Deck 9: D: Intelligence and Iq Testing

Question 1

Which theorist stated that "intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure"?

A)Edwin Boring
B)Sir Francis Galton
C)Alfred Binet
D)Charles Spearman

Answer 1

Edwin Boring

Question 2

The original purpose of the first intelligence test was to

A)identify which children were likely to do well in school.
B)identify which students were in need of accelerated instruction.
C)identify which children were likely to benefit from vocational education.
D)identify areas of academic weakness in grade school children.

Answer 2

identify areas of academic weakness in grade school children.

Question 3

According to Galton's hypothesis,intelligence is

A)whatever intelligence tests measure.
B)a genetic trait that remains uninfluenced by the environment.
C)the by-product of sensory capacity.
D)an adaptive mechanism that increases reproductive potential.

Answer 3

the by-product of sensory capacity.

Question 4

The cousin of Charles Darwin who was interested in the potential adaptive advantages of high intellect was

A)Alfred Binet.
B)Sir Francis Galton.
C)Henri Simon.
D)James Cattell.

Question 5

As discussed in the opening vignette of the chapter,Chris Langan was believed to have an IQ of __________ and considered a(n)__________ as a child.

A)80;autistic savant
B)100;existentialist
C)150;abstract thinker
D)195;prodigy

Question 6

According to Spearman,it is one's __________ intelligence that produces the positive correlations found between math,reading scores,and visual perception tests.

A)crystallized
B)fluid
C)emotional
D)general

Question 7

Alfred Binet designed the first __________ test.

A)aptitude
B)intelligence
C)achievement
D)perception

Question 8

Binet and Simon's intelligence test did not include __________ items as a subtest area.

A)verbal comprehension
B)object assembly
C)short-term memory
D)vocabulary

Question 9

In non-Western countries,laypeople view intelligence as reflecting __________ more than intellectual brilliance.

A)wisdom and judgment
B)cross-domain skills
C)specific skills and abilities
D)crystallized knowledge

Question 10

The capacity to understand hypothetical concepts is called __________ thinking.

A)prospective
B)abstract
C)retrospective
D)intuitive

Question 11

Measuring intelligence by testing is a rather new concept in the history of the world.The idea of such testing came from

A)France.
B)the United States.
C)the United Kingdom.
D)the Soviet Union.

Question 12

Research has demonstrated that measures of sensory ability are not highly correlated with assessments of overall intelligence.These findings contradict Galton's and Cattell's claims about intelligence.Which principle of scientific thinking is relevant to their theory and these findings?

A)Correlation versus causation
B)Occam's razor
C)Ruling out rival hypothesis
D)Falsifiability

Question 13

Which scholar(s)was/were credited with developing the first intelligence test?

A)Galton and Cattell
B)Binet and Simon
C)Spearman
D)Thurstone,Cattell,and Horn

Question 14

According to a panel of experts in 1921,intelligence consists of the abilities to do all of the following except

A)reason concretely.
B)learn to adapt to environmental circumstances.
C)acquire knowledge.
D)benefit from experience.

Question 15

__________ refers to the idea that intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure.

A)Spearman's general intelligence
B)Cattell's fluid intelligence
C)Boring's dictum
D)Gardner's multiple intelligences

Question 16

Who would have supported the notion that intelligence resulted from a single ability and could be represented by a single test score?

A)Binet
B)Spearman
C)Sternberg
D)Gardner

Question 17

Galton's intelligence test items are to __________ as Binet and Simon's intelligence test items are to __________.

A)abstract thinking;concrete thinking
B)general intelligence;specific intelligences
C)sensation;higher mental processes
D)crystallized intelligence;fluid intelligence

Question 18

According to Spearman,higher generalized intelligence corresponded to people who had

A)diverse sensory capabilities.
B)more mental energy.
C)both fluid and crystallized intelligence.
D)developmental disorders.

Question 19

Binet and Galton would have likely disagreed about

A)the extent to which intelligence tests were objective measures.
B)the extent to which intelligence tests were reliable.
C)the extent to which tests can measure intelligence.
D)the extent to which our senses influence intelligence.

Question 20

Lucy has been blind from birth and is getting her intelligence tested through the school board to determine what resources she will need to succeed in school.According to Galton's original ideas about intelligence,Lucy would be expected to

A)demonstrate normal intelligence because intelligence is crystallized.
B)have limited intelligence because her sensory capabilities are limited.
C)demonstrate high intelligence because all her senses other than vision would be more specialized.
D)display advanced abilities for abstract thinking but difficulties with concrete thought.

