Deck 7: The Path to Commitment: Attraction, Dating, Partnering, and Cohabitation

Question 1

________ are the benefits (the payback, profits, or compensations) that are exchanged in social relationships, or what bring pleasure, satisfaction, and gratification.

A) Pros
B) Costs
C) Rewards
D) Fringe benefits

Answer 1

C

Question 2

________ means that we must marry outside of a particular group. In the United States, for example, we cannot marry a sibling or a first cousin.

A) Propinquity
B) Exogamy
C) Endogamy
D) Homogamy

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What purpose does dating serve in a person's lifespan development?

A) socialization
B) recreation
C) mate selection
D) all of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Using a filter mechanism, individuals will sort out a potential mate from a group of eligible partners. This group is known as what?

A) focus group
B) partner pool
C) booty call
D) pool of candidates

Question 5

Recent research indicates that women rate emotional stability and commitment to marriage and family _____.

A) on an equal scale with men
B) more highly than men
C) less highly than men
D) higher than physical strength

Question 6

According to Darwin, the primary evolutionary biological goal of males in mate selection is _____.

A) to impregnate as many women as possible
B) to find fulfillment through emotional bonding
C) to provide for as many females as possible
D) none of the above

Question 7

Darwin believed that all species, including humans, make the most of genetic potential through ________, a form of natural selection.

A) sexual selection
B) physical strength
C) genetic selection
D) alphonsic predilection

Question 8

________ refers to the notion that certain groups marry within that same group, such as Muslims marrying Muslims or Asians marrying Asians.

A) Homogamy
B) Heterogamy
C) Exogamy
D) Endogamy

Question 9

A ________ increases the likelihood or probability that a person will NOT take part in a given behavior. These can be experienced as punishments (lost rewards) because individuals may engage in one behavior over another.

A) reward
B) con
C) negative aspect
D) cost

Question 10

________ refers to partners who are of different races, religions, and ethnicities. It also refers to partners of different ages.

A) Exogamy
B) Homogamy
C) Endogamy
D) Heterogamy

Question 11

The ________ refers to the fact that most of us want a "socially desirable person regardless of his or her own level of social desirability" (Sprecher, 1998). To put it another way, people who possess socially desirable characteristics (such as, beauty, wealth, status, and education) tend to partner with people who also possess these same desirable characteristics; their resources are equally matched.

A) social exchange theory
B) social filter hypothesis
C) matching hypothesis
D) social parity hypothesis

Question 12

In contemporary Western societies, ________ is an occasion where people get together socially for any number of reasons, such as a means of relaxation and escape from everyday responsibilities ("hanging out"), pursuing a relationship to determine whether the partner is a potential spouse or a partner for a life-long relationship ("going out"), or getting together sexually with no strings attached ("hooking up").

A) dating
B) courtship
C) engagement
D) marriage

Question 13

Women tend to seek out a mate who possesses ________ cues, such as intelligence, physical strength, and ambition.

A) father figure
B) selectibility
C) availability
D) protector/provider

Question 14

________ was a British scientist and environmentalist who became famous for his belief that nature selects the best adapted varieties of specifies to survive and reproduce.

A) Karl Marx
B) Neville Chamberlain
C) Charles Darwin
D) Stephen Hawking

Question 15

When seeking mates, men will select women who possess certain ________, such as youth and curves.

A) availability cues
B) positive signals
C) sexuality traits
D) fertility cues

Question 16

________ refers to partnering with someone who is similar to you - similar in ethnic and racial background, religious upbringing, age, education level, political ideology, socioeconomic status, and values and beliefs.

A) Homogamy
B) Propinquity
C) Homogeneity
D) Heterogamy

Question 17

Propinquity has a lot to do with partner selection. "Propinquity" refers to what?

A) number of fertility cues
B) partnering with someone who is similar to you
C) geographic closeness
D) provider cues

Question 18

The ________ theory asserts that individuals are thought to act out of self -interest in ways to maximize and make the most of the resources they possess. This theory helps to explain what motivates individuals to act.

A) social exchange
B) social rewards
C) cost exchange
D) love economic model

Question 19

________ involves practices that groom young adults for marriage, practices that are socially prescribed forms of conduct that guide men and women toward matrimony.

A) Engagement
B) Cohabitation
C) Dating
D) Courtship

Question 20

Cross-culturally women seek out men as marriage mates who are culturally successful and display certain dominant behaviors. Which of the following is NOT listed in the text as one of these behaviors?

A) intelligence
B) ambition
C) industry
D) physical strength

Question 21

The primary, evolutionary biological goal of males in mate selection is to find one life partner.

Question 22

White and Klein (2002) suggest that because exchange theory focuses on cost-benefit analysis, tenets of this framework are helpful in aiding those working with families and individual family members to employ intervention and prevention strategies that focus on increasing positive/rewarding behaviors and decreasing negative/costly behavioral interactions.

Question 23

During this stage of Knapp's relationship escalation model, the couple reaches a shared level of interdependence. Knapp notes that it is during this relationship stage that some type of formal, official announcement is made of the couple's commitment to one another (such as an engagement or marriage).

A) bonding/intimacy
B) integrating
C) experimenting/exploration
D) intensification

Question 24

Endogamy refers to the notion that certain groups marry within that same group.

Question 25

When it comes to body shape and size, women find muscular men more attractive than average-sized men.

Question 26

In a recent study that surveyed over 600 West Coast college students, the researchers found that of those that have hooked up, most had only done it once or twice.

Question 27

________ refers to physical interactions (usually sexual in nature) with the absence of commitment or affection.

A) Courtship
B) Booty call
C) Hooking up
D) Speed dating

Question 28

The social exchange theory presents the notion that when presented with a situation in your interpersonal or family relationships, you sensibly and judiciously analyze the ratio of the rewards to the costs, and you then make a decision that results in the greatest reward.

