Deck 11: Pharmacology of Alterations in the Cardiovascular System

Question 1

A client has a heart rate of 42 beats per minute. Which part of the conduction pathway is most likely responsible for this rate?
1) Atrioventricular (AV) node
2) Internodal pathway
3) Sinoatrial (SA) node
4) Purkinje fibres

Answer 1

1

Question 2

Body cells require oxygen-rich blood for aerobic metabolism. Which organ exchanges carbon dioxide for oxygen in the blood?
1) The lungs
2) The parathyroid glands
3) The bronchioles
4) The kidneys

Answer 2

1

Question 3

The nurse educator is describing the major structures of the cardiovascular system to a group of nursing students. How many major components will the educator teach the students about during the lecture?
1) One
2) Two
3) Three
4) Four

Answer 3

3

Question 4

A leukopenic client is placed in a private room, and visitors are limited. Why are these precautions taken for this client?
1) To keep the client in isolation
2) To protect visitors from infectious respiratory particles
3) To allow for undisturbed rest
4) To protect the client from potential infection

Question 5

A cardiovascular nurse is orienting a new nurse to the unit. The new nurse questions the steps of the normal cardiac conduction system. The senior nurse explains that action potentials in the myocardium follow which sequence?
1) Sinoatrial (SA) node, internodal pathway, atrioventricular (AV) node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibres
2) Internodal pathway, sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, and Purkinje fibres
3) Atrioventricular (AV) node, sinoatrial (SA) node, bundle of His, and internodal pathway
4) Purkinje fibres, bundle of His, atrioventricular (AV) node, internodal pathway, and sinoatrial (SA) node

Question 6

A client diagnosed with angina asks the nurse why she experiences chest pain while walking up stairs. The nurse explains that which item has likely occurred in this client?
1) Narrowing of the coronary arteries
2) Addisonian crisis
3) An infection of the floor of the mouth
4) A buildup of lactic acid in the calves

Question 7

Which vitamin is essential in the process of coagulation?
1) Vitamin A
2) Vitamin K
3) Vitamin C
4) Vitamin D

Question 8

A group of nursing students is discussing the components of blood. What does a student identify as being the formed components of blood? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Erythrocytes
2) Leukocytes
3) Platelets
4) Erythropoietin
5) Hemoglobin

Question 9

After an acute myocardial infarction of the left ventricle, a client has irreversible cellular necrosis of the myocardium. Which nursing diagnosis would be considered the highest priority for the nurse planning care?
1) Activity Intolerance
2) Infection, Risk for
3) Breathing Pattern, Ineffective
4) Cardiac Output, Decreased

Question 10

The nurse educator is describing the structure and function of the myocardium to a group of students working with cardiac clients. What does the nurse educator say is most likely to occur if the myocardium is deprived of oxygen?
1) Sinus rhythm
2) Decreased urine output
3) Hepatosplenomegaly
4) Heart failure

Question 11

A client having a stress test exhibits an increased heart rate and stronger cardiac contraction but no chest pain. What is occurring to this client's coronary arteries?
1) Constriction
2) Dilation
3) Vasospasm
4) No change is occurring.

Question 12

During morning rounds, the nurse is told one of her clients will need a platelet transfusion. Which of the following actions of the nurse are appropriate to maintain patient safety?
1) Restrict visitors until after the transfusion.
2) Place isolation personal protective devices(PPD) outside the room.
3) Move client to a single room for isolation.
4) Remove shaving supplies including razors from room.

Question 13

A client suffers a myocardial infarction of the right atrium. The nurse notices that the client is in an irregular heart rhythm. From this information, the nurse infers there is a disturbance at which site on the conduction pathway?
1) Internodal pathway
2) Sinoatrial (SA) node
3) Atrioventricular (AV) node
4) Bundle of His

Question 14

A nurse educator is teaching a group of students about the functions of the cardiovascular system. The educator asks the students to identify the functions of the cardiovascular system. Which responses by the students indicate understanding of the content? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Transport of nutrients and wastes
2) Storage of blood
3) Regulation of blood pressure
4) Regulation of acid-base balance
5) Regulation of fluid balance

Question 15

After a stressful event, a client's blood pressure and heart rate rise. Which system is most likely responsible for this physiologic change?
1) The respiratory system
2) The parasympathetic nervous system
3) The acid-base buffer system
4) The autonomic nervous system

Question 16

A client asks the nurse which blood vessels supply blood to the heart muscle. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "The jugular veins."
2) "The carotid arteries."
3) "The coronary arteries."
4) "The saphenous veins."

