Deck 12: Emphysema

Question 1

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Compression of great vessels and decreased cardiac return

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Answer 1

NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 2

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Alveolar hyperinflation (air-trapping)

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Answer 2

YES-This is associated with emphysema.

Question 3

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Hyaline membrane formation

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Answer 3

NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 4

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Bronchospasm (smooth muscle constriction of bronchial airways)

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 5

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Alveolar consolidation

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 6

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Bronchial airway obstruction due to mucus plugging

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 7

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Chronic inflammation and swelling of airways

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 8

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Frothy white (or pink) bubblelike bronchial secretions

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 9

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Distal airway and alveolar weakening

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 10

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Fibrotic thickening of the alveoli (parenchymal fibrosis)

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 11

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Atelectasis

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 12

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Chronic dilation and distortion of bronchial airway

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 13

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Cavity formation

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 14

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Interstitial edema

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 15

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Excessive bronchial secretions

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 16

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Permanent enlargement and deterioration of alveoli

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 17

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Destruction of pulmonary capillaries

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 18

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Honeycombing

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 19

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Granulomas

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 20

MATCHING
Identify the major anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with emphysema.
Pulmonary capillary congestion

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 21

The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory diseases result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with emphysema.
Excessive Bronchial Secretions Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 22

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEV_T

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 23

The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory diseases result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with emphysema.
Atelectasis Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 24

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FVC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 25

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
VC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 26

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
IC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 27

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF _25%-75%

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 28

The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory diseases result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with emphysema.
Bronchospasm Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 29

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
TLC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 30

The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory diseases result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with emphysema.
Increased Alveolar-Capillary Membrane Thickness Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 31

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PEFR

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 32

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FRC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 33

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
MVV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 34

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 35

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF _200-1200

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 36

The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory diseases result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with emphysema.
Distal Airway and Alveolar Weakening Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 37

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
ERV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 38

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF_50%

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 39

The clinical scenarios associated with respiratory diseases result from the pathophysiologic mechanisms caused (or activated) by the anatomic alterations of the lungs associated with the disorder. Using the "Yes" or "No" items, match the major anatomic alterations of the lungs that cause the clinical scenario associated with emphysema.
Alveolar Consolidation Clinical Scenario

A)YES-This is associated with emphysema.
B)NO-This is not associated with emphysema.

Question 40

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
V_T

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 41

Match what arterial blood gas changes occur during mild to moderate emphysema with the items below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
pH

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 42

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
ERV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 43

Match what arterial blood gas changes occur during the late stages of emphysema with the items below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PaCO₂

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 44

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RV/TLC ratio

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 45

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEV_T

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 46

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PEFR

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 47

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
IC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 48

Match what arterial blood gas changes occur during the late stages of emphysema with the items below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
HCO₃^-

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 49

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEF _200-1200

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 50

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
MVV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 51

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
DO₂

A)Remains normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 52

Match the pulmonary function studies with the findings that typically develop in emphysema. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEV_1%

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 53

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FEV₁/FVC ratio

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 54

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
FRC

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 55

Match what arterial blood gas changes occur during mild to moderate emphysema with the items below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PaCO₂

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 56

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
DL_CO

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 57

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the pulmonary function study findings to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 58

Match what arterial blood gas changes occur during mild to moderate emphysema with the items below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
HCO₃^-

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 59

Match what arterial blood gas changes occur during the late stages of emphysema with the items below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
pH

A)Increases
B)Decreases
C)Normal

Question 60

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
_S/ _T

A)Remains normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 61

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RVSWI

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 62

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
Svo₂

A)Remains normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 63

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
SV

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 64

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PCWP

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 65

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
LVSWI

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 66

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
CO

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 67

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
CVP

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 68

Permanent enlargement and deterioration of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles are associated with emphysema.

Question 69

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
O₂

A)Remains normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 70

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
SVI

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 71

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
O₂ER

A)Remains normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 72

Bronchial smooth muscle constriction is associated with emphysema.

Question 73

Consolidation is associated with emphysema.

Question 74

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
SVR

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 75

Pulmonary capillary destruction is associated with emphysema.

Question 76

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
CI

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 77

Match what develops during the advanced stages of emphysema in the oxygen indices to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
C(a-v)

A)Remains normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases
D)Normal or decreased
E)Normal or increased

Question 78

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PVR

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 79

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
PA

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases

Question 80

Match what hemodynamic indices develop during the severe stages of emphysema to the items listed below. Items may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
RAP

A)Normal
B)Decreases
C)Increases