Jonas is a veteran of the war in Iraq. He suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At present, he is back home in a quiet California neighborhood, and jumps when he hears a firecracker or a car backfire. In the terminology of classical conditioning, these sounds are most likely to be referred to as ________ stimuli.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The sounds of firecrackers and car backfires have become associated with the highly stressful and traumatic experiences of war for Jonas, resulting in his conditioned response of jumping. Therefore, these stimuli are referred to as conditioned stimuli in classical conditioning terminology.

Jonas Is a Veteran of the War in Iraq