Deck 2: Cat Dissection Exercises

Question 1

Which of the following muscles is NOT located in the neck?

A) sternomastoid
B) teres major
C) sternohyoid
D) digastric
E) mylohyoid

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which muscle, that originates on the acromion process of the scapula and inserts on the proximal end of the humerus, functions to flex the forelimb and rotate it laterally?

A) levator scapulae ventralis
B) clavodeltoid
C) acromiotrapezius
D) latissimus dorsi
E) acromiodeltoid

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which group of muscles covers the ventral surface of the chest?

A) trapezius group
B) deltoid group
C) rhomboideus group
D) pectoralis group

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which muscle of the rhomboideus group is NOT found in humans?

A) rhomboideus major
B) rhomboideus capitus
C) rhomboideus minor

Question 5

Which muscle of the neck functions to turn and depress the head?

A) sternomastoid
B) mylohyoid
C) digastric
D) sternohyoid

Question 6

Which muscle is located at the axillary border of the scapula?

A) splenius
B) supraspinatus
C) infraspinatus
D) rhomboideus major
E) teres major

Question 7

Cats have all of the same muscles as humans, and therefore they are an ideal specimen to study.

A) True
B) False

Question 8

Which group of muscles covers the dorsal surface of the neck and scapula?

A) trapezius group
B) deltoid group
C) rhomboideus group
D) pectoralis group

Question 9

Which muscle is a broad, flat, and thin muscle that covers most of the lateral surface of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae?

A) teres major
B) supraspinatus
C) infraspinatus
D) rhomboideus major
E) splenius

Question 10

In cats, the trapezius group of muscles is composed of three distinct muscles. How many muscle(s) make up the trapezius in humans?

A) two
B) one
C) three
D) four

Question 11

Which term refers to the tail end of a four-legged animal?

A) superior
B) caudal
C) inferior
D) cephalic

Question 12

How should the skin be separated from the underlying fascia?

A) use the pointed end of a pair of scissors to separate the skin from the underlying muscle and connective tissues
B) use the scalpel to separate the skin from the underlying muscle and connective tissues
C) use your fingers or a blunt probe to separate the skin from the underlying muscle and connective tissues

Question 13

Where should the first incision be made when dissecting a cat?

A) on the lateral side of the ventral surface near the neck
B) on the midline of the ventral surface just anterior to the tail
C) on the lateral side of the dorsal surface near the neck
D) on the midline of the dorsal surface just anterior to the tail

Question 14

Which letter is marking the teres major in this figure?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 15

Which term refers to the ventral surface of a four-legged animal?

A) inferior
B) superior
C) caudal
D) cephalic

Question 16

Which group of muscles comprises the shoulder muscles?

A) trapezius group
B) deltoid group
C) rhomboideus group
D) pectoralis group

Question 17

Which muscle is a large, flat muscle that lays posterior to the trapezius group?

A) deltoid group
B) levator scapulae ventralis
C) latissimus dorsi
D) supraspinatus

Question 18

Which statement regarding the storage of your cat is most correct?

A) The cat should be stored in a sealed bag covered in distilled water.
B) The cat should be stored in a sealed bag with exposed muscles covered with paper towels that have been dampened with fixative.
C) The cat should be dried and stored in a sealed bag.
D) The cat should be stored on the dissecting pan without any coverings.

Question 19

To begin dissecting the cat, place it ________ side down on the dissecting tray.

A) dorsal
B) caudal
C) cephalic
D) ventral

Question 20

Which of the following muscles is NOT found in humans?

A) levator scapulae ventralis
B) latissimus dorsi
C) trapezius
D) deltoid

Question 21

Which of the following abdominal muscles do the other three abdominal muscles insert on?

A) rectus abdominis
B) internal oblique
C) external oblique
D) transverse abdominis

Question 22

The muscles of the pectoralis group originate on which bone?

A) humerus
B) sternum
C) clavicle
D) cervical vertebra
E) mandible

Question 23

Which muscle is correctly matched to its origin and insertion?

A) sartorius; originates on the ischium and pubic symphysis and inserts on the medial surface of the tibia
B) gluteus medius; originates on the ilium and the transverse processes of the last sacral and first caudal vertebrae and inserts on the femur
C) gracilis; originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the tibia
D) pectineus; originates on the crest of the ilium and inserts into the fascia lata

Question 24

How many points of origin does the triceps brachii have?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 25

Identify the serratus dorsalis in the following image.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 26

Which of the following muscles functions to extend the foot?