Question 21

Charles Spearman believed that intelligence is composed of

A)verbal and mathematical abilities.
B)crystallized and visual-motor abilities.
C)general intelligence and specific abilities.
D)analytical,creative,and practical intelligence.

Question 22

A theory of intelligence with eight components was postulated by

A)Gardner.
B)Spearman.
C)Sternberg.
D)Terman.

Question 23

Which of these is one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?

A)Poetic
B)Digital
C)Creative
D)Naturalistic

Question 24

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences divides intelligence into __________ independent abilities.

A)three
B)five
C)seven
D)eight

Question 25

Dean is learning how to drive a car,whereas Martin has been driving for several years.In this example,Dean would be using __________ intelligence and Martin would be relying on __________ intelligence.

A)specific;general
B)general;specific
C)fluid;crystallized
D)crystallized;fluid

Question 26

Which type of intelligence has been moderately and positively associated with the personality trait of openness to experience?

A)general
B)crystallized
C)specific
D)fluid

Question 27

The idea that intelligence varied according to g and s factors was proposed by

A)Galton.
B)Cattell.
C)Binet and Simon.
D)Spearman.

Question 28

Because Ben's history professor was a college student during the 1970s,he has extraordinary insight and knowledge of facts concerning the Vietnam War era.This knowledge is associated with the term

A)multiple intelligence.
B)general intelligence.
C)fluid intelligence.
D)crystallized intelligence.

Question 29

Nigel is a contestant on the game show Jeopardy!.In order to accurately answer the numerous trivia questions on the show,Nigel will be utilizing his __________ intelligence.

A)general
B)crystallized
C)practical
D)fluid

Question 30

The type of intelligence that allows you to learn to play your first few notes on a saxophone is called

A)emotional intelligence.
B)abstract intelligence.
C)crystallized intelligence.
D)fluid intelligence.

Question 31

Gardner argued that __________ provide support for his concept of multiple intelligences.

A)blind persons
B)autistic savants
C)schizophrenia patients
D)twin studies

Question 32

According to Gardner's view of multiple intelligences,someone who is a physiotherapist would have high __________ intelligence.

A)bodily-kinesthetic
B)naturalistic
C)linguistic
D)intrapersonal

Question 33

Theresa is 83,whereas her co-worker Marvin is 35.What can be said concerning their levels of intelligence in relation to their age?

A)Theresa has more fluid and crystallized intelligence than Marvin.
B)Marvin has less fluid intelligence but more crystallized intelligence than Theresa.
C)Theresa has less fluid intelligence but more crystallized intelligence than Marvin.
D)Marvin has more fluid and crystallized intelligence than Theresa.

Question 34

Research has demonstrated that __________ intelligence declines with age.

A)general
B)crystallized
C)specific
D)fluid

Question 35

According to Gardner's view of multiple intelligences,a person who understands and possesses insight into themselves would have high __________ intelligence.

A)interpersonal
B)naturalistic
C)linguistic
D)intrapersonal

Question 36

According to Gardner's view of multiple intelligences,someone who is an artist would have high __________ intelligence.

A)bodily-kinesthetic
B)naturalistic
C)spatial
D)musical

Question 37

According to Gardner's view of multiple intelligences,someone who is a veterinarian would have high __________ intelligence.

A)bodily-kinesthetic
B)naturalistic
C)spatial
D)intrapersonal

Question 38

The capacity to learn new ways to solve problems is called __________ intelligence.

A)aptitude
B)abstract
C)crystallized
D)fluid

Question 39

Our accumulated knowledge of the world over time is called __________ intelligence.

A)aptitude
B)abstract
C)crystallized
D)fluid

Question 40

Mark is trying to reason through several spatial problems on an intelligence test.According to Spearman,Mark's ability to solve the problems will depend on

A)how fluid or crystallized his intelligence is.
B)what types of multiple intelligences he has excelled at in the past.
C)his general problem-solving ability and specific talents with spatial tasks.
D)his level of analytical intelligence and logical thought.

Question 41

According to Robert Sternberg,__________ is the ability to deal with new and different concepts and to come up with new ways of solving problems (divergent thinking,in other words).

A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)exponential intelligence

Question 42

According to Gardner's theory,Picasso's talents are associated with which form of intelligence?

A)Linguistic
B)Logical
C)Spatial
D)Naturalistic

Question 43

Which of the following is one of the three areas of intelligence described by Sternberg?

