In modern proteomic analysis the amino acid sequence of a protein can be determined by

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Mass spectrometry is a widely used technique for determining the amino acid sequence of a protein in modern proteomic analysis. This technique involves fragmentation of peptides generated from proteolytic digestion of the protein of interest and subsequent analysis of the resulting peptide fragments by mass spectrometry. The mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of each fragment provides information about its molecular weight, and the sequential analysis of multiple fragments can be used to infer the amino acid sequence of the protein. 2D gel electrophoresis and analysis using protein chips with appropriate probes can be used for protein identification and quantification but are not typically used for determining the amino acid sequence of a protein. Determining the nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding a protein can provide information about its amino acid sequence, but this approach is not considered a direct method for protein sequence determination.

In Modern Proteomic Analysis the Amino Acid Sequence of a Protein