A) extensor digitorum longus
B) flexor digitorum longus
C) fibularis longus
D) fibularis tertius
E) gastrocnemius

Question 27

Which muscle of the hamstring group functions to extend the thigh?

A) biceps femoris
B) semitendinosus
C) semimembranosus
D) vastus lateralis

Question 28

Which of the following muscles is correctly matched to its origin and insertion?

A) fibularis longus; originates on the tibial tuberosity and inserts on each of the five digits
B) extensor digitorum longus; originates on the lateral epicondyle of the femur and inserts on each of the five digits
C) gastrocnemius; originates on the proximal ends of the tibia and fibula and inserts on the first metatarsal
D) tibialis anterior; originates on the fibula and inserts on the calcaneus
E) fibularis brevis; originates on the fibula and inserts on the base of the fifth metatarsal

Question 29

Identify the muscle labeled "A" in the following figure.

A) palmaris longus
B) flexor carpi ulnaris
C) biceps brachii
D) epitrochlearis
E) triceps brachii

Question 30

Which muscle is located on the ventrolateral surface of the humerus and functions to flex the forelimb?

A) biceps brachii
B) brachialis
C) triceps brachii
D) brachioradialis

Question 31

The biceps brachii functions as ________.

A) an extensor of the carpal joints
B) an extensor of the forelimb
C) a flexor of the digits
D) a flexor of the forelimb

Question 32

Which of the following muscles is NOT a component of the quadriceps femoris?

A) biceps femoris
B) vastus lateralis
C) vastus intermedius
D) vastus medialis
E) tectus femoris

Question 33

Which muscle functions to adduct and rotate the femur as well as extend the tibia?

A) gluteus medius
B) gracilis
C) sartorius
D) pectineus

Question 34

Which of these muscles is the most superficial and lateral muscle of the abdominal muscles?

A) external oblique
B) internal oblique
C) transverse abdominis
D) rectus abdominis

Question 35

How many layers of muscles comprise the intercostal group of muscles?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Question 36

Which muscle of the neck functions to elevate the mandible?

A) mylohyoid
B) masseter
C) digastric
D) sternohyoid
E) sternomastoid

Question 37

Identify the fibularis longus in the following figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 38

Identify the serratus ventralis in the following image.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 39

Which muscle is found in cats but NOT humans?

A) biceps brachii
B) epitrochlearis
C) flexor carpi radialis
D) brachialis

Question 40

Which muscle of the quadriceps femoris group lies deep to the rectus femoris?

A) vastus lateralis
B) vastus intermedius
C) vastus medialis
D) semimembranosus

Question 41

Identify the common fibular nerve in the following figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 42

List the layers of the meningeal membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord from most superficial to deepest: 1. Pia mater
2) Arachnoid mater
3) Dura mater

A) 3, 2, 1
B) 1, 2, 3
C) 1, 3, 2
D) 3, 1, 2
E) 2, 3, 1

Question 43

Damage to the radial nerve would impact which muscle?

A) coracobrachialis
B) biceps brachii
C) triceps brachii
D) pectoralis

Question 44

Which nerve extends along the lateral side of the hindlimb?

A) median nerve
B) tibial nerve
C) common fibular nerve
D) musculocutaneous nerve

Question 45

Identify the sciatic nerve in the following figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 46

Identify the radial nerve in the following image.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 47

Which nerve is the most posterior nerve of the brachial plexus?

A) ulnar nerve
B) radial nerve
C) brachial nerve
D) median nerve

Question 48

The spinal nerves are formed by the ________.

A) dorsal and ventral roots
B) pia mater
C) dura mater

Question 49

Which nerve plexus is shown in this figure?

A) lumbar plexus
B) sacral plexus
C) brachial plexus
D) cervical plexus

Question 50

Which two muscles act antagonistically?

A) tibialis anterior; fibularis longus
B) flexor digitorum longus; gastrocnemius
C) gastrocnemius; soleus
D) extensor digitorum longus; flexor digitorum longus

Question 51

Which muscle lies deep to the gastrocnemius?

A) extensor digitorum longus
B) fibularis longus
C) soleus
D) tibialis anterior

Question 52

To dissect the spinal cord, you must first cut through this, the outermost layer of the meninges.