A)Linguistic
B)Practical
C)Spatial
D)Exponential

Question 44

According to Gardner's multiple intelligences,a philosopher would rely on __________ intelligence whereas an engineer would utilize __________ intelligence.

A)linguistic;spatial
B)naturalistic;kinesthetic
C)intrapersonal;logico-mathematical
D)interpersonal;spatial

Question 45

Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg agree to be interviewed together on the topic of intelligence.At the end of the interview,what do you conclude is their major point of agreement?

A)Heredity is the major factor determining intelligence.
B)Standardized tests do not assess the many facets of intelligence.
C)There is no correlation between intelligence quotients and academic success in grade school.
D)The concept of intelligence serves no purpose in a society in which computers are so frequently used.

Question 46

According to Robert Sternberg,__________ refers to the ability to break problems down into component parts,or analysis,for problem solving.This is the type of intelligence that is measured by intelligence tests and academic achievement tests.

A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)exponential intelligence

Question 47

Stephanie's friends describe her as someone who has the uncanny ability to say the right thing at the right time whenever someone is in need.According to Gardner,Stephanie's skills may reflect a type of __________ intelligence.

A)interpersonal
B)naturalistic
C)intrapersonal
D)emotional

Question 48

Mr.Cutty is a businessman who is running intelligence tests on potential employees to determine whom would be the best to hire and have the highest job performance.According to Sternberg.which types of intelligence should Mr.Cutty be interested in?

A)Analytical and linguistic intelligences
B)Practical and creative intelligences
C)Specific and intrapersonal intelligences
D)Crystallized and analytical intelligences

Question 49

Gardner and his associates are known for proposing

A)the generalized theory of intelligence.
B)the triarchic theory of intelligence.
C)the theory of multiple intelligences.
D)the theory of emotional intelligence.

Question 50

Marcos,a geology professor,has always been fascinated by the study of fossils,shells,and rock formations.According to Gardner,Marcos is strong in the area of __________ intelligence.

A)naturalistic
B)kinesthetic
C)logical
D)spatial

Question 51

What three types of intelligence constitute Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

A)Global,intuitive,and special
B)General,global,and specific
C)Analytical,creative,and practical
D)Mathematical,reasoning,and verbal

Question 52

Sternberg is to Spearman as __________ is to __________.

A)general (g)intelligence;practical intelligence
B)analytical intelligence;general (g)intelligence
C)multiple intelligences;specific abilities
D)creative intelligence;crystallized intelligence

Question 53

According to Robert Sternberg,__________ is best described as "street smarts," or the ability to use information to get along in life.People who have it know how to be tactful,how to manipulate situations to their advantage,and how to use inside information to increase their odds of success.

A)analytical intelligence
B)creative intelligence
C)practical intelligence
D)exponential intelligence

Question 54

Sternberg has found that __________ intelligence is a good predictor of success in life but has a low relationship to __________ intelligence.

A)practical;analytical
B)practical;creative
C)analytical;practical
D)academic;creative

Question 55

Foster hasn't performed as well as he could have in school,but he seems to have a good head on his shoulders,does well at work,understands others,and could be said to have "street smarts." In this example,what type of intelligence is most applicable to Foster?

A)Creative intelligence
B)General intelligence
C)Naturalistic intelligence
D)Practical intelligence

Question 56

Sven is especially skilled when it comes to chart reading,map reading,and graph reading tasks.According to Gardner,Sven's skills reflect __________ intelligence.

A)logico-mathematical
B)spatial
C)linguistic
D)naturalistic

Question 57

Sternberg's __________ model of intelligence offers a theory of multiple intelligences.

A)crystallized
B)fluid
C)triarchic
D)triangular

Question 58

Which one of the following was tentatively proposed by Gardner as a possible ninth type of intelligence?

A)Musical
B)Interpersonal
C)Holistic
D)Existential

Question 59

Shalissa is described as being tactful and able to manipulate situations to her advantage.She is probably high in

A)analytical intelligence.
B)creative intelligence.
C)practical intelligence.
D)exponential intelligence.

Question 60

According to Robert Sternberg,which type of intelligence is least likely to predict success in an academic environment?

A)Analytical intelligence
B)Creative intelligence
C)Practical intelligence
D)Exponential intelligence

Question 61

Danille and Tanya have both scored highly on an intelligence test,whereas Andrea and Ashlee scored much lower on the intelligence test.All four women are participating in an experiment that requires them to respond as quickly as possible to the presence of a stimulus by pushing a button on a keyboard.Which two women will likely have the lowest reaction times?

