitivity to cold, and constipation. On assessment, the nurse finds a puffy face and periorbital edema. The blood report shows a high TSH level. What does the nurse interpret from the findings?
1) The client has hypothyroidism.
2) The client has hyperthyroidism.
3) The client has hypoparathyroidism.
4) The client has hyperparathyroidism.

Question 9

A client tells the nurse, "I've been feeling excessively thirsty for the last 2 days." On examination, the nurse finds the client has poor skin turgor, low blood pressure, and dry skin. A computed tomography scan of the client's head shows a pituitary tumor. Which treatment does the nurse expect to be prescribed by the primary health-care provider?
1) Bromocriptine
2) Growth hormone
3) Arginine vasopressin
4) Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 10

Which medication does the primary health-care provider prescribe for the treatment of prolactinoma in a client with hyperpituitarism?
1) Conivaptan
2) Furosemide
3) Bromocriptine
4) Levothyroxine

Question 11

The nurse is teaching a group of student nurses about treatment strategies that are beneficial to a client with hyperparathyroidism. Which statement of the student nurse does the nurse correct?
1) "The client is prescribed calcitonin to inhibit bone breakdown."
2) "The client is prescribed calcium and vitamins for bone building."
3) "The client is advised to increase water intake to prevent kidney stones."
4) "The client is prescribed bisphosphonates to stimulate osteoclast activity."

Question 12

The nurse is caring for four clients in a health-care setting diagnosed with different endocrine disorders. Which client requires treatment by placement of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 13

A client is diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia. Which sign or symptom observed in the client indicates the presence of pituitary tumors?
1) Bone pain
2) Galactorrhea
3) Gynecomastia
4) Visual disturbances

Question 14

Which value of cortisol levels would the nurse expect to find in the laboratory report of a client with Cushing's disease?
1) 0.6 mcg/dL
2) 1.8 mcg/dL
3) 2.4 mcg/dL
4) 3.8 mcg/dL

Question 15

Which chromosomal genetic mutations are associated with the cause of pituitary adenoma?
1) PIT1
2) LHX3
3) LHX4
4) 11q13

Question 16

Which disorder is caused by an increase in the hormones that are secreted from the adrenal gland?
1) Addison's disease
2) Hypothyroidism
3) Diabetes mellitus
4) Cushing's syndrome

Question 17

Four clients are diagnosed with different endocrine disorders as given below. Which client would be prescribed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the abdomen to visualize the adrenal gland?
1) Client 1
2) Client 2
3) Client 3
4) Client 4

Question 18

Which endocrine gland is called the master gland?
1) The pineal gland
2) The adrenal gland
3) The thyroid gland
4) The pituitary gland

Question 19

The nurse finds that the symptoms of thyroid dysfunction in a client are due to abnormal pituitary activity. The client's laboratory report shows a low TSH level, which supports the nurse's finding. What type of endocrine disorder is likely present in the client?
1) Primary hypothyroidism
2) Tertiary hyperthyroidism
3) Primary hyperthyroidism
4) Secondary hypothyroidism

Question 20

Which condition exhibits "moon facies" as a characteristic symptom?
1) Myxedema
2) Graves's disease
3) Cushing's syndrome
4) Adrenal insufficiency

Question 21

While assessing a client with a pineal tumor, the nurse finds disturbed vision. Which other signs and symptoms are associated with this disorder?
1) Seizures
2) Bulging eyes
3) Conjunctivitis
4) Memory disturbances
5) Upper eyelid retraction

Question 22

Which electrolyte disturbances occur due to low levels of aldosterone?
1) Hyperkalemia
2) Hyponatremia
3) Hypercalcemia
4) Hypomagnesemia
5) Hypoglycemia

Question 23

The caregiver of a client tells the nurse, "The client has coarsening of facial features and enlarged bones in the face." On assessment of the client, the nurse finds that the client has a high blood pressure and visual impairment. Which diagnostic tests does the primary health-care provider prescribe for further confirmation?
1) Ultrasonography
2) CT scan of whole head
3) MRI scans of whole head
4) Corticotropin stimulation test
5) Blood studies of tropic hormones

Question 24

Which signs or symptoms does the nurse observe while assessing a client with diabetes insipidus?
1) Amenorrhea
2) Galactorrhea
3) Poor skin turgor
4) Orthostatic hypotension
5) Dry mucous membranes