The same people are tested and retested over a period of years in a(n)

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In a longitudinal study, the same group of individuals is followed and retested over time, allowing for changes or trends in variables to be observed and analyzed. Cohort studies may also follow a group of individuals over a period of time, but do not necessarily involve retesting. Predictive studies aim to predict future outcomes and do not involve retesting. Cross-sectional studies involve testing different groups of individuals at one point in time, rather than following the same individuals over time.

The Same People Are Tested and Retested Over a Period