The nurse is caring for an immobile patient being treated for diabetes mellitus and a urinary tract infection. What should be included in a plan of care to prevent pressure ulcers in this patient? (Select all that apply.?

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Repositioning the patient at least every 2 hours helps to redistribute pressure and prevent pressure ulcers. Elevating the head of the bed no more than 30 degrees reduces shear and friction, which can contribute to skin breakdown. Applying moisturizer to the skin after bathing helps to keep the skin hydrated and prevents drying and cracking, which can lead to skin breakdown. Ensuring that the skin is dried carefully and completely after washing prevents moisture from accumulating, which can lead to skin maceration and increase the risk of pressure ulcer development. Using a donut-shaped cushion is not recommended as it can actually increase pressure on the tissues it surrounds, and massaging bony prominences can cause damage to fragile capillaries under the skin and should be avoided.

The Nurse Is Caring for an Immobile Patient Being Treated