Deck 6: Biomedical Science

Question 1

The opposite charged ends of a magnet are its:

A) apertures
B) filaments
C) gaps
D) poles

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The clarity of a computer monitor screen image is its:

A) resignation
B) resistance
C) resolution
D) resonance

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the term for the small graphic symbols displayed on a monitor screen that represent computer files or programs that a user "clicks" on to open?

A) avatar
B) byte
C) drive
D) icon

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What term for legal right of an author or photographer over the reproduction of original work?

A) branding
B) copyright
C) domain
D) trademark

Question 5

Which of the following is an Internet address within a document or e-mail that is bolded or underlined and will open a Web page when it is clicked on?

A) attachment
B) hyperlink
C) icon
D) pixel

Question 6

What term is used to describe the transferring of files and documents to a compact disc (CD)?

A) burning
B) etching
C) flashing
D) surfing

Question 7

The original instrument developed in the 1920s that used heat on wounds to accelerate blood clotting was the precursor of which piece of standard OR equipment?

A) central processing unit
B) electrosurgical unit (ESU)
C) extracorporeal circulation machine
D) ground circuit interrupter outlet

Question 8

What is the term for the process of starting up when a computer is initially turned on?

A) bolding
B) booting
C) burning
D) browsing

Question 9

What is the term for a single alternating current cycle?

A) ampere
B) hertz
C) volt
D) watt

Question 10

Google, Yahoo, and Bing are popular:

A) computer processing units
B) Internet service providers
C) Internet search engines
D) word-processing programs

Question 11

Which of the following terms related to electricity defines electrical potential (electrical charge)?

A) amperes
B) current
C) volts
D) watts

Question 12

What is the name of the device that has right and left buttons and a roller, and may be a wired or wireless part of a computer used to point and click to items on the monitor?

A) keyboard
B) mouse
C) processor
D) scanner

Question 13

Specialized equipment in the OR, such as portable x-ray units or laser generators, may require which type of wall outlet that can handle the increased load necessary to power the equipment?

A) compressed air
B) nitrous oxide
C) 110 V
D) 220 V

Question 14

Electricity is dependent upon the free flow of which subatomic particles?

A) electrons
B) neutrons
C) protons
D) quarks

Question 15

How much memory does a computer with a gigabyte (GB) capacity hold?

A) 1,000 bytes
B) 1,000 kilobytes
C) 1,000 megabytes
D) 1 trillion bytes

Question 16

The electromagnetic waves that create radio and television signals are measured in wave cycles per second termed:

A) frequency
B) resistance
C) voltage
D) wattage

Question 17

All of the following are components of a three-prong electrical plug EXCEPT:

A) current convertor
B) ground pin
C) negative (neutral)
D) positive (hot)

Question 18

What is the name of the visual indicator represented by an arrow, blinking line, or hand that appears when the mouse is used to point to something on the screen?

A) character
B) checker
C) clicker
D) cursor

Question 19

What term describes an item that enhances or allows for the flow of alternating or direct electrical current?

A) conductor
B) insulator
C) neutralizer
D) transmitter

Question 20

What is the term for the object in an electrical circuit (e.g., surgical light or ESU) that receives and can modify the amount of power from the source?

A) conductor
B) field
C) load
D) terminal

Question 21

Laser wavelengths determine the color and invisibility of the beam and are categorized from their place along the:

A) Bell curve
B) table of natural elements
C) electromagnetic spectrum
D) universal nomenclature

Question 22

Which of the following lasers falls into the invisible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, is absorbed by cellular fluid, and is not dependent on tissue color?

A) argon
B) CO2
C) Ho:YAG
D) Nd:YAG

Question 23

Ebonized or other specially coated instruments should be used when which surgical device is being used in a narrow space?

A) argon beam coagulator
B) CO2 laser hand piece
C) electrosurgical pencil
D) ultrasonic scalpel

Question 24

Which of the following is a safety mechanism engineered into the ESU that alerts the surgical team that the device is being activated?

A) audible tone
B) flashing light on pencil
C) smoke from generator
D) vibration of electrodes

Question 25

What is the term for the precision of a laser beam and is based on the area exposed, the time activated, and the power setting?

A) amplification
B) coherence
C) collimation
D) fluence

Question 26

Resonant frequency capacitive coupling and dielectric breakdown are examples of:

A) computer program malfunctions
B) electrosurgery burns to personnel
C) laser energy tissue effects
D) robotic operation modes

Question 27

Solids, gases, liquids, and semiconductor crystals are types of:

A) chemical coagulants
B) electrical conductors
C) robotic power sources
D) surgical laser media

Question 28

In a laser generator, what is found at both ends that allows for the amplification and stimulated emission of laser light?

A) LED lightbulbs
B) magnetic poles
C) mirror reflectors
D) wire filaments

Question 29

Which of the following terms is defined as the number of ways that a robotic manipulator can move?

A) degrees of freedom
B) resolution
C) sensitivity
D) telepresence

Question 30

All of the following are examples of tissue interaction with laser light energy EXCEPT:

A) absorption
B) contraction
C) reflection
D) transmission

Question 31

Which of the following modes or settings of the electrosurgical unit (ESU) would NOT require use of a patient return electrode (ground pad)?

A) bipolar
B) blended
C) coagulation
D) cutting

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a type of ESU tip?

A) ball
B) loop
C) needle
D) trocar

Question 33

Which generation of robots does NOT have any degree of artificial intelligence (AI) and requires consistent oversight?

