Deck 9: Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Question 1

A body mass index (BMI)of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates which of the following?

A) obesity
B) overweight
C) normal weight
D) underweight

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is involved in signaling satiation?

A) gallbladder
B) large intestine
C) hypothalamus
D) mouth

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the name for fat that tends to accumulate around the waist?

A) total body fatness
B) central obesity
C) subcutaneous fat
D) visceral fatness

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is a health risk associated with excess body fat?

A) Lou Gherig's disease
B) thyroid disease
C) diverticular disease
D) gallbladder disease

Question 5

In the early stage of food deprivation,which of the following nutrients can be used to meet the energy requirements of the nervous system?

A) calcium
B) iron
C) fat
D) protein

Question 6

Which of the following is a health risk associated with insufficient body fat?

A) increased risk of death from cancer
B) increased risk of developing hypertension
C) increased risk for individuals fighting a wasting disease
D) increased risk during hospitalization

Question 7

Which of the following results from a low-calorie diet?

A) lean tissue loss
B) loss of appetite
C) ketosis
D) fast weight loss

Question 8

One pound (half a kilogram)of body fat is equal to how many calories?

A) 2,500 calories
B) 3,000 calories
C) 3,500 calories
D) 4,000 calories

Question 9

What is the name of the theory that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal controls?

A) enzyme theory
B) set-point theory
C) fat cell theory
D) thermogenesis theory

Question 10

Which of the following hormones is directly linked with both appetite and body fatness?

A) epinephrine
B) insulin
C) leptin
D) ghrelin

Question 11

Which of the following processes allows a healthy person,starting with average body fat,to live totally deprived of food for as long as six to eight weeks?

A) metabolism
B) acidosis
C) thermogenesis
D) ketosis

Question 12

Which of the following raises a person's basal metabolic rate?

A) older age
B) fever
C) malnutrition
D) starvation

Question 13

On average,in a woman of normal weight,fat makes up at least what percentage of her total body weight?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 20%

Question 14

Which of the following eating disorders most readily responds to treatment?

A) pica
B) bulimia
C) anorexia
D) binge eating disorder

Question 15

At what time of day do people generally weigh the least?

A) after going to the washroom
B) before bed
C) before breakfast
D) after exercising

Question 16

Excess fat in what area of the body represents a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body.

A) chest
B) central abdominal area
C) hips
D) shoulders

Question 17

What is the name given to foods that stressed people favour?

A) mood foods
B) comfort foods
C) calming foods
D) comforting foods

Question 18

The staple foods of high-protein/low-carbohydrate diets clearly raise a person's risk for which of the following conditions?

A) cancer
B) heart and artery disease
C) osteoporosis
D) kidney disease

Question 19

Which of the following is a typical characteristic of successful weight maintainers?

A) consuming calories after 6:00 p.m.to store glycogen
B) keeping track of food intake
C) rapid weight loss,followed by a gradual slowing down of weight loss
D) omitting breakfast

Question 20

What is the name given to the psychological desire to eat?

A) hunger
B) starvation
C) obesity
D) appetite

Question 21

Why do women require substantially higher amounts of fat tissue?

A) Women do NOT consume as many calories as men.
B) Women burn more calories than men.
C) Women require more fat tissue to stay warm.
D) Women require fat for reproduction.

Question 22

What is the term for the change in energy expenditure induced by factors such as changes in ambient temperature and food intake?

A) satiation
B) adaptive thermogenesis
C) thermic effect of food
D) set point theory

Question 23

The Body Mass Index defines average relative weight for height in people over what age?

A) 19 years
B) 20 years
C) 21 years
D) 22 years

Question 24

The fatfold test uses which of the following tools to assess fat levels?

A) bioelectrical impedance
B) a measuring tape
C) weigh scales
D) calipers

Question 25

Human infants have an abundant amount of which of the following fats?

A) white fat
B) cellulite
C) brown fat
D) adipocytes

Question 26

Which of the following sustains satiety longer?

A) foods high in protein
B) foods high in simple carbohydrates
C) foods high in omega-3 fatty acids
D) foods high in calcium

Question 27

Johnnie's father weighs 75 kg and is 1.80 metres in height,while his mother weighs 66 kilograms and is 1.57 metres in height.What are Johnnie's chances of becoming obese?

A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%

Question 28

Mary used to have a waist circumference of 75 centimetres,but her waist circumference is now 97 centimetres.Based on this information,which of the following conclusions would you come to?

