Deck 38: Communicable and Infectious Disease Risks

Question 1

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common complication of:

A) Gonorrhea
B) Syphilis
C) Chancroid
D) Herpes

Answer 1

Gonorrhea

Question 2

A person has syphilis with signs and symptoms of rash, sore throat, and muscle and joint pain. This describes which of the following stages of syphilis?

A) Congenital
B) Primary
C) Secondary
D) Tertiary

Answer 2

Secondary

Question 3

Nurses who are uncomfortable discussing topics such as sexual behavior or sexual orientation are likely to avoid assessing risk behaviors with clients. What can be the result?

A) The nurse may be ineffective in identifying risks and assisting in risky behaviors.
B) Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) will not be diagnosed.
C) Clients will be reluctant to return to care providers.
D) The nurse will be violating the laws in most states.

Answer 3

The nurse may be ineffective in identifying risks and assisting in risky behaviors.

Question 4

Healthy People 2010 has objectives that can be used to evaluate the progress toward decreasing communicable diseases. Which of the following are included in those objectives?

A) Reduce the number of cases of HIV infection among adults and adolescents
B) Eliminate STDs from developed countries
C) Reduce deaths from gonorrhea
D) Increase awareness about HIV in lesbian females

Question 5

Injection drug use is risky because the potential for injecting bloodborne pathogens such as HIV and HBV exists when needles are shared. The nurse can educate IV drug users about sharing equipment by:

A) Telling clients to throw away their equipment after one use
B) Educating the client on using full-strength bleach on their drug paraphernalia for 30 seconds
C) Reporting illegal activities to the authorities and confiscating the needles and syringes
D) Giving out needles and syringes to whoever wants them

Question 6

Which of the following is true of HIV?

A) The primary infection occurs 3 to 6 months after contracting the virus.
B) 90% of HIV-infected persons live about 5 years.
C) The incubation period in infants is longer.
D) Perinatally acquired AIDS cases have increased.

Question 7

The clinical course for hepatitis A ranges from mild to severe and often requires prolonged convalescence. In case of exposure, prophylactic immune globulin is indicated. The recommendation for administration of immune globulin is:

A) Persons who have had direct contact with blood
B) Those who ate at the same restaurant as the person with Hepatitis A
C) All health care workers
D) All those who had household or sexual contact with persons with Hepatitis A

Question 8

The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resource Emergency Act was passed in 199
0) The objective of this act was to:

A) Increase AIDS awareness and reporting
B) Provide funds for health care in geographical areas with the largest number of AIDS cases
C) Prevent the transmission of AIDS to children from their mothers
D) Allow persons with the final stages of HIV to die with dignity

Question 9

When a client has an STD infection, the risk of HIV infection increases. The nurse serves as an educator about the modes of transmission as well as:

A) A crusader for AIDS research
B) A coach and counselor to those contemplating sexual activity
C) A role model for how to behave toward and provide supportive care for those with HIV infection
D) A policy maker who addresses laws governing privacy rights of HIV-positive persons
38-PAGE 8
Test Bank

Question 10

A nurse is working in a public health center. A patient who has been newly diagnosed as HIV positive comes for counseling. By law, what must the nurse do?

A) Give antiviral medications to the patient
B) Ask the person to name all of his or her sexual contacts
C) Refer the patient to the social worker as someone possibly needing case management
D) Report the HIV-infected person to the state health department

Question 11

Which part of the immunological system suffers the greatest damage as a result of HIV infection?

A) Dendrite cells
B) CD4+ T lymphocytes
C) Macrophages
D) Monocytes

Question 12

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA) is used:

A) To indicate the presence of the antibody to HIV
B) To reveal whether a person has AIDS
C) To isolate the HIV virus
D) As a confirmatory test after the Western blot

Question 13

In comparison with HIV infection in adults, HIV infection in infants and children:

A) Has the same signs and symptoms
B) Has a shorter incubation period
C) Has a longer survival period
D) Is detected by using the same tests

Question 14

Through which of the following routes is HIV transmitted?

A) Coughing
B) Breast milk
C) Mosquitoes
D) Sneezing

Question 15

Which of the following STDs is bacterial?

A) Trichomonas
B) HIV
C) Syphilis
D) Genital warts

Question 16

Mental health issues such as depression, substance abuse, and bipolar disorder are frequently present in someone newly diagnosed with HIV. Nurses can assist employers by:

A) Educating managers about how to deal with ill or infected workers to reduce the risk of breaching confidentiality or wrongful actions such as termination
B) Explaining how to tell fellow employees how to keep themselves safe from HIV transmission
C) Helping employers seek medical insurance coverage for HIV-infected persons
D) Describing the signs and symptoms of HIV in case other workers get it

Question 17

The most common reportable infectious disease in the United States is:

A) Gonorrhea
B) Syphilis
C) Herpes
D) Chlamydia

Question 18

A community health nurse visits a homeless shelter that has several clients with tuberculosis who are taking antimicrobial drugs. Supervised drug administration may be done on a daily basis with persons with poor adherence because:

A) This type of client does not care about his or her health.
B) Homeless people have no access to medications.
C) Poor adherence can result in drug resistance.
D) The antimicrobials are so powerful, clients must be observed for reactions.

Question 19

Early symptoms of pediatric HIV infection include:

A) Failure to thrive, developmental delays
B) Kaposi's sarcoma, developmental delays
C) Toxoplasmosis, oral Candidiasis
D) Fatigue, shortness of breath

Question 20

HIV transmission can occur through:

A) Exposure to blood
B) Insect bites
C) Sharing of school supplies
D) Toilets

Question 21

Teaching a client with gonorrhea how to prevent reinfection and further spread is an example of:

A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Primary health care prevention

Question 22

The nurse teaches the family of an AIDS client about managing symptomatic illness by preventing deteriorating conditions such as diarrhea, skin breakdown, and inadequate nutrition. This nursing implementation is an example of:

A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Primary health care prevention

Question 23

The most chronic bloodborne infection in the United States is:

A) Hepatitis A
B) Hepatitis B
C) Hepatitis C
D) HIV

Question 24

The nurse should recommend that persons who have engaged in high-risk behavior be tested for HIV. The responsibilities of persons who are HIV infected include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Have regular medical evaluations and follow-ups.
B) Do not donate blood, plasma, body organs, or sperm.
C) Inform health care providers about the HIV infection.
D) Consider the risk of perinatal transmission and follow-up with contraceptive use.
E) None of the above

Question 25

Up to 40% of those infected with gonorrhea are also infected with:

A) Syphilis
B) Chlamydia
C) HIV
D) Genital warts

Question 26

Which of the following types of hepatitis would likely be found where sanitation is inadequate?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 27

Tuberculosis (TB) is most often found in which of the following groups?

A) Black
B) White
C) Hispanic
D) Asian Pacific Islander

Question 28

Screening blood products and donor organs and tissue for hepatitis C infection is:

A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Health promotion