Deck 22: Transition Metals: Biological and Medical Applications

Question 1

What do you predict for the geometry of Ti(H₂O)₆³⁺?

A)octahedral
B)tetrahedral
C)square planar
D)trigonal bipyramidal
E)square pyramidal

Answer 1

octahedral

Question 2

For the coordination compound K₃[Fe(CN)₆], identify, in order, the charge on the complex ion, the oxidation state of the metal, and the coordination number of the metal.

A)3+, 3-, 6+
B)0, 0, 6+
C)3-, 3+, 3+
D)3-, 3+, 6+
E)None of these choices is correct.

Answer 2

3-, 3+, 6+

Question 3

What is the shape of the complex ion CoF₆^3-?

A)square pyramidal
B)octahedral
C)tetrahedral
D)trigonal bipyramidal
E)square planar

Answer 3

octahedral

Question 4

The coordination number around the Ni ion in [Co(NH₃)₆][Ni(CN)₅] is ________

A)2.
B)1
C)6.
D)5.
E)7.

Question 5

For the coordination compound [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]NO₃, identify, in order, the charge on the complex ion, the oxidation state of the metal, and the coordination number of the metal.

A)1+, 1+, 6
B)0, 0, 4
C)3+, 3+, 4
D)1+, 3+, 6
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 6

What do you predict for the geometry of [Fe(CO)₄(CN)]^-?

A)octahedral
B)tetrahedral
C)square planar
D)trigonal bipyramidal
E)square pyramidal

Question 7

The coordination number around the Co ion in [Co(NH₃)₆][CrF₆] is ________

A)3.
B)4.
C)6.
D)2.
E)5.

Question 8

How many ions are formed when [Co(NH₃)₅Cl]Cl₂ dissolves in water?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 9

What is the oxidation state of the nickel atom in the Ni(CN)₅^3-complex ion?

A)(+0)
B)(+1)
C)(+2)
D)(+3)
E)(+4)

Question 10

For the coordination compound [Cr(NH₃)₃(H₂O)₃]Cl₃, identify, in order, the charge on the complex ion, the oxidation state of the metal, and the coordination number of the metal.

A)3+, 1+, 6
B)0, 0, 6
C)3+, 3+, 4
D)1+, 3+, 6
E)3+, 3+, 6

Question 11

The coordination number for nickel in the compound Na₃[Ni(CN)₅] is ________

A)2.
B)3.
C)6.
D)4.
E)5.

Question 12

What is the oxidation state of the gold atom in the AuCl₄^-complex ion?

A)(+0)
B)(+1)
C)(+2)
D)(+3)
E)(+4)

Question 13

In Na₂[Zn(CN)₄], the counter ion is ________, and in [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]NO₃, the counter ion is ________.

A)CN^-; NO₃^-
B)Na⁺; NO₃^-
C)CN^-; Cl^-
D)Na⁺; Cl^-
E)Zn²⁺; Co³⁺

Question 14

Which orbital hybridization in a metal atom would be appropriate for octahedral complexes?

A)sp
B)sp²
C)sp²d
D)sp³d
E)sp³d ²

Question 15

What is the shape of Zn(OH)₄^2-?

A)triangular pyramid
B)tetrahedral
C)octahedral
D)square pyramid
E)T-shaped

Question 16

How many ions are formed when Na[Co(CO)₄] dissolves in water?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)5
E)6

Question 17

The coordination number for copper in the compound K₂[CuCl₄] is ________

A)2.
B)1.
C)6.
D)5.
E)7.

Question 18

In K₄[Fe(CN)₆], the counter ion is ________, and in [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]NO₃, the counter ion is ________.

A)CN^-; NO₃^-
B)K⁺; NO₃^-
C)CN^-; Cl^-
D)K⁺; Cl^-
E)Fe²⁺; Co³⁺

Question 19

The coordination number for [Pt(NH₃)₄]Cl₂ is ________

A)2.
B)3.
C)6.
D)4.
E)5.

Question 20

Which ligand below is not correctly named?

A)H₂O, hydro
B)NH₃, ammine
C)CN^-, cyano
D)CO, carbonyl
E)OH^-, hydroxo

Question 21

What is the chemical formula of amminetrichloroplatinate(II)?

