Psychologists Study Animals for All of the Following Reasons EXCEPT

Psychologists study animals for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

A) to clarify theoretical questions, such as assessing that a male-female difference in lifestyle exists in mammals other than humans.
B) to improve human welfare, for example, investigating the mechanisms underlying memory loss and senility.
C) to discover practical applications of psychological principles without concerns over the treatment of the subjects.
D) to conduct basic research on a particular species, such as studying cooperation among apes.