Question 29

According to Stephen Duck, we use different types of cues to sort interpersonal relationship information. If we find we want to spend more time with someone, we rely on ________ cues, which tell us more about a person than just a superficial, casual level. Based on these cues, we then determine whether any of these match who we are and what we need or desire in a life partner. At this point, after much self-disclosure and time, we decide to try to take the relationship to a deeper level and enter into a committed partnership.

A) interaction
B) preinteraction
C) cognitive
D) sociological

Question 30

The concept of dating has been around since the middle ages.

Question 31

________ is a term used to describe the living arrangements of unmarried, intimate partners who typically have a sexual relationship.

A) Friends-with-benefits
B) Booty call
C) Courtship
D) Cohabitation

Question 32

Though the customs and rituals may vary across racial, cultural, ethnic, economic, and religious boundaries, people come together to form pair bonds, or couples.

Question 33

All societies have certain beliefs and expectations when it comes to selecting a mate.

Question 34

According to research, when white college women describe hooking up, there is always a clear sexual connotation to the term. On the other hand, when blacks describe hooking up, they describe it ranging from getting someone's phone number, to meeting up with someone after class, to going on a date, to a sexual fling.

Question 35

________ allows people to meet each other face to face to decide if they share mutual interests and if they are interested in another, more extended, date.

A) Cohabitation
B) Speed dating
C) Hooking-up
D) Booty call

Question 36

________ or ________ are the terms used to describe two people who have regular sex with one another, but who do not relate as boyfriend and girlfriend.

A) Hooking up; speed dating
B) Sexual friendship; domestic partners
C) Friends with benefits; booty call
D) Sex friends; homeys

Question 37

Part of Knapp's relationship escalation model, this stage can be thought of as the information-gathering stage of a relationship. While individuals still have not spent a lot of time together, it is at this point that they gather enough information, through casual conversation, to determine if either party desires to continue the relationship.

A) intensification
B) integrating
C) initiation
D) experimenting/exploration

Question 38

Part of Knapp's relationship escalation model, this is when the two individuals become a "couple" and are identified as a couple among their friends and family. Each shares their relational identity.

A) integrating
B) intensification
C) initiation
D) bonding/intimacy

Question 39

According to Stephen Duck, we use different types of cues to sort interpersonal relationship information. These cues provide at-a-glance information that help us decide whether we would even consider wanting a date with a certain person.

A) preinteraction
B) incidental
C) cognitive
D) interaction

Question 40

According to Stephen Duck, we use different types of cues to sort interpersonal relationship information. The first of which is the ________ cue, which relates to the restrictions and limitations placed on our ability to meet people. These cues speak to a person's sociological location or position, or the places where we live and work.

A) preinteraction
B) sociological
C) interaction
D) cognitive

Question 41

There are several factors that contribute to whether a person chooses to live with an intimate partner and forego the traditional path of marriage. Name four.

Question 42

According to Darwin's theory, describe the main goal for males in mate selection.

Question 43

In certain mainstream religious denominations, this concept, which is seen as a reaction to contemporary dating, is making a comeback.

Question 44

The Surma people of a remote region of southwest Ethiopia engage in an annual courtship ritual where hundreds of men join together to fight for the available women. To woo a potential bride, the men engage in a mock display of violence, wielding and wildly swinging large sticks. This is an example of one culture's way of people forming ________.

Question 45

Moral commitment refers to those commitments bound by institutions such as marriage.

Question 46

In the process of mate selection we (consciously or unconsciously) filter or sort through certain variables to determine if the person is someone we desire to partner with. The text lists five variables. What are they?

Question 47

In a recent survey of over 50,000 respondents, Olson and Olson-Sigg (2007) found six contemporary reasons that couples live together before marriage. Name three.

Question 48

Briefly explain the filter theory of mate selection.

Question 49

How does alcohol consumption come into play with regards to hooking up?

Question 50

What is the matching hypothesis?

Question 51

Explain Darwin's concept of sexual selection.

Question 52

What are relational transgressions? Please provide examples.

Question 53

Which cultures exhibit the lowest levels of cohabitation and why?

Question 54

While it is clear that public opinion approves of this relational pathway, family life specialists and researchers are not so sure this relationship course is the best route.

Question 55

Personal commitment refers to the feelings, thoughts, and beliefs we have about a spouse, life-mate, or significant other.

Question 56

Cohabitation before marriage or in place of marriage is by and large a positive relationship experience.

Question 57

What is the current rate of cohabitation?

Question 58

Almost one-half of adults in their 20s and 30s live together before marriage.

Question 59

Researchers contend that living together before marriage does not appear to be a substitute marriage (a long-term commitment between intimate partners that does not involve legal marriage), or a trial marriage (living together to see what marriage would be like). If cohabitation is not seen as an alternative to being married, then what is it?

Question 60

When all is said done and we have exhausted all propinquity, social, and physical attractiveness filters, we look at what someone can offer us that we cannot find in anyone else. The text refers to this as the ________ filter.

Question 61

The text suggests four guidelines for internet dating. What are they? Please include examples/explanations.

Question 62

Researchers have consistently found that cohabitation is by and large a negative relationship experience. Describe in detail some of their findings.

Question 63

Compare and contrast the primary goal of mate selection for males and females according to evolutionary theory.

Question 64

Mark Knapp, communication studies author, studied interpersonal relationships to better determine how they develop. His work is oftentimes referred to as the relationship escalation model. List and explain his five points of progression for relationships.

Question 65

How has the internet affected the way men and women connect romantically? How pervasive is it? Are there any risks?