Deck 9: Solutions

Question 1

According to Henry's law,the solubility of a gas in a liquid ________.

A)decreases as the gas pressure above the liquid increases
B)increases as the gas pressure above the liquid increases
C)remains the same as the temperature increases
D)depends on the liquid polarity
E)depends on the liquid density

Answer 1

increases as the gas pressure above the liquid increases

Question 2

A hydrogen bond is ________.

A)an attractive force between molecules where partially positive hydrogen atoms are attracted to partially negative atoms of F,O,or N
B)a covalent bond between H and O
C)an ionic bond between H and another atom
D)a bond that is stronger than a covalent bond
E)the polar O-H bond in water

Answer 2

an attractive force between molecules where partially positive hydrogen atoms are attracted to partially negative atoms of F,O,or N

Question 3

An equivalent is ________.

A)the amount of ion that has a 1+ charge
B)the amount of ion that has a 1- charge
C)the amount of ion that carries 1 mole of electrical charge
D)1 mole of any ion
E)1 mole of an ionic compound

Answer 3

the amount of ion that carries 1 mole of electrical charge

Question 4

Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds?

A)CH₄
B)NaH
C)NH₃
D)BH₃
E)HI

Question 5

The mass percent concentration refers to ________.

A)grams of solute in 1 kg of solvent
B)grams of solute in 1 kg of solution
C)grams of solute in 100 g of solvent
D)grams of solute in 100 g of solution
E)grams of solvent in 100 g of solution

Question 6

Water is a polar solvent and hexane ( C₆H₁₄ )is a nonpolar solvent.Which of the following correctly describes the solubility of the solute in the given solvent?

A) mineral oil,soluble in water
B) CaCl₂ ,soluble in hexane
C) NaHCO₃ ,soluble in water
D) CCl₄ ,soluble in water
E) octane,soluble in water

Question 7

When KCl dissolves in water ________.

A)the Cl^- ions are attracted to dissolved K⁺ ions
B)the Cl^- ions are attracted to the partial negative charge on the oxygen atom of the water molecule
C)the K⁺ ions are attracted to Cl^- ions on the KCl crystal
D)the K⁺ ions are attracted to the partial negative charge on the oxygen atom of the water molecule
E)the K⁺ ions are attracted to the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms of the water molecule

Question 8

Oil does not dissolve in water because ________.

A)oil is polar
B)oil is nonpolar
C)water is nonpolar
D)water is saturated
E)oil is hydrated

Question 9

A mixture is prepared by dissolving 2 g of KCl in 100 g of H₂O.In this mixture, H₂O is the ________.

A)solute
B)solvent
C)solution
D)solid
E)ionic compound

Question 10

In water,a substance that ionizes completely in solution is called a ________.

A)weak electrolyte
B)nonelectrolyte
C)semiconductor
D)nonconductor
E)strong electrolyte

Question 11

How many equivalents are in 0.60 mole of Mg²⁺ ?

A)0.60 Eq
B)0.30 Eq
C)1.2 Eq
D)2.0 Eq
E)1.0 Eq

Question 12

When some of the sugar added to iced tea remains undissolved at the bottom of the glass,the solution is ________.

A)dilute
B)polar
C)nonpolar
D)saturated
E)unsaturated

Question 13

In a solution,the solvent ________.

A)is a liquid
B)can be a liquid or gas
C)can be a solid,liquid,or gas
D)is never a solid
E)is the substance present in the smallest concentration

Question 14

The O-H bond in water is polar because ________.

A)it is an ionic bond
B)oxygen is much more electronegative than hydrogen
C)oxygen occupies more space than hydrogen
D)hydrogen is much more electronegative than oxygen
E)it is a hydrogen bond

Question 15

The compound KOH is ________.

A)soluble,because all compounds containing OH^- are soluble
B)insoluble,because all compounds containing OH^- are in soluble
C)soluble,because all compounds containing K⁺ are soluble
D)insoluble,because all compounds containing K⁺ are insoluble
E)insoluble,because KOH is insoluble

Question 16

What is the concentration,in mass percent (m/m),of a solution prepared from 50.0 g NaCl and 150.0 g of water?

A)0.250% (m/m)
B)33.3% (m/m)
C)40.0% (m/m)
D)25.0% (m/m)
E)3.00% (m/m)

Question 17

A solution contains 43 mEq/L of of Cl^- and 11 mEq/L of HPO₄^-2 .If the only cation in the solution is Na⁺ ,what is the Na⁺ concentration in mEq/L?

A)43 mEq/L
B)11 mEq/L
C)54 mEq/L
D)32 mEq/L
E)2.0 mEq/L

Question 18

How many equivalents are in 0.40 mole of K⁺ ?

A)0.40 Eq
B)0.80 Eq
C)0.20 Eq
D)2.0 Eq
E)1.0 Eq

Question 19

An increase in the temperature of a solution usually ________.

