To assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of several distinct abilities,Spearman used

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Spearman used factor analysis to assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of several distinct abilities. Factor analysis is a statistical technique that allows researchers to identify underlying factors (or dimensions) that explain the pattern of correlations within a set of variables. By analyzing the correlation between different tests of intellectual ability, Spearman found that there was a general factor or "g" that underlies all intellectual tasks, but also specific factors that account for individual differences in performance on different tasks. This supported the idea that intelligence is a combination of both a general ability and specific abilities.

To Assess Whether Intelligence Is a Single Trait or a Collection