Suppose that the United States and Italy both produce wine and shoes. In the United States, wine sells for $10 a bottle and shoes sell for $40 a pair. In Italy, wine sells for 15 euros a bottle and shoes sell for 20 euros a pair. Given this information, trade will flow in both directions if the price of a dollar is between

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To determine the correct exchange rate range for trade to flow in both directions, we compare the relative prices of wine and shoes in both countries. In the US, the price ratio of wine to shoes is $10/$40 = 1/4. In Italy, it's 15 euros/20 euros = 3/4. For trade to be beneficial, the cost of wine relative to shoes in one country must be cheaper than in the other, and vice versa, after accounting for the exchange rate.1. For wine to be cheaper in the US than in Italy, the exchange rate must make $10 less than 15 euros. If $1 = x euros, then 10x < 15, so x < 1.5 euros. This means the exchange rate must be less than 1.5 euros per dollar for US wine to be cheaper.2. For shoes to be cheaper in Italy than in the US, 40 dollars must be more expensive than 20 euros. Using the same exchange rate x, 40 < 20/x, so x > 2. Therefore, the exchange rate must be more than 2 euros per dollar for Italian shoes to be cheaper.However, choice B suggests an exchange rate between .67 and 2 euros, which doesn't directly align with the above analysis. The correct analysis should consider how the exchange rate affects the relative prices directly:- For US wine to be cheaper than Italian wine, we need the price in euros of US wine (10x, where x is the dollar to euro exchange rate) to be less than 15 euros. So, 10x < 15, leading to x < 1.5 euros/dollar.- For Italian shoes to be cheaper than US shoes, we need the price in dollars of Italian shoes (20/x, where x is the dollar to euro exchange rate) to be less than 40 dollars. So, 20/x < 40, leading to x > 0.5 euros/dollar.Given this, the correct analysis should focus on finding a range where US wine is cheaper in Italy and Italian shoes are cheaper in the US, which would encourage trade in both directions. However, the explanation provided does not accurately reflect the choices given, indicating a mistake in the analysis. The correct approach involves finding the exchange rate that makes one country's goods cheaper than the other's and vice versa, but the correct answer should be based on the premise that the exchange rate makes trade beneficial for both goods in both directions, which is best represented by the choice that allows for the price of one country's goods to be competitive in the other country after conversion. Choice B suggests an exchange rate that would allow for this competitive trade, but the explanation provided does not accurately justify this choice based on the initial analysis. The correct justification involves recalculating based on the premise of competitive exchange rates for both products, which was not correctly applied in the initial explanation.

Suppose That the United States and Italy Both Produce Wine