Deck 28: Nutrition

Question 1

Which nutrient deficiency increases the risk for pressure ulcers?

A) Carbohydrate
B) Protein
C) Fat
D) Vitamin K

Answer 1

Protein

Question 2

A patient has anemia.An appropriate goal for that the patient would be for him to increase the intake of which nutrient?

A) Calcium
B) Magnesium
C) Potassium
D) Iron

Answer 2

Iron

Question 3

Which polysaccharide is stored in the liver?

A) Insulin
B) Ketones
C) Glycogen
D) Glucose

Answer 3

Glycogen

Question 4

Patients may be deficient in which vitamin during the winter months?

A) A
B) D
C) E
D) K

Question 5

The nurse notices that a patient has spoon-shaped,brittle nails.This suggests that the patient is experiencing Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements related to deficiency of which of the following nutrients?

A) Iron
B) Vitamin A
C) Protein
D) Vitamin C

Question 6

During the day shift,a patient's temperature measures 97 $\degree$ F (36.1 $\degree$ C)orally.At 2000,the patient's temperature measures 102 $\degree$ F (38.9 $\degree$ C).What effect does this rise in temperature have on the patient's basal metabolic rate?

A) Increases the rate by 7%
B) Decreases the rate by 14%
C) Increases the rate by 35%
D) Decreases the rate by 28%

Question 7

A patient with leg cramps is irritable and febrile and has dry mucous membranes.Based on these findings,the patient most likely has excess levels of which mineral?

A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Phosphorus
D) Magnesium

Question 8

The nurse is providing nutrition counseling for a patient planning pregnancy.The nurse should emphasize the importance of consuming which nutrient to prevent neural tube defects?

A) Folic acid
B) Calcium
C) Protein
D) Vitamin D

Question 9

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted with hyperglycemia and associated acidosis.Which alternative fuel in the body is responsible for the acidosis?

A) Glycogen
B) Insulin
C) Ketones
D) Proteins

Question 10

A patient with trigeminal neuralgia is prescribed a mechanical soft diet.This diet places the patient at risk for which complication?

A) Dehydration
B) Constipation
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Diarrhea

Question 11

While addressing a community group,the nurse explains the importance of replacing saturated fats in the diet with mono- and polyunsaturated fats.Which complication can be reduced if this action is taken?

A) Kidney failure
B) Liver failure
C) Stroke
D) Lung cancer

Question 12

Which nutritional goal is appropriate for a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension?

A) Limit his intake of protein.
B) Avoid foods containing gluten.
C) Restrict his use of sodium.
D) Limit his intake of potassium-rich foods.

Question 13

A middle-aged patient with a history of alcohol abuse is admitted with acute pancreatitis.This patient will most likely be deficient in which nutrient?

A) Iron
B) B vitamins
C) Calcium
D) Phosphorus

Question 14

A patient who was prescribed furosemide (Lasix)is deficient in potassium.Therefore,the patient should be instructed to increase his intake of which foods?

A) Bananas,peaches,molasses,and potatoes
B) Eggs,baking soda,and baking powder
C) Wheat bran,chocolate,eggs,and sardines
D) Egg yolks,nuts,and sardines

Question 15

After instructing a mother about nutrition for a preschool-age child,which statement by the mother would indicate correct understanding of the topic?

A) "I usually use dessert only as a reward for eating other foods."
B) "I will hide vegetables in casseroles and stews to get my child to eat them."
C) "I do not give my child snacks; they simply spoil his appetite for meals."
D) "I know that lifelong food habits are developed during this stage of life."

Question 16

A patient who underwent surgery 24 hours ago is prescribed a clear liquid diet.The patient asks for something to drink.Which item may the nurse provide for the patient?

A) Tea with cream
B) Orange juice
C) Gelatin
D) Skim milk

Question 17

Which patient is most likely experiencing positive nitrogen balance?

A) Third-degree burns of his legs
B) In the sixth month of a healthy pregnancy
C) Resident from a nursing home who has been refusing to eat
D) Experiencing acute pancreatitis

Question 18

Which organ relies almost exclusively on glucose for energy?

A) Liver
B) Heart
C) Pancreas
D) Brain

Question 19

A mother brings her 4-month-old infant for a well-baby checkup.The mother tells the nurse that she would like to start bottle feeding her baby because she cannot keep up with the demands of breastfeeding since returning to work.Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

A) "Make sure you give your baby an iron-fortified formula to supplement any stored breast milk you have."
B) "You really need to continue breastfeeding your baby."
C) "Give your baby formula until he is 6 months old; then you can introduce whole milk."
D) "Your baby weighs 14 pounds,so he will require about 36 ounces of formula a day."

