In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a phenyl substituent on the aromatic ring is ________.

Name: In electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, a phenyl substituent on the aromatic ring is ________.
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The phenyl substituent is an activator due to its electron donating nature (through resonance), and it directs incoming electrophiles to the ortho and para positions (o,p-director) through the interaction of the incoming electrophile with the pi electrons of the phenyl group.

In Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions, a Phenyl Substituent on the Aromatic