Which of the following tests was empirically derived?

Question

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The MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) was developed using an empirical criterion keying approach, where a large pool of potential test items were administered to different groups, and only those items that differentiated between different groups were retained. This approach ensured that the test items were selected based on their ability to accurately measure the construct of interest, rather than theoretical assumptions or subjective judgments. The other tests listed were developed using different approaches, including factor analysis (Eysenck Personality Inventory), projective techniques (Rorschach inkblot test), and Jungian typology (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator).

Which of the Following Tests Was Empirically Derived