Question 20

Which food provides the body with no usable glucose?

A) Wheat germ
B) Apple
C) White bread
D) White rice

Question 21

The nurse is teaching a patient about the importance of reducing saturated fats in his diet.The nurse will recognize that learning has occurred if,upon questioning,the patient replies that he should read product labels to eliminate the intake of which saturated fat? Select all that apply.

A) Palm oil
B) Coconut oil
C) Canola oil
D) Peanut oil
E) Olive oil

Question 22

Which laboratory test result most accurately reflects a patient's nutritional status?

A) Albumin
B) Prealbumin
C) Transferrin
D) Hemoglobin

Question 23

Which instruction should the nurse give to the patient experiencing constipation? Select all that apply.

A) Drink at least eight glasses of water or noncaffeinated fluid per day.
B) Include a minimum of four servings of meat per day.
C) Consume a high-fiber diet.
D) Exercise as you feel necessary.
E) Eat meals on a regular schedule.

Question 24

A 52-year-old man has a triceps skinfold thickness of 18 mm,and his weight exceeds the ideal body weight for his height by 23%.Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse identify for this patient?

A) Obesity
B) Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: More Than Body Requirements
C) Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
D) Readiness for Enhanced Nutrition

Question 25

For a patient with Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements related to Impaired Swallowing,which nursing intervention is appropriate? Select all that apply.

A) Check inside the mouth for pocketing of food after eating.
B) Provide a full liquid diet that is easy to swallow.
C) Remind the patient to raise the chin slightly to prepare for swallowing.
D) Keep the head of the bed elevated for 30 to 45 minutes after feeding.
E) Provide with a straw for drinking fluids.

Question 26

Where in the body is glucose stored? Select all that apply.

A) Brain
B) Liver
C) Skeletal muscles
D) Smooth muscles
E) Intestines

Question 27

The nurse prepares to conduct anthropometric measurements with a client.Where should the nurse measure skinfold thickness?

A) Triceps
B) Quadriceps
C) Gastrocnemius
D) Gluteus maximus

Question 28

The nurse prepares to calculate a client's body mass index (BMI).What will the nurse need to measure to make this calculation? Select all that apply.

A) Pulse
B) Height
C) Weight
D) Blood pressure
E) Respiratory rate

Question 29

A client reports difficulty with smoking cessation efforts.Which direction should the nurse provide to ensure for this client's nutritional status?

A) Avoid all intake of vitamin E.
B) Reduce the intake of vitamin B each day.
C) Take a vitamin C supplement of 2,000 mg/day.
D) Increase the intake of vitamin D to 2,000 U per day.

Question 30

Which intervention would help to prevent or relieve persistent nausea?

A) Assess for signs of dehydration.
B) Provide dietary supplements.
C) Have the patient sit in an upright position for 30 minutes after eating.
D) Immediately remove any food that the patient cannot eat.

Question 31

A patient's 2:1 parenteral nutrition (PN)container infuses before the pharmacy prepares the next container.This places the patient at risk for which complication?

A) Sepsis
B) Pneumothorax
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Thrombophlebitis

Question 32

Which portion of a nutritional assessment must the registered nurse complete?

A) Analyzing the data
B) Obtaining intake and output
C) Weighing the patient
D) Obtaining the history

Question 33

To promote wound healing,the nurse is teaching a patient about choosing foods containing protein.The nurse will evaluate that learning has occurred if the patient recognizes which food(s)as an incomplete protein that should be consumed with a complementary protein? Select all that apply.

A) Whole grain bread
B) Peanut butter
C) Chicken
D) Eggs
E) Meat

Question 34

A client who follows a vegan eating plan is experiencing numbness and tingling of the fingers and toes.Which supplement should the nurse recommend to this client?

A) C
B) B₁₂
C) Zinc
D) Magnesium

Question 35

The nurse is preparing an educational program on nutrition for a group of community members.What should the nurse include as "bad stuff" when discussing dietary guidelines? Select all that apply.

A) Limit salt intake.
B) Wash fruit before eating.
C) Rinse meat before cooking.
D) Wash hands before preparing food.
E) Ingest alcohol in moderation.