An adoption study examined the heritability of criminal behaviour in boys adopted at a young age.The level of boys' criminality was greatest when __________.

Question

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The study found that boys adopted at a young age were most likely to display criminal behavior when both their biological and adoptive fathers had criminal records. This suggests that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of criminal behavior in these boys. If neither biological nor adoptive fathers had criminal records, it suggests that the boys may not have genetic or environmental risk factors for criminal behavior. If only biological fathers had criminal records, it suggests that genetic factors may play a stronger role than environmental factors. If only adoptive fathers had criminal records, it suggests that environmental factors may play a stronger role than genetic factors.

An Adoption Study Examined the Heritability of Criminal Behaviour in Boys