Deck 21: Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

High blood levels of LDL-cholesterol increase the risk of heart disease.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Primary or essential hypertension, accounting for approximately 45-55% of people, is hereditary.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A nonspecific marker of inflammation associated with cardiovascular disease is

A)C-reactive protein (CRP).
B)LDL-cholesterol.
C)hypertension.
D)HDL-cholesterol.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What lifestyle changes can a person take to improve his or her blood lipid profile?

A)lower intake of saturated fat and trans fat
B)decrease intake of soluble fiber
C)maintain lower-than-normal body weight
D)decrease amount of physical activity

Question 5

You would be diagnosed with true hypertension if your systolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg or your diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to

A)90 mm Hg.
B)120 mm Hg.
C)140 mm Hg.
D)160 mm Hg.

Question 6

What is the leading cause of death in the United States?

A)cancer
B)heart disease
C)diabetes
D)infection

Question 7

The production of endogenous very-low-density-lipoproteins (VLDL) is decreased by

A)exercise.
B)simple sugars.
C)extra calories.
D)dietary cholesterol.

Question 8

Hypertension is a disease in which arterial walls accumulate deposits of lipids and scar tissue that impairs blood flow.

Question 9

Minimizing your intake of unsaturated fatty acids as much as possible will lower your risk of heart disease.

Question 10

Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats and increasing physical activity are associated with increased HDL-cholesterol levels.

Question 11

Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

A)age
B)gender
C)being overweight
D)family history

Question 12

Which of the following recommendations have been shown to improve blood lipid levels and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease?

A)maintaining fat intake to within 20-35% of total energy
B)increasing saturated fat to more than 7% of total energy
C)decreasing intake of dietary omega-3 fatty acids from cold-water fish, nuts, and canola oil
D)consuming 200 μg/day of folate from supplements

Question 13

Research indicates eating a diet low in sodium and high in fruits and vegetables has no effect on blood pressure or risk for heart attack and stroke.

Question 14

Diabetes decreases an individual's risk for developing heart disease.

Question 15

A desirable total blood cholesterol level, associated with a reduced risk for cardiovascular disease, is less than

A)40 mg/dl.
B)100 mg/dl.
C)200 mg/dl.
D)300 mg/dl.

Question 16

High blood levels of HDL-cholesterol is associated with a low risk for coronary artery disease.

Question 17

Hypertension contributes to both coronary heart disease and stroke.

Question 18

An optimal systolic blood pressure reading would be less than

A)60 mm Hg.
B)80 mm Hg.
C)120 mm Hg.
D)200 mg.

Question 19

Hypertension is often a sign of underlying atherosclerosis.

Question 20

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recommends a reduction in dietary sodium intake to how many mg per day?

A)less than 200
B)less than 2,400
C)less than 3,300
D)less than 3,600