Deck 11: Sexuality Disorders and Gender Dysphoria

Question 1

The term sexual arousal was introduced into the scientific literature in the ______.

A) 1890s
B) 1910s
C) 1930s
D) 1950s

Answer 1

1930s

Question 2

The initial studies of the human sexual response cycle were conducted by ______.

A) Alfred Kinsey and Havelock Ellis
B) William Masters and Virginia Johnson
C) Alfred Kinsey and William Masters
D) Havelock Ellis and Virginia Johnson

Answer 2

William Masters and Virginia Johnson

Question 3

Vasocongestion is to ______ as myotonia is to ______.

A) muscle tension; blood flow
B) blood flow; muscle tension
C) coughing; blurred vision
D) blurred vision; coughing

Answer 3

blood flow; muscle tension

Question 4

Which statement is NOT true concerning the difference between human sexuality and sex among nonhuman animals?

A) Humans are more likely to look at each other during sex than are members of other species.
B) Human males ejaculate more quickly than do the males of other species.
C) Unlike other animals, humans engage in sexual activity when there is a low probability of conception.
D) Humans spend more time in foreplay than do members of other species.

Question 5

Which choice BEST describes the method used in William Masters and Virginia Johnson's pioneering sexual response cycle research?

A) case study
B) survey research
C) naturalistic observation
D) laboratory research

Question 6

Kinsey's survey in the 1950s indicated that about ______ of females interviewed had engaged in premarital coitus.

A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 70%

Question 7

To study the sexual response of men and women in general, William Masters and Virginia Johnson studied 312 men and 382 women. These participants are called a(n) ______.

A) population
B) experimental group
C) control group
D) sample

Question 8

During the 18th and 19th centuries, some medical professionals suggested that sexual stimulation, especially masturbation, could lead to ______.

A) death
B) physical illness
C) mental illness
D) spiritual salvation

Question 9

Which figure BEST approximates the proportion of people who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, according to the 2010 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior?

A) 3%
B) 8%
C) 11%
D) 17%

Question 10

The World Health Organization estimates that more than ______ million acts of sexual intercourse between humans take palace each day around the world.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 100
D) 200

Question 11

As compared with other species, humans spend ______ time in the sex act itself.

A) far less
B) less
C) an equal amount of
D) more

Question 12

The textbook suggests that in women, an orgasm silences brain areas involved in controlling thought and emotion. This suggestion is MOST consistent with the hypothesis that in women, orgasm suppresses activity in the brain's ______ network.

A) central executive
B) default
C) dorsal attention
D) salience

Question 13

Alfred Kinsey surveyed ______ individuals across the United States about their sexual behavior.

A) 1,000
B) 10,000
C) 12,000
D) 20,000

Question 14

The first human laboratory studies of sexuality were conducted in the ______ by Masters and Johnson.

A) 1930s
B) 1940s
C) 1950s
D) 1960s

Question 15

"Men only have one thing on their minds." Based on the textbook's discussion, the MOST appropriate response to this is,

A) "That's fake news."
B) "That's not true. Men also think about sleeping and eating."
C) "That's not true. Men and women think about the same things."
D) "That's true."

Question 16

Which sequence correctly orders the phases of the human sexual response cycle, from first to last?

A) excitement $\rightarrow$ plateau $\rightarrow$ orgasm $\rightarrow$ resolution
B) excitement $\rightarrow$ plateau $\rightarrow$ resolution $\rightarrow$ orgasm
C) plateau $\rightarrow$ excitement $\rightarrow$ orgasm $\rightarrow$ resolution
D) plateau $\rightarrow$ resolution $\rightarrow$ excitement $\rightarrow$ orgasm

Question 17

Havelock Ellis's views were ______ of his time with respect to ______.

A) ahead; female sexuality but not homosexuality
B) ahead; both female sexuality and homosexuality
C) ahead; homosexuality but not female sexuality
D) a product; both female sexuality and homosexuality

Question 18

In 1991, the popular singer Prince scored a hit with the single "Get Off." Based on the text's discussion, the title's implication that sexual satisfaction largely reflects orgasm is

A) not at all accurate for either men or women
B) entirely accurate for both men and women
C) more accurate for women than for men
D) more accurate for men than for women

Question 19

The drive theory of human sexuality

A) has never been endorsed in psychology's history
B) has always dominated psychologists' view of sexuality
C) was endorsed by Freud and Ellis but is now recognized as insufficient
D) was rejected by Freud and Ellis but is now endorsed by most psychologists

Question 20

The 1800s saw the introduction of ______ as a remedy for excessive sexual desire and especially masturbation.

