Deck 14: Respiratory System

Question 1

The auditory tubes open into the

A)larynx.
B)nasal cavity.
C)pharynx.
D)oral cavity.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The glottis is

A)the opening between the vocal folds.
B)a cartilage in the larynx.
C)a cartilage in the pharynx.
D)the opening within the trachea.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is not a function of paranasal sinuses?

A)They serve as sound-resonating chambers during speech.
B)They contain olfactory receptors for the sense of smell.
C)They increase nasal cavity surface area.
D)They lighten the skull.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

From the nasal cavity, air passes, in sequence, through the _________ on the way to the lungs.

A)larynx, trachea, pharynx and bronchi
B)pharynx, trachea, larynx and bronchi
C)larynx, pharynx, trachea and bronchi
D)pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi

Question 5

The ________ project from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity increasing its surface area.

A)nasal bones
B)palatine bones
C)palatine tonsils
D)nasal conchae

Question 6

The upper respiratory tract consists of the

A)nose and oral cavity.
B)nose, pharynx, and larynx.
C)nose and pharynx.
D)nose, pharynx, larynx, and part of the trachea.

Question 7

The pitch of a sound is determined by the vibration

A)amplitude of both vocal folds and vestibular folds.
B)amplitude of vocal folds.
C)frequency of both vocal folds and vestibular folds.
D)frequency of vocal folds.

Question 8

Chemoreceptors in the medulla oblongata are not sensitive to

A)oxygen.
B)carbon dioxide.
C)hydrogen ions.
D)oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 9

Paranasal sinuses can be found in all of these bones except

A)sphenoid.
B)palatine bone.
C)ethmoid.
D)maxillae.

Question 10

___________ lack(s) cartilage

A)Trachea
B)Bronchioles
C)Lobar bronchi
D)Segmental bonchi

Question 11

The part of the respiratory system with the largest internal surface area is the ___________.

A)bronchi
B)visceral pleura
C)alveoli
D)trachea

Question 12

The auditory tubes

A)aid in moistening the inhaled air.
B)help equalize the air pressure on each side of the tympanic membrane.
C)contain the receptors for sensing sound waves.
D)aid in filtering the inhaled air.

Question 13

___________ play an important role in regulating the airflow through the air passageways.

A)Alveolar ducts
B)Trachea
C)Bronchioles
D)Lobar bronchi

Question 14

Microorganisms inhaled into the air passageways are most likely to be destroyed by

A)the cilia whipping them to death.
B)toxins in respiratory mucus.
C)gastric juice in stomach.
D)macrophages in the bronchial tree.

Question 15

The _________ projects anteriorly to form Adam's apple.

A)hyoid bone
B)epiglottis
C)thyroid cartilage
D)cricoid cartilage

Question 16

The divide between the nasal cavity and the oral cavity is formed by the

A)palate.
B)nasal conchae.
C)olfactory mucosa.
D)nasal septum.

Question 17

The inhaled air enters each lung lobe through a

A)main bronchus.
B)bronchiole.
C)segmental bronchus.
D)lobar bronchus.

Question 18

Each lung has only one

A)bronchiole.
B)lobar bronchus.
C)main bronchus.
D)segmental bronchus.

Question 19

The surfactant secreted by special cells in alveoli

A)keeps alveoli moist.
B)prevents alveoli from collapsing.
C)kills pathogens.
D)traps the inhaled particles.

Question 20

The epiglottis

A)prevents food and liquid from entering the pharynx.
B)assists in the production of sound.
C)prevents food and liquid from entering the larynx.
D)prevents food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity.

Question 21

The chemoreceptors that send sensory input to the respiratory centers are found in the following locations except the

A)wall of aortic arch.
B)pons.
C)medulla oblongata.
D)walls of external carotid arteries.

Question 22

The inspiratory reserve volume is the volume of air

A)that can be forcefully inhaled after a tidal volume inspiration.
B)inhaled during a quiet inspiration.
C)that can be forcefully exhaled after a tidal volume inspiration.
D)that can be forcefully inhaled after a tidal volume expiration.
E)that can be forcefully exhaled after a tidal volume expiration.

Question 23

The respiratory centers are located in the

A)midbrain and medulla oblogata.
B)pons and medulla oblongata.
C)hypothalamus and pons.
D)hypothalamus and medulla oblongata.

Question 24

The __________ is responsible for controlling the normal rhythmic cycle of breathing.

A)pontine respiratory group
B)dorsal respiratory group
C)hypothalamus
D)ventral respiratory group

Question 25

The _________ is the maximum volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a maximum forceful inspiration.

A)residual volume
B)expiratory reserve volume
C)total lung capacity
D)vital capacity

Question 26

Which of the following structures allow the exchange of gases between the inhaled air and the blood?

A)the alveoli and the alveolar ducts only
B)the alveoli, the bronchioles, and the alveolar ducts
C)the alveoli only
D)the alveoli and the bronchioles only

Question 27

Contraction of the diaphragm ________ intra-alveolar pressure resulting in ________.