A)[Pt₂(NH₃)Cl₃]^-
B)[Pt(NH₃)₃Cl]^-
C)[Pt(NH₃)Cl₃]^2-
D)[Pt(NH₃)Cl₃]⁺
E)[Pt(NH₃)Cl₃]^-

Question 22

Which is the correct formula for potassium hexacyanoferrate(II)?

A)K[Fe(CN)₂]
B)K₂[Fe(CN)₂]
C)K₃[Fe(CN)₆]
D)K₄[Fe(CN)₆]
E)K₆[Fe(CN)₆]

Question 23

The correct formula for ammonium tetracyanoplatinate(II) is ________

A)(NH₃)₂[Pt(CN)₄].
B)(NH₄)₂[Pt(CN)₄].
C)(NH₄)₂Pt(CN)₄.
D)(NH₄)₂[Pt(CN)₆].
E)NH₄[Pt(CN)₄].

Question 24

What is the correct formula for hexamminecobalt(III) nitrite?

A)[Co(NH₃)₆]( NO₃)₃
B)Co(NH₃)₆( NO₂)₃
C)[Co(NH₃)₆]( NO₂)₃
D)[Co(NH₃)₆]( NO₂)₂
E)[Co(NH₃)₆]( NO₃)₂

Question 25

EDTA is an example of a ________ ligand.

A)tridentate
B)hexadentate
C)tetradentate
D)pentadentate
E)hydrocarbon

Question 26

The correct formula for the complex ion tetrabromocuprate(II) is ________

A)[CuBr₄]^2-.
B)[CuBr₄]²⁺.
C)CuBr₄.
D)[CoBr₄]²⁺.
E)[CoBr₄]^2-.

Question 27

Which one of the following compounds is called potassium monochloropentacyanoferrate(III)?

A)K₃[FeCl(CN)₅]
B)K[FeCl(CN)₃]
C)K₄[FeCl(CN)₆]
D)K₄[FeCl(CN)₅]
E)K₃[Fe₃Cl(CN)₅]

Question 28

Terpyridine, which is shown below, is an example of a ________ ligand.

A)monodentate
B)bidentate
C)tridentate
D)hydrocarbon
E)poor

Question 29

The correct name for [Fe(NH₃)₄(H₂O)₂][NiCl₄] is ________

A)tetraamminodiaquoiron(II) tetrachloronickel(II).
B)tetraamminodiaquoiron(II) tetrachloronickelate(II).
C)tetraamminodiaquoiron(III) tetrachloronickelate(IV).
D)tetraamminodiaquoiron(III) tetrachloronickelate(II).
E)tetraammoniadiwateriron(II) tetrachloronickelate(II).

Question 30

What is the correct formula for sodium tetracyanodihydroxovanadate(II)?

A)Na₂[V(CN)₄(OH)₂]
B)Na₃[V(CN)₄(OH)₂]
C)Na₄[V(CN)₄(OH)₂]
D)Na[V(CN)₄(OH)₂]
E)Na₃[V(CN)₄(OH)]

Question 31

The correct name for K₂[CuCl₄] is ________

A)potassium copper chloride.
B)potassium tetrachlorocuprate(II).
C)dipotassium chlorocuprate(II).
D)potassium tetrachlorocopper(II).
E)dipotassium tetrachlorocopper(II).

Question 32

Dimethylphophsinoethane (DMPE), which is shown below, is an example of a ________ ligand.

A)undentate
B)monodentate
C)bidentate
D)tridentate
E)pincer

Question 33

Which of the following is a polydentate ligand?

A)NH₃
B)OH^-
C)H₂O
D)diethylenetriamine
E)CN^-

Question 34

The correct name for the complex ion [Cr(H₂O)₄Cl₂]⁺ is ________

A)tetraaquadichlorochromium(II).
B)tetraaquadichlorochromium(III).
C)dichlorotetraaquochromium(II).
D)tetraaquadichlorochromate(III).
E)tetraaquadichlorochromium.

Question 35

The correct name for [Co(NH₃)₅Cl]Cl₂ is ________

A)pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride.
B)pentaamminechlorocobalt(II) chloride.
C)chloropentaamminecobalt(III) chloride.
D)pentaamminechlorocobaltate(III) chloride.
E)pentaamminedichlorocobalt(III).

