Posttranslational regulation occurs after a protein has been synthesized, and can occur by

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Both allosteric control and covalent modification are means of regulating a protein after it has been synthesized. Allosteric control involves the binding of a small molecule to a specific site on the protein, which causes a conformational change that either activates or inhibits its activity. Covalent modification involves the addition or removal of chemical groups to specific amino acid residues on the protein, which can also alter its activity. Both of these mechanisms allow for rapid, reversible regulation of protein activity. Feedback inhibition is a form of posttranslational regulation, but is not a mechanism on its own – it involves the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibiting an earlier step in order to regulate the overall rate of the pathway.

Posttranslational Regulation Occurs After a Protein Has Been Synthesized, and Can