A) graham crackers
B) Coca-Cola
C) Reddi-wip
D) instant tapioca

Question 21

Of men reporting problems with early ejaculation, approximately ______ ejaculate within 1 minute of penetration.

A) 50%
B) 65%
C) 75%
D) 90%

Question 22

During the ______ phase of the sexual response, males are unable to have another orgasm right away.

A) plateau
B) excitement
C) orgasm
D) resolution

Question 23

As people age, their experience of sexual dysfunction ______, and the distress associated with sexual dysfunction ______.

A) decreases; decreases
B) decreases; increases
C) increases; decreases
D) increases; increases

Question 24

In the 1990s, it was discovered that ______ would delay ejaculation.

A) serotonin reuptake inhibitors
B) benzodiazepines
C) antipsychotic medications
D) tricyclic antidepressants

Question 25

Epidemiological data from the 1990s show that roughly ______ of women and about ______ of men reported sexual dysfunctions.

A) 40%; 30%
B) 30%; 20%
C) 20%; 20%
D) 20%; 10%

Question 26

Male hypoactive sexual desire

A) has been eliminated from the DSM
B) is surprisingly common
C) is rare because men's lack of interest in sex seldom lasts long enough to qualify as a disorder
D) is rare because men almost never lack interest in sex

Question 27

Overall, about ______ of men experience difficulty achieving an erection.

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 25%

Question 28

The diagnostic criteria for delayed ejaculation specify that ejaculation problems must occur in at least ______ of sexual experiences over a 6-month period.

A) 25%
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 80%

Question 29

The definition of female sexual interest/arousal disorder does NOT include the absence of

A) interest in sexual activities or fantasies
B) excitement or pleasure during sex
C) excitement or pleasure to sexual cues or sensations
D) the experience of orgasm

Question 30

Data indicate that just over ______ in 10 women and ______ 10 men experience some type of sexual dysfunction.

A) 4; 2
B) 4; 3
C) 5; 2
D) 5; 3

Question 31

Which is NOT among the general categories of sexual difficulties outlined in the textbook?

A) arousal
B) identity
C) pain
D) desire

Question 32

To be considered a disorder, a sexual dysfunction must persist for at least ______ month(s).

A) 1
B) 3
C) 6
D) 12

Question 33

In the first stage of the sexual response cycle, the penis becomes erect, and the clitoris swells. This is the ______ phase.

A) plateau
B) resolution
C) excitement
D) orgasm

Question 34

George rarely, if ever, has sexual fantasies, and he shows little or no interest in sexual activity. George's case is an example of ______.

A) male orgasmic disorder
B) delayed ejaculation
C) erectile dysfunction
D) male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Question 35

Approximately ______ of American women report experiencing frequent pain during intercourse.

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 20%

Question 36

Which phase of the sexual response cycle is correctly described?

A) plateau-a gratifying series of rapid muscular contractions
B) excitement-physical changes start becoming evident
C) orgasm-the body returns to a relaxed state
D) resolution-a short phase in which muscles continue to tense, breathing and heart rate increase, and blood fills in the genitals

Question 37

Francine never initiates sex, and she finds no excitement or pleasure in sex. Francine's case illustrates ______ disorder.

A) female sexual arousal/interest
B) female orgasmic
C) hypoactive sexual desire
D) genito-pelvic pain/penetration

Question 38

Based on the textbook's discussion, which approach is MOST helpful in understanding sexual dysfunctions?

A) the medical model
B) the behavioral perspective
C) the biopsychosocial model
D) the psychoanalytic perspective

Question 39

Which statement is FALSE concerning the female experience of orgasm?

A) Women rarely have an orgasm "too early" during intercourse.
B) Orgasmic disorder is seen in 1 in 4 women.
C) A woman's first orgasm may follow puberty by several years.
D) Women are more likely to experience orgasm during intercourse than during masturbation.

