In the Featured Study on how expectations influence reaction to positive and negative outcomes, one of the independent variables was

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The study investigated how expectations influence reactions to positive and negative outcomes. To manipulate expectations, the researchers told participants they were being tested for a rare gene deficiency. One of the independent variables in the study was the subject's expectations about whether the gene deficiency was common or uncommon among college students. This variable was being manipulated to see how it would affect their emotional reactions to the positive or negative test results.

In the Featured Study on How Expectations Influence Reaction to Positive