Question 17

A client with cirrhosis is due to have a liver biopsy performed. What will the monitor this client for at the bedside following the procedure?
1) Dyspnea
2) Fever
3) Bleeding
4) Airway obstruction

Question 18

A client with iron-deficiency anemia has a low hemoglobin level. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Constipation, Risk for
2) Nutrition, Imbalanced: Less than Body Requirements
3) Tissue Perfusion: Peripheral, Risk for Ineffective
4) Knowledge, Deficient, related to anemia

Question 19

A client is in acute renal failure. During this period, the client's red blood cell count might drop. What deficiency might be responsible for this?
1) Renin
2) Angiotensin
3) Erythropoietin
4) Aldosterone

Question 20

A nurse educator is discussing what happens when cardiac cells die. Which consequences of cardiac cell death will be included in her discussion? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Fibrotic scar tissue formation
2) Impaired cardiac function
3) Extensive branching
4) Impaired cardiac contraction
5) Left ventricular hypertrophy

Question 21

Which items are recognized by chemoreceptors in the large vessels as a regulatory mechanism of blood pressure? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Pressure
2) Oxygen
3) Carbon dioxide
4) pH
5) Water

Question 22

The nurse educator is teaching a group of students about factors that regulate arterial blood pressure. Which answers by the students indicate understanding of the content taught?
1) Cardiac output, afterload and heart rate
2) Cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and blood volume
3) Cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
4) Cardiac output, preload and heart rate

Question 23

The nurse is teaching a client about reducing the risk for coronary artery disease. Which elevated laboratory value is most directly associated with atherosclerosis?
1) Total cholesterol
2) Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
3) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
4) High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 24

The nurse is evaluating a client's response to teaching about managing dyslipidemia. Which statement by this client indicates that additional teaching is needed?
1) "I will read labels carefully so my daily cholesterol intake is no more than 200 mg."
2) "I will include several servings of soybeans in what I eat each week."
3) "I will switch to using olive oil for cooking."
4) "I will decrease my intake of both cholesterol and saturated fat."

Question 25

A nurse is reading a client's medical record and notes that the client's cardiac output (CO) is listed as 5 L/min. Which calculation was used to determine the CO?
1) Heart rate (beats/min) / stroke volume (ml/beat).
2) Systolic blood pressure × heart rate (beats/min).
3) Systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure.
4) Stroke volume (ml/beat) × heart rate (beats/min).

Question 26

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that will cause constriction of the arteries.Which vital sign parameter will be monitored most closely after administration of this medication?
1) Respiratory rate
2) Blood pressure
3) Temperature
4) Pulse rate

Question 27

What goal would the nurse set in planning care for a client attempting to control cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels?
1) Limit cholesterol intake to less than 200 mg daily.
2) Limit saturated fat intake to less than 15% of total calories.
3) Limit dietary fat to less than 50% of total calories.
4) Increase plant sterol intake to 1-2 grams daily.

Question 28

A nurse administers an IV antihypertensive medication, causing an immediate reduction in blood pressure. The baroreceptors respond by attempting to return blood pressure back to normal by accelerating the heart rate. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this phenomenon?
1) Reflex tachycardia
2) Ventricular tachycardia
3) Re-entry tachycardia
4) Supraventricular tachycardia

Question 29

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication known to increase preload. Which is the expected outcome for this client?
1) A reduced stroke volume
2) An increase in cardiac output
3) Decreased venous return to the heart
4) Increased resistance against the left ventricle

Question 30

A client recently diagnosed with hypertension asks the nurse, "What did it mean when the doctor told me I have peripheral resistance?" Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "The friction that the blood encounters in the arteries is called peripheral resistance."
2) "The resistance in the veins of your arms and legs is called peripheral resistance."
3) "It is the resistance on the heart by the pulmonary artery."
4) "It is the ability of the smooth muscles in the veins to relax after exercise."

