Question 1

People experiencing chronic stress tend to be more susceptible to infections due to a(n):&#10;A)increase in glucocorticoids in the brain.&#10;B)increase in serotonin production in the brain.&#10;C)reduction in catecholamines in the bloodstream.&#10;D)reduction in adrenocorticotropic hormone production.

Accepted Answer

Chronic stress leads to an increase in glucocorticoid hormones such as cortisol. These hormones suppress the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections.

Question 2

The idea of a &#34;sick role&#34; states that:&#10;A)pretending to be sick is negatively reinforced.&#10;B)there is a socially recognized set of rights and obligations linked with illness.&#10;C)most observable responses to pain are not due to painful stimuli but instead due to sociocultural expectancies.&#10;D)those who adopt the norms associated with being sick are necessarily malingering.

Accepted Answer

The idea of a "sick role" was introduced by sociologist Talcott Parsons and proposes that when an individual is sick, there is a socially recognized set of rights and obligations linked with that illness. These rights and obligations include being exempt from normal social roles and expectations, being regarded as unable to carry out normal duties, and being obliged to seek help from a medical professional. This concept recognizes the way that illness can affect an individual's ability to function within society and provides a framework for how society should respond to those who are sick.

Question 3

After experiencing a traumatic event,such as living or working in a war zone or being physically attacked,it is NOT uncommon to develop:&#10;A)a Type B behavior pattern.&#10;B)high blood pressure but no psychological disturbances.&#10;C)posttraumatic stress disorder.&#10;D)an autoimmune disease.

Accepted Answer

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychological disorder that can develop after experiencing a traumatic event. Symptoms of PTSD may include flashbacks, avoidance behaviors, hyperarousal, and mood disturbances. It is important to seek professional help if you are experiencing symptoms of PTSD.

Question 4

It is probably easier to deal with the stress of an upcoming finals paper than to deal with the stress experienced from getting a bad haircut because you:&#10;A)have some control over your grades by putting more or less effort into your work.&#10;B)have some control over the type of haircut you can get.&#10;C)have little control over what kind of grade you get on a paper.&#10;D)find it easier dealing with external stressors than with internal stressors.

Accepted Answer

You have control over your grades through the amount of effort you put into studying and preparing for the paper, unlike a bad haircut, which is largely out of your control once it's done.

Question 5

Which 50-year-old man is MOST likely to suffer from coronary heart disease?&#10;A)Jorge,who is an extrovert and likes to go out with friends&#10;B)Jack,who is 5 pounds overweight&#10;C)Leo,who smokes a cigarette a day&#10;D)Brett,who physically confronts people when they get in his way

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which 50-year-old man is MOST likely to...

Question 6

Which strategy is probably the MOST effective way to deal with stress across one's life span?&#10;A)maintaining a highly emotional state of mind&#10;B)having an alcoholic drink or two per day&#10;C)displacing anger by reacting with rage toward inanimate objects&#10;D)having social support through family or friends

Accepted Answer

Having social support through family or friends is the most effective way to deal with stress across one's lifespan as it provides a sense of belonging, comfort and encouragement. Social support systems can offer different types of support such as emotional, informational, and tangible support that help individuals cope with stressors.

Question 7

The term &#34;somatoform disorders&#34; was used to imply that:&#10;A)the brain can override any physical illness and thus cause the body to heal itself.&#10;B)biological changes always underlie psychological disorders.&#10;C)cognitive powers cannot affect physiology without an underlying biological cause.&#10;D)the mind can produce physical illness.

Accepted Answer

The term "somatoform disorders" refers to a group of disorders in which physical symptoms cannot be fully explained by a medical condition and are believed to be caused by psychological factors, such as stress and anxiety. This implies that the mind can indeed produce physical illness.

Question 8

Studies have indicated that aerobic exercise promotes psychological well-being,which is MOST likely due to a(n):&#10;A)decrease in the body's fat reserves.&#10;B)increase in the body's serotonin production.&#10;C)decrease in the body's endogenous opioid production.&#10;D)increase in the availability of oxygen to body tissues.

Accepted Answer

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is associated with positive mood, and exercise has been shown to increase serotonin production. Therefore, the increase in the body's serotonin production is the most likely reason why aerobic exercise promotes psychological well-being.

Question 9

Women who are involved in intense physical training,such as long-distance running,sometimes stop menstruating,and their bodies shut down other processes not necessary for immediate survival.What phase of the general adaptation syndrome does this phenomenon BEST describe?

A)alarm
B)resistance
C)exhaustion
D)fight-or-flight

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is best described by the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome, where the body adapts to prolonged stress by conserving energy and shutting down non-essential functions like menstruation.

Question 10

One technique for coping with stress,known as _____,is to avoid thinking about or experiencing the situation that makes you stressed and to convince yourself to think positive thoughts instead.&#10;A)repressive coping&#10;B)rational coping&#10;C)stress inoculation&#10;D)burnout

Accepted Answer

Repressive coping involves avoiding or denying stress-inducing situations and emotions. This can involve trying to convince oneself to think positively instead, which is consistent with the description given in the question. However, repressive coping is generally considered to be a less effective coping strategy over the long term, as it does not address the root causes of stress and can lead to negative psychological and physical consequences.

Question 11

Which factor is MOST likely to be a chronic stressor?&#10;A)a friend's wedding day&#10;B)a mild flu&#10;C)financial difficulties&#10;D)attending an athletic event

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which factor is MOST likely to be...

Question 12

Which factor has the HIGHEST stress rating on the College Undergraduate Stress Scale?&#10;A)finals week&#10;B)confrontations with professors&#10;C)financial difficulties&#10;D)difficulties with roommates

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which factor has the HIGHEST stress rating...

Question 13

In one study,business executives who scored very high on the index of stressful life events seemed impervious to the physical effects of stress in that they had few illnesses.However,they all shared the personality characteristic of:

A)hardiness.
B)self-regulation.
C)optimism.
D)sensation-seeking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In one study,business executives who scored very...

Question 14

Trying to determine if a stressor is a threat or a challenge occurs during:&#10;A)primary appraisal.&#10;B)secondary appraisal.&#10;C)Type A analysis.&#10;D)rational coping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Trying to determine if a stressor is...

Question 15

During a fight-or-flight response,the _____ release(s)_____.&#10;A)hypothalamus;cortisol&#10;B)adrenal glands;ACTH&#10;C)hypothalamus;catecholamines&#10;D)pituitary gland;ACTH

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a fight-or-flight response,the _____ release(s)_____.&#10;A)hypothalamus;cortisol&#10;B)adrenal glands;ACTH&#10;C)hypothalamus;catecholamines&#10;D)pituitary...

Deck 14: Web Quiz 2