Question 1

Neuman identifies ___________ client variables.&#10;A) Three&#10;B) Six&#10;C) Five&#10;D) Nine

Accepted Answer

Five

Question 2

Neuman defines the client's usual state of wellness as:&#10;A) The flexible line of defense&#10;B) The normal line of defense&#10;C) The stressor defense line&#10;D) The accordion defense line

Accepted Answer

Neuman defines the normal line of defense as the client's usual state of wellness, which is the optimal level of stability and health. The flexible line of defense represents a range of responses to stressors, the stressor defense line is the line that separates the normal state from the state of illness, and the accordion defense line represents the client's potential to expand or contract their level of wellness.

Question 3

Neuman calls the process whereby energy moves toward evolution as a system absorbs energy to increase its organization, complexity, and development when it moves toward a steady or wellness state:&#10;A) Negentropy.&#10;B) Hypertrophy.&#10;C) Entropy.&#10;D) Dynatrophy.

Accepted Answer

Neuman's description accurately aligns with the concept of negentropy, which refers to the process of energy being used to increase organization and complexity within a system. This can be observed in the natural world as systems become more complex and adaptive over time, evolving towards a state of wellness or optimum functioning. Options B, C, and D do not accurately describe this process.

Question 4

Neuman's system suggests that __________________ is/are activated after the normal line of defense is penetrated by stressors.&#10;A) The flexible line of defense&#10;B) The accordion line of defense&#10;C) Client resistance factors&#10;D) Lines of resistance

Accepted Answer

According to Neuman's system, the lines of resistance are activated after the normal line of defense is penetrated by stressors. The flexible line of defense and accordion line of defense are both part of the normal line of defense, while client resistance factors are internal resources that help to strengthen the lines of defense. Therefore, the best choice is D, lines of resistance.

Question 5

_______________ penetrate(s) the lines of defense to cause illness.&#10;A) Stressors&#10;B) Lines of Resistance&#10;C) Negentropy&#10;D) Pathogens

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ penetrate(s) the lines of defense to...

Question 6

Neuman defined ________ broadly as &#34;all internal and external factors or influences surrounding the identified client or client system.&#10;A) Ecosystem&#10;B) Environment&#10;C) Wellness&#10;D) Nursing

Accepted Answer

Neuman defined environment as "all internal and external factors or influences surrounding the identified client or client system." Though ecosystems and wellness may be components of the environment, they are not the term that Neuman used to define this concept. Nursing is not the correct answer because it is a profession that provides care to clients and is not a defining concept in Neuman's theory.

Question 7

Neuman's theory includes an accordion-like mechanism that protects the normal line of defense. This mechanism is called:&#10;A) The accordion line of defense&#10;B) The defense line buffer&#10;C) The flexible line of defense&#10;D) The stressor defense line

Accepted Answer

Neuman's theory includes a flexible line of defense, which acts like an accordion and can expand or contract to protect the normal line of defense. This allows for adaptation to changing stressors and helps to maintain stability and health. The other answer choices are not accurate descriptions of the mechanism in Neuman's theory.

Question 8

Neuman calls the process whereby energy moves toward extinction by gradual disorganization, increasing randomness, and energy dissipation:&#10;A) Negentropy.&#10;B) Hypertrophy.&#10;C) Entropy.&#10;D) Dynatrophy.

Accepted Answer

Neuman refers to the process of increasing randomness, disorganization, and energy dissipation as entropy.

Question 9

Neuman states that the _________ variable is on a continuum of development that penetrates all other client system variables and supports the client's optimal wellness.&#10;A) Physiological&#10;B) Psychological&#10;C) Developmental&#10;D) Spiritual

Accepted Answer

According to Neuman's Systems Model of nursing, the spiritual variable is on a continuum of development that penetrates all other client system variables and supports the client's optimal wellness. Therefore, option D, spiritual, is the best choice.

Question 10

The ______________________ offers a protective coping shield that helps the client to function and stimulate the client's health.&#10;A) Created environment&#10;B) Spiritual variable&#10;C) Extrapersonal environment&#10;D) Physiological variable

Accepted Answer

The created environment refers to the therapeutic milieu or physical surroundings that are designed to provide comfort, safety, and security to the client. This environment offers a protective coping shield and promotes the client's health and wellbeing. It includes factors such as lighting, noise level, temperature, and degree of privacy, which all contribute to the client's overall experience in the healthcare setting.

Deck 11: Betty Neumans Systems Model