A)increases the boiling point
B)increases the solubility of a gas in the solution
C)increases the solubility of a solid solute in the solution
D)decreases the solubility of a solid solute in the solution
E)decreases the solubility of a liquid solute in the solution

Question 20

The solubility of KI is 50 g in 100 g of H₂O at 20 °C.If 110 grams of KI are added to 200 grams of H₂O,________.

A)all of the KI will dissolve
B)the solution will freeze
C)the solution will start boiling
D)a saturated solution will form
E)the solution will be unsaturated

Question 21

During the process of diluting a solution to a lower concentration,________.

A)the amount of solute does not change
B)the amount of solvent does not change
C)there is more solute in the concentrated solution
D)the volume of the solution does not change
E)water is removed from the concentrated solution

Question 22

What volume (mL)of a 15% (m/v)NaOH solution contains 120 g NaOH?

A)18 mL
B)0.13 mL
C)13 mL
D)120 mL
E)8.0 × 10² mL

Question 23

Rubbing alcohol is 70.% (m/v)isopropyl alcohol by volume.How many mL of isopropyl alcohol are in a 1 pint (473 mL)container?

A)70.mL
B)0.15 mL
C)680 mL
D)470 mL
E)330 mL

Question 24

What is the concentration,mass/volume percent (m/v),of a solution prepared from 50.g NaCl and 2.5 L of water?

A)5.0% (m/v)
B)2.0% (m/v)
C)0.020% (m/v)
D)0.050% (m/v)
E)20.% (m/v)

Question 25

How many milliliters of a 25% (m/v)NaOH solution would contain 75 g of NaOH?

A)25 mL
B)75 mL
C)33 mL
D)19 mL
E)3.0 × 10² mL

Question 26

A homogeneous mixture that does not settle out upon standing is ________.

A)an element
B)a colloid
C)a suspension
D)solid
E)hydrated

Question 27

What volume of a 2.00 M KCl solution is required to prepare 500.mL of a 0.100 M KCl solution?

A)0.0400 mL
B)25.0 mL
C)2.00 mL
D)1.00 × 10⁴ mL
E)5.00 × 10² mL

Question 28

What is the new mass/volume percent (m/v)of a KOH solution that is prepared by diluting 110 mL of a 6.0% (m/v)KOH solution to 330 mL?

A)2.0% (m/v)
B)1.0% (m/v)
C)6.0% (m/v)
D)12% (m/v)
E)18% (m/v)

Question 29

What is the molarity of a KCl solution made by diluting 75.0 mL of a 0.200 M solution to a final volume of 100.mL?

A)0.267 M
B)0.150 M
C)0.200 M
D)6.67 M
E)0.100 M

Question 30

What is the molarity of a solution which contains 58.5 g of sodium chloride dissolved in 0.500 L of solution?

A)0.500 M
B)1.00 M
C)1.50 M
D)2.00 M
E)4.00 M

Question 31

The molarity (M)of a solution refers to ________.

A)moles of solute/L of solution
B)moles of solute/ L of solvent
C)moles of solute/100 mL of solution
D)grams of solute/100 mL of solution
E)grams of solute/L of solution

Question 32

What mass of KCl is in 350 mL of 0.24 M KCl?

A)0.84 g
B)1.1.g
C)84 g
D)18 g
E)6.3 g

Question 33

What volume of 2.5% (m/v)KOH can be prepared from 125 mL of a 5.0% (m/v)KOH solution?

A)0.0040 mL
B)63 mL
C)0.10 mL
D)125 mL
E)250 mL

Question 34

How many grams of glucose are needed to prepare 400.mL of a 2.0%(m/v)glucose solution?

A)800.g
B)0.0050 g
C)8.0 g
D)2.0 g
E)200.g

Question 35

What volume of 0.10 M NaOH can be prepared from 250.mL of 0.30 M NaOH?

A)0.075 L
B)0.25 L
C)0.75 L
D)0.083 L
E)750 L

Question 36

How many moles of CaCl₂ are in 250 mL of a 3.0 M of CaCl₂ solution?

A)750 moles
B)1.3 moles
C)83 moles
D)0.75 mole
E)3.0 moles

Question 37

What is the molarity of a solution containing 5.0 moles of KCl in 2.0 L of solution?

A)2.5 M
B)1.0 M
C)5.0 M
D)10.M
E)2.0 M

Question 38

In the process known as osmosis,________ moves through a semipermeable membrane into an area of ________ concentration.

A)solute,lower solute
B)solute,higher solute
C)solvent,lower solute
D)solvent,lower solvent
E)solvent,higher solvent

Question 39

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 17 g of NH₃ in 0.50 L of solution?

A)34 M
B)2.0 M
C)0.50 M
D)0.029 M
E)1.0 M

Question 40

What volume of a 1.5 M KOH solution is needed to provide 3.0 moles of KOH?

