Deck 34: Social Construction of Gender

Question 1

Fear of and prejudice against homosexuality is called

A)homophobia.
B)gay fright.
C)Ebonics.
D)heterophobia.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

For every one stay-at-home dad there are ________ stay-at-home moms.

A)6
B)15
C)27
D)38

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The expectation that a woman will be nurturing is an example of

A)a genetic trait.
B)a gender role.
C)homophobia.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following terms refers to expectations regarding the proper behavior,attitudes,and activities of males and females?

A)expressiveness
B)gender roles
C)gender schema
D)instrumentality

Question 5

Which perspective suggests that men may originally have become powerful in preindustrial times because their size,physical strength,and freedom from childbearing duties allowed them to dominate women physically,but in contemporary societies such considerations are not so important?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 6

Which sociological perspective has influenced the creation of the feminist perspective the most?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 7

Which sociologist discussed the concept of and coined the term for multiple masculinities?

A)Arlie Hochschild
B)R.W.Connell
C)Margaret Mead
D)Robert Merton

Question 8

Which of the following terms is used by Talcott Parsons and Robert Bales to refer to an emphasis on tasks,a focus on more distant goals,and a concern for the external relationship between one's family and other social institutions?

A)identification
B)instrumentality
C)expressiveness
D)gender identity

Question 9

When Ted consoles his sister about a difficult romantic breakup,works a day shift as a construction worker,and sings nursery rhymes to his young daughter so that she may fall asleep,he is portraying

A)expressiveness.
B)multiple masculinities.
C)instrumentality.
D)gender expectations.

Question 10

Research on children's books published in the U.S.in the 1940s,1950s,and 1960s indicates that

A)females were significantly overrepresented in central roles and illustrations.
B)female characters were portrayed as passive and in need of strong males.
C)females were portrayed as competent and generally equal to males.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 11

Some radical feminist theorists view the oppression of women in male-dominated societies as

A)retribution.
B)inevitable.
C)hyperreactive.
D)merely a falsity.

Question 12

A man doing which of the following would be a violation of the male gender role?

A)playing football
B)getting into a fight
C)joining a knitting circle
D)spitting

Question 13

According to Talcott Parsons and Robert Bales,the expressive role is performed by

A)men.
B)women.
C)children.
D)whichever adult has a career.

Question 14

Functionalists view gender roles in which of the following ways?

A)Gender roles assist in keeping women oppressed within the family structure.
B)Gender roles have a bias toward male power.
C)Gender roles are necessary to keep the family in balance.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 15

Conflict theorists view gender differences as

A)a reflection of the subjugation of one group,such as women,by another group,such as men.
B)necessary for the effective accomplishment of family and societal tasks.
C)unrelated to the overall exploitation and injustice found in capitalist societies.
D)All of these answers are correct.

Question 16

Although it does not explicitly endorse traditional gender roles,which sociological perspective implies that dividing tasks between spouses is beneficial for the family unit?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 17

Which of the following terms is used by Talcott Parsons and Robert Bales to refer to concern for the maintenance of harmony and the internal emotional affairs of the family?

A)expressiveness
B)identification
C)instrumentality
D)gender roles

Question 18

The idea that men play a variety of gender roles,including a nurturing-caring role and an effeminate-gay role,in addition to their traditional gender role of dominating women,is referred to as

A)multidimensional males.
B)multiple masculinities.
C)multifaceted men.
D)None of these answers is correct.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the feminist movement is true?

A)There was no feminist movement in the U.S.until the 1980s.
B)Among the most important early critiques of women's position in society and culture was John Stuart Mill's The Subjection of Women (originally published in 1869).
C)Modern feminist theory is based on the interactionist perspective.
D)Friedrich Engels argued that the rise of industrialization benefited women.

Question 20

Using an analogy to Marx's analysis of class conflict,conflict theorists would argue that women are in a position comparable to that of the

A)bourgeoisie.
B)proletariat.
C)middle class.
D)upper class.

Question 21

Which sociological perspective emphasizes that patterns of male dominance in cross-sex conversations that express themselves in day-to-day exchanges represent one more battlegrounds in the struggle for gender equality as women try to get a word in edgewise?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective

Question 22

Most people do not display strictly "masculine" or "feminine" qualities all the time.

Question 23

Although male dominance in cross-sex conversations is an example of a micro-level analysis,it is also a reflection of macro-level relationships.Which sociological perspective(s)would focus on the macro-level forces that influence these male-female conversations?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)both the functionalist and conflict perspectives

Question 24

Which sociologist coined the term matrix of domination?

A)Patricia Hill Collins
B)Karl Marx
C)bell hooks
D)Ida Wells-Barnett

Question 25

Describe the process involved in the social construction of gender roles in a society.Give some examples to support your answer.

Question 26

Recent research suggests that men who shave their body hair,cry in public,and have pedicures are violating gender norms.

Question 27

Which of the following would be an example of a man "redoing" traditional gender?

A)fist fighting in public
B)organizing a birthday lunch at work
C)not crying when hurt
D)carrying lots of heavy items

Question 28

Which term refers to the convergence of social forces that contributes to the subordinate status of poor non-White women?

A)web of power
B)kitchen prison
C)matrix of domination
D)gender trap

Question 29

We socially construct our behavior so that male-female differences are either created or exaggerated.

Question 30

Explain why roller-derby girls would not fit into the traditional U.S.gender roles.

Question 31

Roller-derby girls conform to traditional gender roles within the United States.

Question 32

The overwhelming majority of people begin with a definite sex and quickly receive societal messages about how to behave.

Question 33

A conflict theorist would argue that men's work is uniformly valued,while women's work (whether unpaid labor in the home or wage labor)is devalued.

Question 34

Which of the following would be an example of men traditionally "doing masculinity"?

A)opening a door for a female
B)styling hair
C)feeding a baby
D)crying in public

Question 35

Who argued that women's subjugation coincided with the rise of private property during industrialization?

A)Friedrich Engels
B)Ralf Dahrendorf
C)Talcott Parsons
D)Robert Bales

Question 36

Educators are concerned about the reasons girls and young women are affected by the verbal dominance of males in classroom settings.Which sociological perspective would be most likely to address this issue?

A)functionalist perspective
B)conflict perspective
C)interactionist perspective
D)global perspective