Judgments are particularly likely to result from top-down processes when people

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Top-down processing involves relying on prior knowledge and experience to interpret new information. When encountering an event that is ambiguous or lacks clear cues, people are more likely to rely on their pre-existing schemas and expectations, leading to judgments based on top-down processes. Choices A, B, and C do not necessarily relate to the likelihood of top-down processing.

Judgments Are Particularly Likely to Result from Top-Down Processes When