Question 36

Ethylenediamine is an example of a ________ ligand.

A)tridentate
B)hexadentate
C)bidentate
D)pentadentate
E)hydrocarbon

Question 37

The correct name for the complex ion [Mo(CN)₆]^4- is ________

A)hexacyanomolybdenum(II).
B)hexacyanomolybdenite(III).
C)hexacyanomolybdenate(II).
D)molybdenum(0) hexacyanide.
E)molybdenum(VIII) cyanide.

Question 38

The correct name for the compound [Fe(NH₃)₅H₂O](NO₃)₂ is ________

A)pentaammineaquairon(II) nitrate.
B)pentaammineaquairon(III) nitrate.
C)pentaammineaquaferrate(II) nitrate.
D)aquapentaammineiron(II) nitrate.
E)pentaammineaquadinitroiron(III).

Question 39

The correct name for [Co(NH₃)₆][Cr(CN)₆] is ________

A)cobaltammine chromiumcyanide.
B)hexamminecobalt(III) hexacyanochromate (II).
C)hexamminecobaltate(III) hexacyanochromium(III).
D)hexamminecobalt(III) hexacyanochromate(III).
E)hexamminecobalt(II) hexacyanochromate(II).

Question 40

How many chelation sites and donor groups does EDTA have?

A)2
B)10
C)6
D)4
E)5

Question 41

Which of the following is a chelation agent?

A)EDTA
B)Cl^-
C)NH₂
D)SCN^-
E)CN^-

Question 42

CoF₆^3- absorbs light in the red region of the spectrum, while Co(NH₃)₆³⁺ absorbs light in the blue region of the spectrum. This difference means that ________

A)the splitting of the d orbitals of the two complexes is nearly identical.
B)the value of the crystal field splitting is very small for both complexes.
C)the crystal field splitting is larger for the ammonia complex than for the fluoride complex.
D)the d_z² and d_x² -_y² orbitals are higher in energy than the d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals in CoF₆^3- and just the opposite splitting order for Co(NH₃)₆³⁺.
E)the d_z² and d_x² - _y² orbitals are lower in energy than the d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals in CoF₆^3- and just the opposite splitting order for Co(NH₃)₆³⁺.

Question 43

The greater affinity of metal ions for polydentate ligands than for monodentate ligands is known as the ________ effect.

A)dentate
B)ligand
C)chelate
D)Lewis base
E)Lewis acid

Question 44

Transition metal ions often absorb visible light in promoting electrons from a ground state to an excited state. Why doesn't aluminum(III) ion have this property?

A)It does, and this fact accounts for the color of some gemstones.
B)Aluminum(III) has a noble gas configuration—that of argon.
C)Aluminum(III) has a noble gas configuration—that of neon.
D)Aluminum(III) has a filled d subshell.
E)The crystal field splitting of the d orbitals in aluminum(III) is very large.

Question 45

CoCl₄^2-(aq) absorbs light in the orange region of the spectrum. The color of a solution containing this ion is ________

A)blue.
B)blue-violet.
C)violet.
D)yellow-orange.
E)red.

Question 46

The d_z² and d_x² - _y² orbitals are higher in energy than the d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals in an octahedral complex because these two orbitals ________

A)do not point directly at ligands.
B)point directly at ligands.
C)occupy larger volumes than the other three orbitals.
D)are in the same plane and repel one another.
E)occupy smaller volumes than the other three orbitals.

Question 47

Co(NH₃)₆³⁺(aq) absorbs light in the blue region of the spectrum. The color of a solution containing this ion is ________

A)blue.
B)blue-violet.
C)violet.
D)yellow-orange.
E)red.

Question 48

A solution containing the ion CoF₆^3- has an absorption maximum at $\lambda$ _max = 680 nm. The color of this solution is ________

A)red.
B)green.
C)blue.
D)orange.
E)violet.

Question 49

The d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals are lower in energy than the d_z² and d_x² - _y² orbitals in an octahedral complex because these three orbitals ________

A)do not point directly at ligands.
B)point directly at ligands.
C)occupy larger volumes than the other two orbitals.
D)are in the same plane and repel one another.
E)occupy smaller volumes than the other two orbitals.