A)Andrea and Ashlee
B)Ashlee and Tanya
C)Danille and Andrea
D)Tanya and Danille

Question 62

Recent research evidence suggests that people with poor cognitive skills are especially likely to overestimate their intellectual abilities,a phenomenon known as

A)the double curse of incompetence.
B)metacognitive skills.
C)deviation IQ.
D)positive eugenics.

Question 63

Dallas is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of 10 years.His IQ would be

A)80.
B)100.
C)115.
D)130.

Question 64

William Stern's formula for the intelligence quotient was mental age divided by chronological age and then multiplied by 100.What is the IQ of a 12-year-old with a mental age of nine?

A)125
B)135
C)75
D)85

Question 65

Twelve-year-old Arnold received an IQ test score of 75.What is his mental age?

A)Seven
B)Five
C)10
D)Nine

Question 66

Jordan is a 10-year-old boy who has a mental age of eight years.His IQ would be

A)80.
B)100.
C)125.
D)140.

Question 67

The correct formula for determining IQ as used in Stern's development of the Stanford-Binet IQ test was

A)MA ÷ CA × 100.
B)MA ÷ DA × 100.
C)CA ÷ MA × 100.
D)MA ÷ CA.

Question 68

Analysis of Einstein's brain showed a significantly wider __________ lobe.

A)temporal
B)frontal
C)parietal
D)occipital

Question 69

Regarding Spearman,Gardner,and Sternberg's theories,which statement is true?

A)Gardner's interpersonal intelligence is related to Sternberg's practical intelligence.
B)Gardner's linguistic intelligence is related to Spearman's g.
C)Gardner's bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is related to Sternberg's analytical intelligence.
D)Gardner's intrapersonal intelligence is related to Sternberg's creative intelligence.

Question 70

Concerning intelligence and memory,which statement is true?

A)Intelligence test scores tend to be inversely correlated with scores on working memory tests.
B)Intelligence test scores tend to be negatively correlated with scores on working memory tests.
C)Intelligence test scores tend to be unrelated to scores on working memory tests.
D)Intelligence test scores tend to be positively correlated with scores on working memory tests.

Question 71

According to Sternberg's theory,which statement is true?

A)Practical intelligence involves our ability to use original thinking to solve problems.
B)Analytical intelligence is similar to Spearman's g factor of intelligence.
C)Practical intelligence is similar to Gardner's naturalistic intelligence.
D)Creative intelligence is similar to crystallized intelligence.

Question 72

One of the greatest achievements of Lewis Terman was that he __________ on the Stanford-Binet IQ test.

A)tested both children and adults
B)established a set of norms
C)set cutoff scores for genius and mental retardation
D)added object assembly tasks

Question 73

Which subdivision of the cortex is most active on tasks involving reasoning,planning,and judgment?

A)Parietal lobe
B)Temporal lobe
C)Somatosensory cortex
D)Prefrontal cortex

Question 74

Some research on brain activity and intelligence has demonstrated that participants with higher levels of intelligence exhibited __________ brain activity than participants of lower levels of intelligence.

A)less
B)the same amount of
C)more
D)differentiated

Question 75

Which of the following methods would be best for investigating the correlates of differences between high and low IQ scorers?

A)Utilizing learning styles questionnaires to assess learning preferences
B)Utilizing brain imaging techniques to investigate which parts of the brain are more active on certain tasks
C)Utilizing vocational interest inventories to assess future career ambitions
D)Utilizing personality measures to assess behaviours and attitudes

Question 76

What is the IQ of a 12-year-old with a mental age of 17?

A)147
B)141
C)70
D)145

Question 77

Which of the following statements is true concerning the relationship between brain size and intelligence?

A)The higher the brain volume is,the lower the intelligence test scores.
B)Higher brain volume causes higher intelligence test scores.
C)The higher the brain volume is,the higher the intelligence test scores.
D)Higher brain volume is unrelated to intelligence test scores.

Question 78

Brain imaging during reasoning tasks that are highly related to general intelligence indicate that the __________ shows consistent activation across different "g-loaded" tasks.

A)parietal lobe
B)association cortex
C)prefrontal cortex
D)somatosensory cortex

Question 79

Overestimation of our own intellectual abilities is particularly related to poor __________ skills involving erroneous judgments about our own knowledge.

A)memory
B)metacognitive skills
C)intuitive
D)sensory

Question 80

An eight-year-old child who scored like an average 10-year-old on an intelligence test would have a mental age of __________ and an IQ of __________.

A)eight;80
B)eight;125
C)10;100
D)10;125