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 34

All of the following represent a complete AC electrical circuit EXCEPT:
A) C battery → C battery → wire → flashlight bulb
B) ESU generator → bipolar cord → one prong of bipolar forceps → tissue → other prong of bipolar forceps → bipolar cord → ESU generator
C) positive (hot) wire → negative (neutral) wire → ground source
D) wall plug → ESU generator → active electrode pencil → tissues → patient ground pad → ESU generator → wall plug

Question 35

Which type of gas is used to enhance the effectiveness of the electrosurgical unit active electrode pencil?

A) argon
B) CO2
C) helium
D) nitrous oxide

Question 36

What is the property of the gel portion of the patient return electrode (ground pad) that completes the ESU circuit?

A) conductivity
B) impedance
C) insulated
D) resistance

Question 37

To prevent inadvertent activation of the ESU resulting in possible ignition of draping materials, the pencil should be placed in which of the following when NOT in use?

A) instrument holster
B) kidney basin
C) rigid holster
D) trocar cannula

Question 38

Which of the following would MOST likely be the cause of a patient burn from alternate exit pathway of ESU current?

A) fingernail bed under the pulse oximeter
B) placement site of electrocardiogram (ECG) leads
C) skin over a bony prominence such as the scapula
D) soles of the feet under the sequential pulsing pads

Question 39

Which of the following terms is defined as the extent to which a machine, microscope, human, or robot can differentiate between two objects?

A) binaural hearing
B) degrees of rotation
C) resolution
D) telechir

Question 40

When using a bayonet bipolar forceps:

A) argon gas may be used to enhance the cutting mode
B) one side of the forceps collects and returns the current to the generator
C) the dispersive patient return electrode returns the current back to the generator
D) the surgeon chooses the blended current mode to reduce the thermal damage to adjacent tissue

Question 41

A patient return electrode (ground pad) may be repositioned to another site if the gel is still "sticky."

Question 42

Cartesian coordinate geometry uses the system of graphing mathematical functions and moves the robotic manipulators along the x, y, and z axes.

Question 43

The bipolar mode of the ESU can be used only to cut tissue.

Question 44

What is the term for the developing technology of performing a surgical procedure in real time but from a distant location?

A) Cartesian coordinate geometry
B) expert systems
C) revolute geometry
D) telesurgery

Question 45

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Source of direct current with opposite positive and negative terminals

Question 46

Which of the following laser beams cannot transmit through clear fluid or glass?

A) argon
B) CO2
C) krypton
D) Nd:YAG

Question 47

What is the name of the inert gas beam used with invisible light lasers to provide visual aiming to target tissue?

A) argon-neon
B) argon-helium
C) helium-neon
D) helium-krypton

Question 48

What is the name of the complex robotic operating system created and marketed by Intuitive Surgical?

A) Aesop
B) Columbus
C) da Vinci
D) Magellan

Question 49

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
The round, third prong of a three-prong plug, which captures excess leakage current to prevent shocks

Question 50

Which laser unit has articulated joints with mirrors at the bend points and requires that care must be taken not to disrupt the alignment of those mirrors during transport, because that could result in an unpredictable beam trajectory?

A) argon
B) CO2
C) krypton
D) Nd:YAG

Question 51

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Current that requires a wall outlet and reverses direction periodically

Question 52

Which type of laser uses gases that are toxic and potentially fatal, and therefore rarely used in the OR setting?

A) argon
B) CO2
C) excimer
D) krypton

Question 53

The patient return electrode for a patient undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy would MOST likely be placed:

A) on the anterior thigh
B) under the buttocks
C) on the anterior left chest
D) around the right upper arm

Question 54

The acronym laser stands for light application by special electromagnetic radiation.

Question 55

Which term describes the right and left (side-to-side) movements of a robotic manipulator that has 3-D capability?

A) axis
B) pitch
C) roll
D) yaw

Question 56

Robotic manipulators are not sterilized, but are covered with disposable drapes for surgical procedures.

Question 57

During routine robotic surgery procedures, where is the surgeon?

A) sitting on the contralateral side of the OR table from the surgical site
B) standing on the operative side of the OR table
C) sitting at the robotic console separate from the OR table
D) standing between the patient's legs, which are in low-lithotomy stirrups

Question 58

Which type of laser has a wavelength that creates a bright blue-green visible light within a plasma tube?

A) argon
B) CO2
C) Ho:YAG
D) Nd:YAG

Question 59

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
The component of electricity that causes a conductor to glow or heat up

Question 60

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
The rate at which work is done; measured in watts

Question 61

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Sends computer information over phone or cable lines or satellite systems

Question 62

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Accessory device that converts printed text or graphics into digital format

Question 63

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Gigantic international network of millions of computer servers that in turn serve thousands of individual computers each

Question 64

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 65

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
The subatomic particles that orbit in shells around a nucleus and are responsible for creating electrical current

Question 66

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Programs that operate a computer system; includes Internet access and word processing

Question 67

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Materials such as plastic, glass, wood, rubber that inhibit the flow of electrons

Question 68

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Components of a computer: CPU, monitor, and memory storage

Question 69

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Style of letters chosen in a word-processing program to create a document

Question 70

Match each term below with its description.
a.Internet
b.Modern
c.Electrons
d.Alternating
e.Font
f.Insulator
g.Resistance
h.Software
i.Power
j.Ground
k.Port
l.Matter
m.Battery
n.Hardware
o.Scanner
Attachment points for computer components: keyboard, speakers, printer