Transcription factors activate or repress the transcription of specific genes by binding to regions of DNA that interact with the promoter region of a gene.

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Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and control the transcription of genes by either activating or repressing them. They usually interact with the promoter region of a gene and modulate the activity of RNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from DNA. Therefore, by binding to DNA, transcription factors can either enhance or inhibit the production of RNA molecules, which ultimately determines the expression of a gene.

Transcription Factors Activate or Repress the Transcription of Specific Genes