A) She has a large amount of subcutaneous fat.
B) She does NOT have an increased risk for disease.
C) She does not perform any type of spot reduction exercises.
D) She develops fat centrally.

Question 29

About how much glycogen does the body store?

A) pound
B) pound
C) pound
D) 1 pound

Question 30

Normally,how many hours pass after eating before one becomes hungry again?

A) 1-2 hours
B) 2-3 hours
C) 3-5 hours
D) 4-6 hours

Question 31

Which of the following pharmaceutical treatments for obesity is the only product to have FDA approval?

A) phenylpropanolamine
B) benzocaine
C) ephedrine
D) sibutramine

Question 32

Which of the following measurements has replaced weight-for-height tables in clinical settings?

A) fatfold test
B) body mass index (BMI)
C) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
D) bioelectrical impedance

Question 33

Body mass index (BMI)is NOT suitable for use with which of the following groups?

A) adolescents
B) vegetarians
C) pregnant women
D) people with chronic diseases,such as diabetes

Question 34

Which of the following values tells a person how many calories they need in a day?

A) estimated energy requirement (EER)
B) body mass index (BMI)
C) thermic effect of food (TEF)
D) basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Question 35

Which of the following strategies would help a lean person gain weight?

A) eating a higher percentage of calories from fat
B) eating more often
C) decreasing physical activity
D) eating faster

Question 36

What advice would you give to someone who is trying to gain weight?

A) Skip dessert.
B) Drink black coffee.
C) Drink beverages with meals.
D) Choose milkshakes instead of milk.

Question 37

Which of the following body tissues secretes the hormone leptin,which is involved in appetite regulation?

A) lipase tissue
B) adipose
C) adipocytes
D) cellulite

Question 38

Susie has been overweight for many years.She tends to eat when she is not really hungry and eats more food when she is angry or depressed.Which of the following could explain Susie's overweight problem?

A) external cues
B) enzyme cues
C) fat cell number theory
D) set-point theory

Question 39

You are weighing a team of football players and,according to body mass index (BMI)values,they appear to be obese.Which of the following conclusions would you most likely arrive at?

A) Their muscle weight is probably responsible for their elevated scale weights.
B) They are using supplements to gain muscle.
C) Their bones are still growing,which contributes to their weight.
D) Most of them are probably obese and should make efforts to lose weight.

Question 40

Which of the following strategies would help an obese person lose weight?

A) taking a dietary supplement that contains ephedrine
B) having surgery,such as a gastric bypass
C) taking an herbal supplement
D) having liposuction or lipectomy

Question 41

What is the term for the state in which body weight remains stable because the amount of energy consumed equals the amount of energy expended?

A) balanced weight
B) balanced energy level
C) energy balance
D) weight balance

Question 42

You have just finished your evening meal; however,an apple pie has just come out of the oven.What is the name for the pleasure molecules that create an appetite for a piece of this pie?

A) endorphins
B) melatonin
C) serotonin
D) epinephrine

Question 43

Herbal laxatives containing senna,aloe,rhubarb root,and castor oil will result in a one or two pound loss in weight.What causes this?

A) loss of fat
B) loss of protein
C) loss of carbohydrate
D) loss of water

Question 44

Which of the following terms describes the type of fat that is stored directly under the skin?

A) cellulite
B) visceral fat
C) subdermal fat
D) subcutaneous fat

Question 45

Which of the following is one of the components of the "female athlete triad" of medical problems?

A) osteomalacia
B) excess supplement abuse
C) amenorrhea
D) purging with laxatives and vomiting twice a day

Question 46

Which of the following eating disorders is the most dangerous from a medical perspective?

A) obesity nervosa
B) anorexia nervosa
C) purging nervosa
D) bulimia nervosa

Question 47

What complication can follow after surgery to treat obesity?

A) increased need for supplements
B) decreased insulin production
C) decreased immunity
D) increased infections

Question 48

What is the name for the alteration of behaviour using methods derived from the theory that actions can be controlled by manipulating the environmental factors that trigger actions?

A) yo-yo dieting
B) behaviour modification
C) breaking habits
D) behaviour substitution

Question 49

Which of the following is a consequence of a diet low in carbohydrate?

A) sufficient glycogen to support vigorous physical activity.
B) impaired mood
C) increased initial loss of fat
D) appetite is suppressed

Question 50

What is the term for the eating disorder that is characterized by refusing to maintain a minimally normal body weight and having a disturbed perception of body weight and shape?

