What are the two distinct ways of thinking about attachment theory?

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Attachment theory can be viewed as a universal system which explains how humans form close emotional bonds with others, or as a model that accounts for individual differences in attachment styles and how they develop. The first perspective emphasizes the evolutionary function of attachment and similarities across cultures, while the second emphasizes the role of early experiences and personality in shaping attachment patterns.

What Are the Two Distinct Ways of Thinking About Attachment