Question 50

A solution containing an octahedral metal ion has an absorption maximum at $\lambda$ _max = 535 nm. The color of this solution is ________

A)red.
B)green.
C)blue.
D)orange.
E)violet.

Question 51

Oxalic acid is a dicarboxylic acid with the structure HOOCCOOH. How many coordination sites does the ion (OOCCOO)^2- have?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)1
E)5

Question 52

Which 3d orbitals have a higher energy in an octahedral field?

A)d_xy and d_xz
B)d_z² and d_yz
C)d_z² and d_x² - _y²
D)d_x² - _y² and d_xz
E)d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz

Question 53

Which atoms on EDTA bond to metal ions?

A)carbon and oxygen
B)carbon and nitrogen
C)oxygen and nitrogen
D)nitrogen and hydrogen
E)oxygen and hydrogen

Question 54

When the five 3d orbitals on a metal ion experience an octahedral field in a complex, they split into ________ energy levels.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five
E)six

Question 55

When the five 3d orbitals on a metal ion experience a square planar field in a complex, they split into ________ energy levels.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five
E)six

Question 56

As the value of the crystal field splitting, $\Delta$ _o, increases from one complex ion to another, ________

A)the wavelength of absorbed light increases.
B)the wavelength of absorbed light decreases.
C)the number of d electrons increases.
D)the number of d electrons decreases.
E)the color of the solution shifts from red toward blue.

Question 57

Crystal field theory describes ________

A)how ligands cause the metal d orbitals to have different energies.
B)the covalent bonding in transition metal complexes.
C)how d orbitals change their shapes when ligands are present.
D)how metal s, p, and d orbitals are hybridized to bond with ligands.
E)the molecular orbitals that describe the bonding in transition metal complexes.

Question 58

Which statement describing the splitting of metal d orbitals in an octahedral complex ion is not correct?

A)The d orbitals are split into two energy levels.
B)One energy level is threefold degenerate.
C)One energy level is twofold degenerate.
D)The d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals have the lowest energy.
E)The d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals point directly at the ligands.

Question 59

Which statement concerning ligands in transition metal complexes is not correct?

A)The addition of ammonia to a chloro complex should generate the corresponding ammine complex because ammonia is a stronger Lewis base than chloride.
B)Ammonia is a stronger ligand than water because ammonia is a stronger Lewis base than water.
C)All ligands are Lewis bases.
D)Cyanide is a stronger ligand than water because cyanide is a stronger Lewis base than water.
E)Cyanide is a stronger ligand than fluoride because it is composed of two atoms.

Question 60

Complex ions with different ligands have different colors because the ligands ________

A)are different colors.
B)affect the energy levels of the lone-pair electrons on the metal.
C)have different energies for their bonding electrons.
D)affect the energy levels of the metal d orbitals.
E)have different energies for their lone-pair electrons.

Question 61

Which of the following ligands will cause the smallest crystal field splitting of the d orbitals in an octahedral complex?

A)OH^-
B)Br^-
C)CN^-
D)NO₂^-
E)EDTA^4-

Question 62

Which statement concerning the crystal field theory of octahedral transition metal complexes is not correct?

A)The crystal field splitting ( $\Delta$ _o) increases with increasing charge of the metal ion for the same set of ligands.
B)The crystal field splitting ( $\Delta$ _o) is determined solely by the charge of the transition metal complex ion.
C)The and orbitals are higher in energy than the d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals because these two point directly toward the ligands.
D)All ligands contribute to the strength of the crystal field.
E)The ordering of the orbitals, and are higher in energy than the d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals, is independent of the strength of the crystal field.

Question 63

Which of the following ligands will cause the largest crystal field splitting of the d orbitals in an octahedral complex?

A)H₂O
B)Br ^-
C)NH₃
D)CN^-
E)I^-

Question 64

How many d electrons are there in the chromium(III) ion?

A)0
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)2

Question 65

How many unpaired spins are there in the tetrahedral complex ion, NiCl₄^2-?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 66

Which d orbital(s) is/are highest in energy in a tetrahedral complex?

