Question 1

Which is a potential dietary interaction with supplemental estrogen?

Accepted Answer

Grapefruit juice may increase estrogen levels by inhibiting the metabolism of estrogen in the liver, leading to higher levels of estrogen in the body. It is important to avoid consuming large amounts of grapefruit or grapefruit juice when taking supplemental estrogen.

Question 2

What is one indication for the use of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is one indication for the use...

Question 3

What is the current recommendation of the U.S.Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF)regarding the use of hormone replacement therapy?

Accepted Answer

The current recommendation of the USPSTF, as of 2017, is against the routine use of combined estrogen and progestin for the prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal women. This is based on evidence of increased risk for harmful outcomes, such as breast cancer, stroke, and blood clots, outweighing the potential benefits. However, the decision to use hormone therapy should be made on an individual basis after a thorough discussion of risks and benefits with a healthcare provider.

Question 4

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH)causes bone density to increase by its ability to maintain calcium and phosphorus levels as new bone is formed.In which population is this agent not approved for treatment?

Accepted Answer

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH) is approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, men at high risk of fractures, and individuals who have not responded adequately to bisphosphonate therapy. It is not approved for perimenopausal women solely based on a family history of osteoporosis, as the focus is on treating established osteoporosis or significant risk of fractures rather than preventive treatment based on family history alone.

Question 5

For which patient population must a clinician use caution when prescribing estrogen replacement therapy?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen replacement therapy can increase the risk of thromboembolic events, and smoking further elevates this risk. Therefore, caution is advised when prescribing estrogen to smokers.

Question 6

What important patient education point should be discussed with a patient beginning hormone replacement therapy (HRT)?

Accepted Answer

The patient may experience increased pigmentation with HRT, which increases the risk of skin cancer. Therefore, it is important to advise the patient to use sunscreen and wear protective clothing when going outdoors. A is incorrect because a missed dose should not be doubled, as it can cause adverse effects. B is incorrect because smoking increases the risk of adverse effects with HRT, so the patient should be advised to quit smoking. D is incorrect because the frequency of mammograms is determined by age and risk factors, not by HRT.

Question 7

What unique property does calcitonin possess compared with other agents used to treat osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin has been shown to have modest analgesic properties in the setting of acute and chronic vertebral compression fractures. Other agents used to treat osteoporosis, such as bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators, do not possess this unique property. However, calcitonin's effectiveness in treating osteoporosis is debated and it is not considered a first-line treatment option.

Question 8

Women between the ages of 15 and 50 are more susceptible to cardiac arrhythmias than men in the same age group.What is the postulated reason for this?

Accepted Answer

Women in the reproductive age group have been shown to have longer QT intervals on average than men, which increases their susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias such as Torsades de Pointes.

Question 9

Where is calcitonin produced in humans?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin is produced in the thyroid gland in humans.

Question 10

Which of the following agents is available as a nasal spray?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is available as a nasal spray. The other options (raloxifene, alendronate, and parathyroid hormone) are available in other forms such as tablets or injections.

Quiz 20: Drugs Used to Affect Womens Health

Which is a potential dietary interaction with supplemental estrogen?

What is one indication for the use of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) ?

What is the current recommendation of the U.S.Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) regarding the use of hormone replacement therapy?

Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes bone density to increase by its ability to maintain calcium and phosphorus levels as new bone is formed.In which population is this agent not approved for treatment?

For which patient population must a clinician use caution when prescribing estrogen replacement therapy?

What important patient education point should be discussed with a patient beginning hormone replacement therapy (HRT) ?

What unique property does calcitonin possess compared with other agents used to treat osteoporosis?

Women between the ages of 15 and 50 are more susceptible to cardiac arrhythmias than men in the same age group.What is the postulated reason for this?

Where is calcitonin produced in humans?

Which of the following agents is available as a nasal spray?