A)increases; expiration
B)increases; inspiration
C)decreases; expiration
D)decreases; inspiration

Question 28

Quiet expiration requires the

A)contraction of the diaphragm and the internal intercostals only.
B)contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostals only.
C)relaxation of all the respiratory muscles.
D)contraction of the diaphragm only.

Question 29

Quiet inspiration requires the

A)contraction of the diaphragm only.
B)relaxation of all the respiratory muscles.
C)contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostals only.
D)contraction of the diaphragm and the internal intercostals only.

Question 30

The _________ is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum forceful expiration.

A)vital capacity
B)expiratory reserve volume
C)total lung capacity
D)residual volume

Question 31

The __________ receives input from higher brain centers and sends nerve impulse to the respiratory centers in the medulla oblongata to modify the breathing pattern.

A)ventral respiratory group
B)pontine respiratory group
C)hypothalamus
D)dorsal respiratory group

Question 32

The __________ serves as a center for receiving and integrating sensory input and sending nerve impulses to another respiratory center to make necessary changes in the breathing pattern.

A)ventral respiratory group
B)dorsal respiratory group
C)hypothalamus
D)pontine respiratory group

Question 33

The expiratory reserve volume is the volume of air

A)that can be forcefully exhaled after a tidal volume inspiration.
B)that can be forcefully inhaled after a tidal volume expiration.
C)exhaled during a quiet expiration.
D)that can be forcefully exhaled after a tidal volume expiration.
E)that can be forcefully inhaled after a tidal volume inspiration.

Question 34

The tidal volume is the volume of air

A)that can be forcefully exhaled after a tidal volume inspiration.
B)that can be forcefully exhaled after a tidal volume expiration.
C)that can be forcefully inhaled after a tidal volume expiration.
D)that can be forcefully inhaled after a tidal volume inspiration.
E)inhaled during a quiet inspiration.

Question 35

Forceful inspiration involves the contraction of

A)neck and abdominal muscles.
B)internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
C)internal intercostals and chest muscles.
D)neck and chest muscles.

Question 36

Which of the following structures is not a part of the larynx?

A)hyoid bone
B)epiglottis
C)thyroid cartilage
D)vestibular folds

Question 37

Forceful expiration involves the contraction of

A)neck and chest muscles.
B)internal intercostals and chest muscles.
C)internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
D)neck and abdominal muscles.

Question 38

In humans, the right lung consists of _______ lobes while the left has ______ lobes.

A)four; three
B)three; four
C)three; two
D)two; three

Question 39

A(n) __________ in the volume of the thoracic cavity _________ the intra-alveolar pressure, which causes __________.

A)increase; decreases; expiration
B)increase; increases; inspiration
C)increase; decreases; inspiration
D)decrease; decreases; expiration

Question 40

________ and the smaller air passageways are not lined with ciliated mucosae and cannot effectively remove the inhaled particles.

A)The bronchioles
B)The lobar bronchi
C)The alveolar ducts
D)The segmental bronchi

Question 41

About 23% of the CO₂ in the blood is transported as

A)bicarbonate ions.
B)carbaminohemoglobin.
C)dissolved CO₂ in the plasma.
D)carbonic anhydrase.

Question 42

___________ results from an insufficient production of surfactant in the alveoli, leading to alveolar collapse.

A)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
B)Asthma
C)Pneumothorax
D)Emphysema

Question 43

Most of the CO₂ in the blood is transported as

A)bicarbonate ions.
B)dissolved CO₂ in the plasma.
C)carbaminohemoglobin.
D)carbonic anhydrase.

Question 44

___________ occurs due to a thoracic injury or surgery that allows air to enter the pleural cavity; it causes the affected lung to collapse and become nonfunctional.

A)Pneumothorax
B)Infant respiratory distress syndrome
C)Asthma
D)Emphysema

Question 45

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries occurs by

A)diffusion.
B)osmosis.
C)filtration.
D)active transport.

Question 46

The rate and depth of breathing are affected by the following factors except

A)changes of blood pH.
B)irritants in the respiratory tract.
C)an increase in body temperature.
D)an increase in blood Ca²⁺ concentration.

Question 47

Most of the O₂ in the blood is transported as

A)carbonic anhydrase.
B)dissolved O₂ in the plasma.
C)oxyhemoglobin.
D)bicarbonate ions.

Question 48

Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction of carbon dioxide and water to form

A)carbaminohemoglobin.
B)bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.
C)bicarbonate ions.
D)carbonic acid.

Question 49

___________ results from long term exposure to airborne irritants; is characterized by a rupture of the alveoli, forming large spaces in the lungs.

A)Emphysema
B)Asthma
C)Pneumothorax
D)Infant respiratory distress syndrome

Question 50

During systemic gas exchange, CO₂ ___________ from the ____________ to the ____________.

A)diffuses; blood; interstitial fluid
B)is moved by active transport; interstitial fluid; blood
C)diffuses; interstitial fluid; blood
D)is moved by active transport; blood; interstitial fluid