A) dura mater
B) arachnoid mater
C) pia mater

Question 53

Identify the thymus gland in the following figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 54

Identify the median nerve in the following image.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 55

Which nerve supplies the coracobrachial and biceps brachii muscles of the ventral forelimb and the skin of the forelimb?

A) musculocutaneous nerve
B) radial nerve
C) median nerve
D) ulnar nerve

Question 56

Identify the adrenal gland in the following figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 57

In the spinal cord the ________ matter is deep to the ________ matter.

A) gray; white
B) white; gray

Question 58

Both cats and humans have pairs of spinal nerves extending from the spinal cord. While cats have between 38 to 40 pairs, humans typically have ________ pairs.

A) 6
B) 12
C) 24
D) 31

Question 59

The common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve branch from which nerve?

A) sciatic nerve
B) femoral nerve

Question 60

The sciatic nerve extends from which nerve plexus?

A) cervical
B) sacral
C) brachial

Question 61

Identify the major arterial vessel which gives rise to all major arteries except those that supply the lungs.

A) celiac trunk
B) pulmonary trunk
C) ligamentum arteriosum
D) precava
E) aorta

Question 62

The fetal pulmonary trunk is attached to the fetal aorta via the ________.

A) ductus arteriosus
B) ligamentum arteriosum
C) brachiocephalic artery
D) left subclavian artery

Question 63

The adrenal medulla secretes which hormone during times of excitement, stress, and exercise?

A) norepinephrine
B) thymosin
C) testosterone
D) erythropoietin
E) mineralcorticoids

Question 64

Which of the following arteries does NOT branch off from the brachial artery?

A) axillary artery
B) median cubital artery
C) collateral ulnar artery
D) radial artery
E) ulnar artery

Question 65

Identify the gland in the figure that produces insulin and glucagon.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 66

Which organ, located in the female pelvic cavity, produces estrogen?

A) testis
B) ovary
C) pancreas
D) parathyroid gland
E) thyroid gland

Question 67

Which artery/arteries supply blood to the brachium?

A) axillary artery
B) esophageal arteries
C) subscapular artery
D) costocervical artery

Question 68

Identify the gland in the figure that produces calcitonin, T3, and T4.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 69

Which hormone is correctly matched to its function?

A) thymosin; regulates serum glucose levels
B) parathyroid hormone; increases the blood plasma calcium ion concentration
C) T3 and T4; stimulate the bone marrow to produce red blood cells
D) erythropoietin; prepares the uterus for gestation of an embryo
E) mineralcorticoids; stimulate maturation and maintenance of the male sex organs

Question 70

The right subclavian artery and the left common carotid artery branch off from which vessel?

A) internal maxillary artery
B) right common carotid artery
C) brachiocephalic artery
D) internal mammary artery

Question 71

Which blood vessel supplies blood to the deep muscles of the neck and shoulder and to the first two costal interspaces?

A) intercostal artery
B) costocervical artery
C) subscapular artery
D) long thoracic artery
E) ventral thoracic artery

Question 72

Which type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A) arteries
B) veins
C) capillaries

Question 73

As the axillary artery enters the forelimb, it becomes the ________.

A) brachial artery
B) costocervical artery
C) femoral artery
D) radial artery
E) ulnar artery

Question 74

Which blood vessels supplies blood to the pericardium, mediastinum, and the diaphragm?

A) vertebral artery
B) internal mammary artery
C) ventral thoracic artery
D) internal maxillary artery

Question 75

The celiac trunk divides into three branches. Which one of these vessels is NOT a branch of the celiac trunk?

A) superior mesenteric artery
B) hepatic artery
C) left gastric artery
D) splenic artery

Question 76

Identify the pancreas in the following figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 77

As the aorta extends posteriorly beyond the diaphragm, it is called the ________.

A) aortic arch
B) thoracic aorta
C) abdominal aorta

Question 78

Blood leaving the right ventricle enters which blood vessel?

A) pulmonary trunk
B) aorta
C) coronary artery
D) precava
E) pulmonary vein

Question 79

The celiac trunk branches off the ________.

A) abdominal aorta
B) aortic arch
C) thoracic aorta
D) hepatic artery
E) left gastric artery

Question 80

Identify the aortic arch in the figure.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D