Question 40

Derek has just had an orgasm and is unable to have another one right away. Emma, however, has not had an orgasm yet. Her heart rate and blood pressure are rising but at a slowing rate. In addition, the muscles in her vagina are tightening. With respect to the human sexual response cycle, Derek is in the ______ phase, whereas Emma is in the ______ phase.

A) resolution; excitement
B) resolution; plateau
C) plateau; excitement
D) excitement; plateau

Question 41

Which phrase BEST expresses the proportion of community-dwelling women who have experienced someone exposing himself?

A) a few
B) some
C) about half
D) most

Question 42

The word frottage means ______ in French.

A) sex
B) viewing
C) friction
D) kissing

Question 43

As compared with their prevalence among men, paraphilic disorders are ______ common among women.

A) much less
B) slightly less
C) equally
D) more

Question 44

Wally is apprehended by security personnel at a crowded music festival after several women claimed that he rubbed against them without their consent while they were dancing. Wally may exemplify ______ disorder.

A) sexual sadism
B) frotteuristic
C) voyeuristic
D) exhibitionistic

Question 45

Which statement is NOT a valid argument to treat exhibitionism as more than a nuisance crime?

A) A large proportion of sexual offenses are related to exhibitionism.
B) Exhibitionism is associated with high rates of recidivism for sexual, violent, and criminal offenses.
C) Exhibitionism entails more physical harm than is usually supposed.
D) Exhibitionists tend to move on to more serious sexual assaults.

Question 46

Roland can only become sexually aroused by leather gear. He has amassed considerable debt purchasing expensive leather items from specialty retailers. Roland's partner is likely to leave him because he cannot enjoy more traditional romantic and sexual experiences. Roland's experience BEST illustrates ______ disorder.

A) fetishistic
B) exhibitionistic
C) transvestic
D) frotteuristic

Question 47

In ______ disorder, an individual gains sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against an unconsenting person.

A) paraphilic
B) voyeuristic
C) frotteuristic
D) exhibitionistic

Question 48

A married couple who occasionally engages in consensual sexual dominance and submission MOST likely exemplifies ______.

A) fetishism
B) paraphilia
C) frotteurism
D) paraphilic disorder

Question 49

The DSM-5 lists ______ specific paraphilic disorders.

A) four
B) six
C) eight
D) 10

Question 50

Potential fetish objects do NOT include ______.

A) feet
B) shoes
C) leather
D) lips

Question 51

The prevalence of frotteuristic disorder among women appears to be ______.

A) 0.0%
B) 0.5%
C) 1%
D) 2%

Question 52

The drugs commonly used to treat male erectile dysfunction, such as Viagra and Cialis, are effective in ______ of men.

A) about 30%
B) more than 50%
C) about 75%
D) almost 90%

Question 53

Danny is undergoing treatment for exhibitionistic disorder. His psychiatrist prescribes a medication to reduce his sexual impulses. Based on the textbook's discussion, Danny was MOST likely prescribed a(n) ______.

A) SSRI
B) psychostimulant
C) benzodiazepine
D) mood stabilizer

Question 54

Fetishistic disorder is an erotic fixation on ______.

A) magic
B) minors
C) nonsexual objects or body parts
D) having sex in public places

Question 55

In ______ disorder, individuals become aroused by exposing their genitals to an unsuspecting stranger.

A) paraphilic
B) voyeuristic
C) pedophilic
D) exhibitionistic

Question 56

Michael is untroubled by his occasional enjoyment of sexual activities that might be considered "kinky." Michael's example illustrates

A) paraphilia but not paraphilic disorder
B) paraphilic disorder but not paraphilia
C) neither paraphilic disorder nor paraphilia
D) both paraphilia and paraphilic disorder

Question 57

Curt becomes sexually excited when he stands at his window and exposes himself to the women living in the apartment directly across the courtyard of his apartment building. Curt's behavior may reflect ______ disorder.

A) exhibitionistic
B) paraphilic
C) voyeuristic
D) fetishistic

Question 58

Based on data from Firestone et al.'s 19-year study of men with exhibitionist disorder, it is fair to say that, very roughly, about 1 in ______ men will go on to a sexual or violent crime after being treated for exhibitionistic disorder.