Question 31

A client has severe atherosclerosis and hypertension. Which statement about cardiac output will be true?
1) Afterload will be low.
2) Cardiac output will be unaffected.
3) Cardiac output will be low.
4) Preload will be high.

Question 32

Which hormones play a role in regulating blood pressure? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Thyroid
2) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3) Calcitonin
4) Renin
5) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Question 33

The vasomotor centre of the brain raises or lowers blood pressure based on information from which items?
1) Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors
2) Anterior and posterior pituitary
3) Adrenal medulla and adrenal cortex
4) Medulla oblongata and chemoreceptor trigger zone

Question 34

The nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed medication to manage HDL cholesterol. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been understood?
1) "Treatment of HDL cholesterol will also decrease my LDL cholesterol level."
2) "Treatment of HDL cholesterol will also raise my LDL cholesterol level."
3) "If I can increase my HDL level, I will be less likely to have a heart attack."
4) "If I can decrease my HDL level, I will be less likely to have a heart attack."

Question 35

Which of the following conditions may be responsible for an elevation in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)?
1) Diabetes mellitus
2) Renal insufficiency
3) Iron-deficiency anemia
4) Hyperthyroidism

Question 36

The nurse is teaching a client with a lipid disorder about dietary modifications to manage the condition. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the rationale underlying a recommendation to increase the intake of plant sterols?
1) "I will eat oatmeal or cold oat cereal for breakfast every morning."
2) "I will try to increase the amount of lettuce I eat."
3) "I will snack on toasted pumpkin seeds."
4) "If I eat spinach and other green vegetables, I can stop taking my cholesterol-lowering medicine."

Question 37

The nurse asks a group of nursing students to name examples of positive inotropic agents. Which answers by the students indicate understanding of the content? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Epinephrine
2) Norepinephrine
3) Dopamine
4) Quinidine
5) Propranolol

Question 38

A dehydrated client quickly receives a litre of intravenous fluid infusion to increase circulating blood volume. The nurse would expect which changes in the client's vital signs?
1) A decrease in respiratory rate from 20 breaths/min to 12 breaths/min
2) A blood pressure decrease from 180/100 to 90/60
3) A pulse increase from 75 beats/min to 120 beats per minute
4) A blood pressure increase from 90/60 to 120/78

Question 39

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease. When examining the results of laboratory tests, which findings does the nurse note are consistent with this diagnosis?
1) Decreased total serum cholesterol and LDL, and elevated HDL
2) Elevated total serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL
3) Elevated total serum cholesterol and LDL, and decreased HDL
4) Decreased total serum cholesterol, LDL, and HDL

Question 40

A client with an exacerbation of heart failure is experiencing fluid volume overload. The nurse understands that which regulator of blood pressure will most likely be secreted during this exacerbation?
1) Renin
2) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
3) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
4) Aldosterone

Question 41

Which is a goal of antianginal therapy?
1) Increase blood flow to the peripheral blood vessels.
2) Increase myocardial contractility.
3) Increase the oxygen consumption of the heart.
4) Reduce the frequency of angina episodes.

Question 42

Which statement indicates that a client understands teaching about atorvastatin (Lipitor)?
1) "I should always take this drug on an empty stomach."
2) "I should stop taking this drug if I decide to try to become pregnant."
3) "I might have to increase my dose of digoxin."
4) "I should take this drug with breakfast."

