You Are Called to the Scene of a Vehicle Crash

You are called to the scene of a vehicle crash in which a car was rear-ended while stopped at a stop sign. Which of the following laws of physics serves as the basis for analyzing the mechanism of injury and the associated index of suspicion for injuries?

A) The amount of energy transmitted to an object is inversely proportional to its rate of deceleration.
B) Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
C) A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force.
D) A body in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an outside force.