Deck 12: Social Psychology

Question 1

Studies have found the degree of conformity to be greater in __________ cultures.

A)collectivistic
B)individualistic
C)Western
D)European

Answer 1

collectivistic

Question 2

Sets of assumptions that people have about how different types of people,personality traits,and actions are all related to each other are called __________.

A)social categorization.
B)implicit personality theories.
C)urban legends.
D)stereotypes.

Answer 2

implicit personality theories.

Question 3

The "Robber's Cave" experiment showed the value of __________ in combating prejudice.

A)"jigsaw classrooms"
B)equal status contact
C)subordinate goals
D)stereotyping vulnerability

Answer 3

equal status contact

Question 4

The self-fulfilling prophecy is a negative outcome of __________.

A)social identity.
B)reference grouping.
C)scapegoating.
D)stereotype vulnerability.

Question 5

Researchers have found that a __________ degree of fear in a message makes it more effective,particularly when it is combined with __________.

A)maximum;information about how to prevent the fearful consequences
B)minimum;threats
C)moderate;threats
D)moderate;information about how to prevent the fearful consequences

Question 6

Jerry goes to a lot of dog races because he enjoys them and loves to see the dogs run.For Jerry,going to the dog races a lot represents the __________ component of an attitude.

A)psychological
B)behavioral
C)cognitive
D)affective

Question 7

Sandy loves to play pool and has become quite good at the game.Lately,she has noticed that she seems to play better when there are people watching her than when she is playing alone.This difference in Sandy's playing is most likely the result of __________.

A)social facilitation.
B)social impairment.
C)social loafing.
D)social laziness.

Question 8

If behavior is assumed to be caused by internal personality characteristics,this is known as __________.

A)a situational cause.
B)a dispositional cause.
C)a fundamental attribution error.
D)actor-observer bias.

Question 9

The people with whom a person identifies most strongly are called the __________.

A)referent group.
B)in-group.
C)out-group.
D)"them" group.

Question 10

Gerard goes to his job interview dressed in patched blue jeans,a torn t-shirt,and sandals.His hair is uncombed and he hasn't shaved in a few days.Obviously,Gerard knows nothing about __________.

A)cognitive dissonance.
B)attitude formation.
C)impression formation.
D)groupthink.

Question 11

The __________ explanation of prejudice assumes that the same processes that help form other attitudes form prejudiced attitudes.

A)scapegoat
B)authoritarian
C)social cognitive
D)psychodynamic

Question 12

Some researchers believe that Milgram's results were a form of the __________ technique of persuasion.

A)foot-in-the-door
B)door-in-the-face
C)lowball
D)that's-not-all

Question 13

Maria's fellow professor asked her to teach an honors class in the spring.Maria agreed only to find out after agreeing that teaching such a course also meant that she would have to attend meetings of the honors professors,go to honors-oriented conventions,and take on special advising duties.Maria had fallen victim to the __________ technique.

A)foot-in-the-door
B)door-in-the-face
C)lowball
D)that's-not-all

Question 14

To prevent groupthink,members of a group should do all but which of the following?

A)Have the leader of the group remain impartial.
B)Seek outside opinions.
C)Discourage questions and alternate solutions.
D)Use secret ballots.

Question 15

Patrick is very proud of his Irish heritage and thinks of himself as an Irish American.Patrick has a strong __________.

A)social identity.
B)reference group.
C)social category.
D)stereotype vulnerability.

Question 16

Prejudice and discrimination are least likely to develop in which of the following situations?

A)two different groups of immigrants competing for jobs
B)two different religious groups,in which each believes that its religion is the right one
C)two different groups,with one group being blamed for the economic difficulties of the other
D)two different groups dealing with the aftermath of a hurricane

Question 17

Sandy was a juror in the trial for a man accused of stealing guns from a sporting goods store.The defendant was not very wellspoken and came from a very poor background,but Sandy listened carefully to the evidence presented and made her decision based on that.Sandy was using __________ processing.

A)central-route
B)peripheral-route
C)cognitive-route
D)visual-route

Question 18

Sarah found her soul mate,Jon,when she moved to a small town in Florida.According to research in interpersonal attraction,the most likely explanation for them to "find" each other is __________.

A)karma.
B)personal attractiveness.
C)fate.
D)proximity.

Question 19

The public service messages that encourage parents to sit down with their children and talk frankly about drugs are promoting which method of attitude formation?

A)direct contact
B)direct instruction
C)vicarious conditioning
D)observational learning

Question 20

Which of the following is not one of the three things people do to reduce cognitive dissonance?

A)change their behavior
B)change their attitude
C)form a new attitude
D)ignore the conflict

Question 21

Cries for help,shouting,and loud noises all help with which step in the decision process for helping?

A)noticing
B)defining an emergency
C)taking responsibility
D)taking action

Question 22

The concept of aggression as a basic human instinct driving people to destructive acts was part of early __________ theory.

A)humanistic
B)behavioral
C)psychoanalytical
D)cognitive

Question 23

Cults use all of the following except __________ to gain new members.

A)love-bombing
B)isolation
C)"foot-in-the-door" technique
D)talking with parents of the recruit

Question 24

According to Sternberg,married (committed)people who also have intimacy and passion are in the form of love called __________ love.

A)companionate
B)romantic
C)affectionate
D)consummate

Question 25

To which two processes do most social psychologists attribute the failure of Kitty Genovese's neighbors to help her?

A)bystander effect and altruism
B)aggression and diffusion of responsibility
C)altruism and diffusion of responsibility
D)bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility

Question 26

The neurotransmitter that seems most involved in aggression is __________.

A)testosterone.
B)serotonin.
C)dopamine.
D)norepinephrine.

Question 27

Violent video games have been blamed for all but which of the following?

A)increased levels of aggression in children
B)increased levels of aggression in adolescents
C)increased levels of altruism in children
D)increased incidents of school shootings