A)3.0 L
B)0.50 L
C)2.0 L
D)4.5 L
E)0.22 L

Question 41

The process that occurs in this system is ________.

A)filtration
B)hydration
C)neutralization
D)dialysis
E)osmosis

Question 42

A red blood cell will undergo hemolysis in ________.

A)water
B)0.9% NaCl
C)5% glucose
D)5% NaCl
E)10% glucose

Question 43

A substance that produces only a small number of ions in solution is known as a ________ electrolyte.

Question 44

Which of the following also occurs in this system?

A)Water flows equally in both directions.
B)There is a net flow of water from the 4% starch solution into the 10% starch solution.
C)There is a net flow of water from the 10% starch solution into the 4% starch solution.
D)Water does not cross the membrane at all.
E)Starch moves out of the 10% starch solution into the 4% starch solution.

Question 45

Using a kidney machine to remove waste products from the blood is known as ________.

A)osmosis
B)osmolysis
C)autolysis
D)hemolysis
E)hemodialysis

Question 46

Which starch solution will decrease in volume as osmosis occurs?

A)4%
B)10%
C)Neither exerts osmotic pressure.
D)They exert equal osmotic pressures.
E)They exert opposite osmotic pressures.

Question 47

Polar solutes are soluble in ________ solvents.

Question 48

A substance that completely ionizes in water is a ________ electrolyte.

Question 49

A substance that carries an electric current when dissolved in water is called a(n)________.

Question 50

A solution that has an osmotic pressure less than that of red blood cells is called ________.

A)saturated
B)hypertonic
C)isotonic
D)hypotonic
E)unsaturated

Question 51

The process by which a semipermeable membrane allows water molecules,small molecules,and ions to pass through while retaining large particles is called ________.

A)osmotic pressure
B)dialysis
C)solvation
D)dilution
E)hydration

Question 52

The molarity of a solution of 5.0 g of KCl in 100.mL of solution is ________.

A)0.038 M
B)0.067 M
C)0.67 M
D)0.13 M
E)1.3 M

Question 53

A ________ will pass through a filter but not a semipermeable membrane.

A)solid
B)precipitate
C)solution
D)suspension
E)colloid

Question 54

How many equivalents are in 0.036 mole of Ca2+?

Question 55

Which solution is isotonic to a red blood cell?

A)water
B)0.5% NaCl
C)2% glucose
D)0.9% NaCl
E)10% glucose

Question 56

Acetic acid can be classified as a ________.

A)gas
B)solid
C)weak electrolyte
D)strong electrolyte
E)ionic compound

Question 57

A 10% starch solution is separated from a 2% starch solution by a semipermeable membrane.Starch is a colloid.Which of the following is correct?

A)The 10% solution has the higher osmotic pressure.
B)The 2% solution has the higher osmotic pressure.
C)Neither solution has osmotic pressure.
D)The solutions have the same osmotic pressure.
E)The solutions have opposite osmotic pressures.

Question 58

A red blood cell will undergo crenation in ________.

A)water
B)0.5% NaCl
C)3% glucose
D)5% glucose
E)7% NaCl

Question 59

An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid),NaCl,glucose,and albumin (a colloid)is placed in a dialysis bag and immersed in distilled water.Which of the following correctly describes the location of the indicated substance after dialysis?

A)albumin inside
B)starch outside
C)albumin inside and outside
D)water inside only
E)starch inside and outside

Question 60

A solution with the same osmotic pressure as the blood is ________.

A)isotonic to the blood
B)hypotonic to the blood
C)hypertonic to the blood
D)nontonic to the blood
E)molar to the blood

Question 61

A solution which has 12 g of solute dissolved in 200.mL of solution has a m/v concentration of ________.

Question 62

When MgO is added to water,the salt will be ________.

Question 63

If a red blood cell is placed in 5% NaCl solution,the red blood cell will ________.

Question 64

The number of moles of a compound dissolved in one liter of a solution is called the ________.

Question 65

If 450.mL of 6.0 M KBr solution is diluted to 900.mL,the concentration of the KBr solution is ________.

Question 66

When NH4Cl is added to water,the salt will be ________.

Question 67

________ can pass through filters but cannot pass through semipermeable membranes.

Question 68

Which has a higher osmotic pressure 1.0 M sucrose or water?

Question 69

A 2.0% (m/v)NaCl solution contains ________ g NaCl in 300.mL of solution.

Question 70

When KCl is added to water,the salt will be ________.

Question 71

If a red blood cell is placed in 1% glucose solution,the red blood cell will ________.

Question 72

200.mL of a 12.0% (m/v)NaCl solution is diluted to 600.mL.The new concentration is ________.

Question 73

When 50.mL of 10.% (m/v)NaCl is diluted to 500.mL,the NaCl concentration is ________.