Question 43

The nurse educator is teaching a group of students about HMG-CoA Reductase medications. At the end of the lesson she asks the students to identify drugs in this class. What is the most accurate response of the students?
1) Lipitor
2) Lescol
3) Questran
4) Mevacor
5) Colestid

Question 44

MCSA Which of the following classifications of antihyperlipidemics act by decreasing levels of VLDL
1) Bile Acid-Binding Agents 2 Statins
3 Nicotinic Acid
4) Fibric Acid Agents

Question 45

The nurse is preparing to discharge a client from a medical-surgical unit. The client is going home on niacin therapy to decrease blood cholesterol levels. In educating the client on medication safety, which adverse effects should the client report to the health care provider? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Nausea
2) Vomiting
3) Stomach pain
4) Joint pain
5) Jaundice

Question 46

Niacin and aspirin have been prescribed for a client diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. Which statement regarding why this drug combination is prescribed is the most accurate?
1) "A common side effect of niacin therapy is joint pain."
2) "Taking niacin and aspirin together increases the therapeutic effect of niacin."
3) "Aspirin can decrease discomfort associated with niacin therapy."
4) "Severe headaches are common during the early weeks of niacin therapy."

Question 47

The nurse is teaching a client regarding therapeutic lifestyle changes that can be implemented to control cholesterol levels in the blood. Which statements made by the client indicate an appropriate understanding of the teaching session? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) "I will maintain an optimal weight."
2) "I will implement a medically supervised exercise plan."
3) "I will increase intake of dietary saturated fats and cholesterol."
4) " I will decrease soluble fibre in my diet."
5) "I will eliminate tobacco use."

Question 48

The nurse is caring for a client taking both gemfibrozil (Lopid) and warfarin (Coumadin). To maintain safety relative to the interaction of these drugs, the nurse should monitor the client closely for which clinical manifestation?
1) Myolysis
2) Clot formation
3) Bleeding
4) Hyperlipidemia

Question 49

A nurse on a med-surg unit is reviewing different classifications of medications used to decrease blood cholesterol levels with a new nurse on the floor. What does the new nurse correctly identify as fibric acid agents? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Lipidil
2) Zocor
3) Lopid
4) Colestid
5) Crestor

Question 50

The nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving drug therapy for a lipid disorder. What outcomes depict that the client is experiencing the therapeutic effects of the medication? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Lowered total cholesterol
2) Lowered LDL
3) Increased HDL
4) Elevated liver enzymes
5) Decreased BUN and creatinine

Question 51

A client taking gemfibrozil (Lopid) and rosuvastatin (Crestor) reports muscle and joint pain. What does the nurse recognize as the significance of these symptoms?
1) Hepatic injury
2) Peripheral neuropathy
3) Myopathy
4) An inflammatory response

Question 52

The nurse is assigned to care for a client who is prescribed cholestyramine (Questran). To maintain safety for this client relative to potential effects of this drug, the nurse should monitor which laboratory test?
1) Serum glucose
2) Serum transaminases
3) Neutrophil count
4) Serum potassium level

Question 53

A client is being discharged after a hospital admission for chest pain with a multidrug regimen that includes a new prescription for cholestyramine (Questran). What should the nurse include in discharge teaching about this drug?
1) "You must carefully follow instructions for mixing this drug with liquid."
2) "If you experience bloating or constipation, you should stop taking this drug."
3) "We will monitor your kidney function while you are taking this drug."
4) "Do not take vitamin supplements while taking cholestyramine."

Question 54

The nurse is reviewing the adverse effects associated with statins with a client who is prescribed this classification of medication to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The nurse knows the client has understood the teaching when the client states which serious adverse effects are associated with statins? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Headache
2) Abdominal pain
3) Myopathy
4) Muscle or joint pain
5) Rhabdomyolysis

Question 55

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who has been placed on oral cholestyramine for management of a lipid disorder. Which statement by this client indicates the need for further teaching about this drug?
1) "I should take my warfarin at least 1 hour before I take my cholestyramine."
2) "Before I take this medicine, I should mix it in 2 ounces of water, then add another 2-4 ounces before I swallow it."
3) "I should stop taking a daily multivitamin pill."
4) "I should keep all appointments for monitoring my warfarin therapy, since I might need to decrease the dose of this drug."

Question 56

A client who takes Atorvastatin (Lipitor) daily has been prescribed erythromycin for sinusitis. Considering this combination of drugs, which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
1) Lack of expected response to erythromycin.
2) New onset of muscle pain.
3) Abdominal pain and cramping.
4) Bleeding from the oral cavity and bruising.