A) female athlete triad
B) anorexia nervosa
C) disordered eating
D) pica

Question 51

What is the name for fat that collects deep within the central abdominal area of the body?

A) visceral fat
B) viox fat
C) subcutaneous fat
D) central fat

Question 52

Which of the following is a key symptom for the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

A) weight loss
B) amenorrhea
C) distorted body image
D) fear of gaining weight

Question 53

Immediately after a workout,which of the following nutrients suppresses appetite and releases glucose is from storage to fuel exercise?

A) lipids
B) water
C) protein
D) calcium

Question 54

What is the name for repeated rounds of weight loss and subsequent regain,with reduced ability to lose weight after each cycle?

A) weight psychology management
B) weight loss management
C) weight cycling
D) weight behaviourism

Question 55

According to a recent study,a healthy body weight was associated with intake from low-fat sources of which of the following?

A) calcium
B) protein
C) chocolate
D) beverages

Question 56

Which of the following groups is LESS prone to develop the "apple" profile of central obesity?

A) women in their late reproductive years
B) men of all ages
C) women who are post menopausal
D) smokers

Question 57

What is the method used to assesses body fat and also used in the evaluation of osteoporosis?

A) underwater weighing
B) air displacement
C) dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
D) bioelectrical impedance

Question 58

Anorexia nervosa is most prevalent among which of the following groups?

A) adolescent boys and girls
B) adolescent girls and young women
C) elderly women
D) adult men who exercise

Question 59

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of people with bulimia?

A) They eat high-protein foods without realizing it.
B) They typically consume 2,000 calories per binge.
C) They are of a lower socio-economic status.
D) They believe that weight and shape are central to self-concept.

Question 60

Which of the following diseases is LESS common among people who are obese?

A) gallbladder disease
B) hypertension
C) diabetes
D) macular degeneration

Question 61

Which of the following activities do many adolescents take up to control their weight?

A) drinking alcohol
B) eating high sodium foods
C) smoking
D) consuming dairy products

Question 62

Identify three groups of people who are more prone to develop central obesity.Why is fat that collects in the central abdominal area of the body especially dangerous?

Question 63

Which of the following is used by bulimics to induce vomiting?

A) anticoagulants
B) diuretics
C) emetics
D) antidepressants

Question 64

Taller people need proportionately more energy than shorter people to balance their energy budgets.

Question 65

Bulimia is more prevalent than anorexia nervosa and is more common in women than men.

Question 66

Which of the following is an acceptable treatment for people with bulimia?

A) changing their attitudes about body weight and shape
B) hospitalizing them
C) vigorous exercise
D) restrictive dieting

Question 67

How would you respond to an advertisement for a weight-loss diet that claims that eating certain foods can elevate the basal metabolic rate (BMR)and thus promote weight loss? How can someone change his or her BMR?

Question 68

The DRI committee's "active lifestyle" category requires walking for how long per day?

A) 30 minutes
B) 60 minutes
C) 90 minutes
D) 120 minutes

Question 69

Which of the following stomach hormones,along with a contracting stomach and an empty small intestine,triggers hunger?

A) ghrelin
B) grenlin
C) gastrin
D) leptin

Question 70

What name is given to the situation in which a dieter undergoes endless cycles of weight loss and regain?

A) yo-yo dieting
B) fad dieting
C) weight roundabout
D) weight treadmill

Question 71

Society plays a role in eating disorders because they are known only in developed nations and they become more prevalent as wealth increases and food becomes plentiful.

Question 72

An expenditure of how many calories per week via physical activities will assist with weight management?

A) 1,000 calories
B) 1,500 calories
C) 2,000 calories
D) 2,500 calories

Question 73

Waist circumference indicates visceral fatness,and,above a certain girth,disease risks rise even when body mass index (BMI)values are normal.

Question 74

Sally has a body mass index (BMI)of 32.0.Which of the following categories is she considered to be in?

A) high risk category
B) obese category,class 1
C) overweight category
D) normal weight category

Question 75

Lean tissue is less metabolically active than fat tissue.

Question 76

People who have healthy body weights consume more carbohydrate-rich foods.

Question 77

Physical activity must be long and arduous to achieve fat loss.

Question 78

Exercise can remove the fat from any one particular area of the body.

Question 79

For someone with at least one obese parent,the chance of becoming obese is estimated to be between 20 and 30 percent.

Question 80

Genetic makeup greatly influences how efficiently the body uses up or stores energy.