"Tips" Published in Leading Commercial or Financial Publications Are Unlikely

"Tips" published in leading commercial or financial publications are unlikely to lead to profitable trades because

A) only wealthy individuals can buy stocks in the volume necessary to take advantage of tips.
B) whatever is gained by trading on the basis of tips will be taxed away by the government.
C) the news will already be reflected in the market prices of the assets.
D) the news contained in the tips is usually inaccurate.