Question 57

MCSA Nursing students are preparing a peer presentation on drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. What do the students include as the mechanism of action of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors.
1) They act by decreasing VLDL levels
2) They act by increasing the excretion of cholesterol.
3) Blocks the absorption of cholesterol.
4) They inhibit enzymes necessary for the synthesis of cholesterol

Question 58

A nurse is evaluating outcomes of teaching for a client with a new prescription for Atorvastatin (Lipitor). Which response indicates that the client has understood teaching about this drug?
1) "I will avoid taking this drug with meals."
2) "I might need to increase my dose of digoxin while I am taking this drug."
3) "I will stop taking this drug if I am trying to get pregnant."
4) "I should always take this drug right before breakfast."

Question 59

Which statement indicates that a client has understood instructions about cholestyramine?
1) "I will take this drug when I wake up in the morning."
2) "I should take this drug at least 1 hour before taking any other drugs."
3) "I will drink plenty of fluids while I am taking this drug."
4) "I should report to my doctor any increase in swelling of my ankles."

Question 60

A client is being discharged home with a diagnosis of stable angina. What statement by the client indicates an understanding of the cause of angina?
1) "The pain is related to remodeling of the heart muscle caused by narrowed arteries."
2) "The heart is not pumping enough blood out with each beat because of narrowed arteries."
3) "The pain is from a lack of oxygen getting to the heart, which is caused by narrowed arteries."
4) "The pain comes from the heart beating irregularly because of narrowed arteries."

Question 61

MCSA Nursing students are completing an orientation to a cardiac care floor, and are reviewing th actions of several drugs used to treat angina. What statement by a student accurately describes the specific effect that the dilating of smooth muscle of veins has on the client with angina?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply
1) " Myocardial oxygen demand is reduced."
2) " Increases blood flow to ischemic heart tissue."
3) " Cardiac preload is reduced."
4) " Cardiac afterload is reduced."
5) "A negative inotropic effect."

Question 62

The nurse is teaching the client about lifestyle modifications to help manage hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates teaching has been effective?
1) "Lifestyle changes always get blood pressure down to normal levels."
2) "Lifestyle changes are just a way to make you feel like you're doing something."
3) "As long as I take my medications, I don't need to make any lifestyle changes."
4) "I will probably need to change my lifestyle and take medications."

Question 63

The nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse anticipates that the client will be prescribed which medications in order to reduce post-MI mortality? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Aspirin
2) Beta-blockers
3) Narcotic analgesics
4) ACE inhibitors
5) Antidysrhythmics

Question 64

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of uncontrolled hypertension. Which conditions will the nurse include in the teaching session regarding the consequences of uncontrolled hypertension? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Stroke
2) Congestive heart failure
3) Myocardial infarction
4) Depression
5) Hyperbilirubinemia

Question 65

A client prescribed 81 mg of aspirin (ASA) daily following a myocardial infarction (MI) asks the nurse why the baby dose of ASA is prescribed. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "This low dose is effective and causes less GI side effects."
2) "This is all the ASA you need right now."
3) "The lower dose is much more economical, because you will need to take this throughout your life."
4) "High doses of ASA do not prevent recurrences of an MI."

Question 66

MCSA A student nurse is about to administer Cardizem to her client. She tells her instructor that she is preparing a teaching plan for the client about this drug. Which of the following information does she include in her plan?
1) Do not drive while taking this medication
2) Notify your physician if you experience increased weight or edema.
3) Do not take Echinacea with this drug.
4) Notify physician of any abnormal bleeding

Question 67

Nitroglycerine relieves angina in part by vasodilation. What is the ultimate effect for a client who is prescribed nitroglycerin?
1) Increasing cardiac output
2) Increasing coronary artery perfusion
3) Increasing the heart rate
4) Decreasing cardiac output

Question 68

The nurse is preparing to administer a calcium channel blocker to a client experiencing angina. Which mechanism of action makes this medication appropriate for this client?
1) It increases preload.
2) It has a positive inotropic effect.
3) It decreases afterload.
4) It has a positive chronotropic effect.

