A finite multiplier is an adjustment factor that should be used when the sample size is small,relative to the population size.

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A finite multiplier is used to adjust for the effect of sampling without replacement when the sample size is small relative to the population size. This adjustment factor is typically less than 1 and is applied to the standard error of the sample mean or proportion to obtain a more accurate estimate of the standard deviation of the population mean or proportion. The finite multiplier depends on the sample size, the population size, and the sampling design, and is larger for smaller sample sizes and larger population sizes.

A Finite Multiplier Is an Adjustment Factor That Should Be