A)d_z²
B)d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz
C)d_z² and
D)
E)d_xy and d_xz

Question 67

Which d orbital(s) is/are lowest in energy in a tetrahedral complex?

A)d_z²
B)d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz
C)d_z² and
D)
E)d_xy and d_xz

Question 68

Which of the following complexes has the smallest crystal field splitting of the d orbitals?

A)CoF₆³
B)Co(CN)₆^3-
C)CoBr₆^3--
D)Co(H₂O)₆³⁺
E)CoI₆^3-

Question 69

How many unpaired spins are there in the square planar complex ion, AuCl₄^-?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Question 70

Which statement A— D concerning the crystal field theory of tetrahedral transition metal complexes is not correct?

A)The crystal field splitting ( $\Delta$ _o) increases with increasing charge of the metal ion for the same set of ligands.
B)The d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals are higher in energy than the d_z² and orbitals.
C)The crystal field splitting ( $\Delta$ _o) depends on the nature of the ligands and their positions in the spectrochemical series.
D)The lobes of the d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz orbitals are closer to the ligands at the four corners of the tetrahedron than are the lobes of the d_z² and d_x² - _y² orbitals.
E)Statements A-D all are correct.

Question 71

A strong crystal field produces a large value for the crystal field splitting, $\Delta$ _o, while a weak crystal field produces a small crystal field splitting. Which would be more likely to put a metal ion in a low-spin configuration?

A)strong field
B)weak field
C)left field
D)right field
E)center field

Question 72

Given that the observed absorption maximum for the complex ion CoF₆^3- in solution is $\lambda$ _max = 700 nm, what is the value of the crystal field splitting, $\Delta$ _o?

A)2.8 $\times$ 10^-19 J
B)2.8 $\times$ 10^-28 J
C)7.2 $\times$ 10³⁰ J
D)3.2 $\times$ 10^-36 J
E)7.2 $\times$ 10^-19 J

Question 73

Transition metals with ________ tend to form square planar complexes.

A)d ⁸ and d ⁹ configurations
B)d ¹ and d ² configurations
C)half-filled d orbitals
D)high spin
E)no d electrons

Question 74

Which d orbital is indicated by the arrow in the crystal field splitting diagram for a square planar field?

A)d_z²
B)d_yz
C)d_xz
D)d_x² - _y²
E)d_xy

Question 75

Which of the following complexes has the largest crystal field splitting of the d orbitals?

A)CoF₆^3-
B)Co(CN)₆^3-
C)CoBr₆^3-
D)Co(H₂O)₆³⁺
E)CoI₆^3-

Question 76

Which of the following cations would possess, the largest crystal field splitting ( $\Delta$ _o), assuming an identical ligand set for all ions?

A)Ti³⁺
B)Fe³⁺
C)Co²⁺
D)Cr⁴⁺
E)Cu⁺

Question 77

Which d orbitals are indicated by the arrow in the crystal field splitting diagram for a square planar field?

A)d_z² and d_x² - _y²
B)d_yz and d_xz
C)d_z² and d_xz
D)d_xy and d_x² - _y²
E)d_x² - _y² and d_yz

Question 78

A transition metal complex ion with octahedral geometry has a value of 4.4 $\times$ 10^-19 J for the crystal field splitting, $\Delta$ _o. What is the wavelength for the absorption maximum, $\lambda$ _max, for this complex ion?

A)5.0 $\times$ 10^-15 nm
B)452 nm
C)4.5 $\times$ 10^-16 nm
D)524 nm
E)637 nm

Question 79

A strong crystal field produces a large value for the crystal field splitting, $\Delta$ _o, while a weak crystal field produces a small crystal field splitting. Which would be more likely to put a metal ion in a high-spin configuration?

A)strong field
B)weak field
C)left field
D)right field
E)center field

Question 80

In a tetrahedral crystal field, ________

A)d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz are lower in energy than and d_z².
B) and d_z² are lower in energy than d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz.
C)d_xy, d_xz, d_yz, , and d_z² all have different energies.
D)d_xy, d_xz, d_yz, , and d_z² all have the same energy.
E)d_xy, d_xz, and d_yz have the same energy, and and d_z² have different energies.