Question 69

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hypertension about lifestyle modifications. The nurse determines that teaching has been effective when the client makes which statement?
1) "My father had hypertension, did nothing, and lived to be 90 years old."
2) "I won't be able to run the marathon anymore."
3) "I need to get started on my medications right away."
4) "I know I need to give up my cigarettes and reduce my alcohol intake."

Question 70

The nurse is caring for a client who is being admitted to the emergency department with severe chest pain. The health care provider has ordered a nitroglycerin drip. What is an essential question the nurse should ask this client before initiating this treatment?
1) " Have you had any major surgery in the last 10 days?"
2) "Have you used any drugs for erectile dysfunction over the last 2 days?"
3) "Have you used any street drugs in the last week?"
4) "Are you being treated for depression with MAO inhibitors?"

Question 71

The client recently diagnosed with hypertension presents with the following assessment data: weight, 91 kg; height, 160cm; diet, mostly starches; alcohol intake, three beers/week; stressors, works 60 hours/week. In planning care with this client, what is the priority outcome?
1) The client will eliminate alcohol from the diet.
2) The client will decrease stress by limiting work to 40 hours/week.
3) The client will achieve and maintain optimum weight.
4) The client will balance diet according to the food pyramid.

Question 72

Which assessment finding in the client receiving a thrombolytic drug indicates a serious problem that should be reported to the health care provider immediately?
1) Excessive bleeding
2) Hypertension
3) Bradycardia
4) Prolonged prothrombin time

Question 73

The health care provider asks the nurse to monitor a client with hypertension for signs of kidney damage. Which clinical manifestation would indicate kidney damage?
1) Urine output of 30 mL/hr
2) Proteinuria
3) Dysuria
4) Estimated glomerular filtration rate of 105

Question 74

The nurse is providing care to a client recently diagnosed with hypertension. The client's sustained blood pressure is 144/90 mmHg and expressed concern about possible effects on the body. When educating this client, which conditions affected by hypertension are appropriate to discuss? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Stroke
2) Kidney damage
3) Heart failure
4) Blindness
5) Liver failure

Question 75

The nurse is preparing to administer a beta-adreneric blocker to a client with angina. A student nurse asks the nurse what effect the medication has for clients with angina. Which mechanism of action with the nurse include in the response to the student?
1) Positive chronotropic effect
2) Antidysrhythmic effect
3) Positive inotropic effect
4) Negative inotropic effect

Question 76

MCMA A client is evaluated in the emergency room for thrombolytic therapy following a stroke. When completing a thorough health history, what does the nurse learn that precludes this client from receiving thrombolytics?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply
1) History of renal carcinoma 5 years ago
2) Cholelithiasis
3) History of hypertension
4) Liver biopsy 2 days ago

Question 77

The nurse is reviewing the health history for a client who may be a candidate for thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of an MI. The nurse knows that therapy is contraindicated in which circumstances? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Menses
2) A history of intracranial hemorrhage
3) Hemophilia
4) Liver disease
5) Peptic ulcer disease

Question 78

A client diagnosed with myocardial infarction is prescribed thrombolytic therapy. What does the nurse explain to the client is the purpose of this drug?
1) Prevent clot formation
2) Dissolve clots
3) Provide immediate relief of chest pain
4) Prevent platelet aggregation

Question 79

The nurse is educating a client whose blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg on ways to lower blood pressure. Which lifestyle choices may eliminate the need for pharmacotherapy in this client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1) Increasing intake of wine
2) Restricting salt intake
3) Increasing intake of red meat
4) Increasing activity
5) Stopping smoking

Question 80

A client is resistant to taking antihypertensive medication, and asks why it is needed. He states, "I feel fine." Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?
1) "You're right; we can delay it until symptoms arise.."
2) "The medications can prevent worsening of the hypertension."
3) "If the hypertension is severe, symptoms could arise."
4) "The medications can prevent complications from hypertension."