The initial stages of dark adaptation (e.g.,the first 5 minutes)are controlled by the cones,while the second or later part of the darkness adaptation curve (e.g.,after 5 minutes)is determined specifically by the functioning of the _____________.

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The functioning of the rods determine the second or later part of the darkness adaptation curve, while the initial stages are controlled by cones. Bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and ganglion cells are not directly involved in dark adaptation, but rather in the process of transmitting visual information to the brain.

The Initial Stages of Dark Adaptation (E