A) 10
B) 8
C) 5
D) 4

Question 59

The main difference between paraphilia and paraphilic disorders is the ______.

A) frequency of sexual behavior
B) intensity of sexual behavior
C) distress or harm that is caused
D) object of sexual attraction

Question 60

With respect to pain during intercourse, penetration is to intercourse as ______ is to ______.

A) myotonia; dyspareunia
B) vaginismus; dyspareunia
C) vaginismus; myotonia
D) dyspareunia; vaginismus

Question 61

Jonah dresses in women's clothing and lip-syncs to ballads as LaDonna at a popular nightclub one night each week. Jonah exemplifies ______.

A) fetishism
B) transvestism
C) transsexualism
D) exhibitionism

Question 62

Approximately 1 in ______ people are transgender.

A) 1,000
B) 10,000
C) 50,000
D) 100,000

Question 63

______ refers to dressing in clothing that is typically used by the opposite sex.

A) Transvestism
B) Fetishism
C) Transsexualism
D) Frotteurism

Question 64

Approximately ______ of the population finds masochistic activities pleasurable now and then.

A) 1% to 2%
B) 5% to 10%
C) 10% to 15%
D) 15% to 20%

Question 65

Which phrase BEST expresses the proportion of children with gender dysphoria who will continue to display it in adolescence or adulthood?

A) few, if any
B) fewer than half
C) most
D) almost all

Question 66

______ disorder involves deriving sexual pleasure from inflicting pain or humiliation on others.

A) Sexual sadism
B) Fetishistic
C) Sexual masochism
D) Exhibitionistic

Question 67

______ is the process by which a person puts a plastic bag over his or her head or a rope around his or her neck to cut of oxygen temporarily and enhance the sexual experience.

A) Frotteurism
B) Exhibitionism
C) Asphyxiation
D) Pedophilia

Question 68

______ is the act of watching unsuspecting others engage in nonpublic activities, such as undressing, having sexual relations, or engaging in other behaviors.

A) Transvestism
B) Voyeurism
C) Fetishism
D) Frotteurism

Question 69

In ______ disorder, an individual displays persistent sexual interest in prepubescent or early pubescent children.

A) paraphilic
B) pedophilic
C) frotteuristic
D) exhibitionistic

Question 70

Gender identity is BEST described as ______ sexual orientation.

A) similar to
B) identical to
C) complementary to
D) different from

Question 71

As compared with the prevalence of the other paraphilic disorders among females, the prevalence of sexual masochism disorder among females is ______.

A) much lower
B) lower
C) the same
D) higher

Question 72

Lea was born male but experiences herself as female. Based on this information, Lea is BEST described as ______.

A) androgynous
B) transsexual
C) transgender
D) bisexual

Question 73

T. J. was born a female and is currently having difficulty accepting his male gender identity. T. J.'s example BEST illustrates ______.

A) bisexuality
B) gender dysphoria
C) transsexuality
D) transvestism

Question 74

The textbook suggests that the positive effects of treatment for paraphilic disorders are BEST described as ______.

A) negative
B) not strong
C) encouraging
D) robust

Question 75

Pedophilic disorder first emerges during ______.

A) childhood
B) adolescence
C) early adulthood
D) later adulthood

Question 76

______ paraphilic disorder includes symptoms that cause significant distress or impairment but do not satisfy the criteria in any of the disorders previously described.

A) Other specified
B) Unspecified
C) Major
D) Minor

Question 77

The notion that individuals with pedophilic disorder can eliminate their sexual attraction has ______ support from empirical research.

A) no
B) mixed
C) modest
D) strong

Question 78

Loosely, gender role is to gender identity as ______ is to ______.

A) external; internal
B) internal; external
C) involuntary; voluntary
D) voluntary; involuntary

Question 79

In ______ disorder, an individual experiences sexual arousal from the act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer that causes distress or impairment in the person's life.

A) paraphilic
B) pedophilic
C) sexual masochism
D) exhibitionistic

Question 80

Pedophilic disorder is associated with ______ activity in the amygdala and ______ thickness in some parts of the cortex.

A) decreased; decreased
B) decreased; increased
C) increased; decreased
D) increased; increased