Question 1

Which of the following physical characteristics are associated with a "babyface"?

Accepted Answer

"Babyface" is typically characterized by round, chubby cheeks, and large, innocent-looking eyes. These are often accompanied by a small nose, which contributes to the "cute" and youthful appearance. Full lips and prominent cheekbones are not necessarily associated with a "babyface." Large smiles may be a part of a "babyface" but are not its defining characteristic.

Question 2

Brian does not know anything about Sally except that she is very attractive.Based on research by Alice Eagly and her colleagues (1991)and by Alan Feingold (1992),Brian is most likely to make the attribution that Sally is

Accepted Answer

Eagly and her colleagues found that people tend to make the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype, which means that they attribute positive qualities such as sociability and extroversion to attractive people. Feingold found similar results, indicating that people tend to associate attractiveness with positive social qualities. Therefore, based solely on Sally's attractiveness, Brian is most likely to attribute sociable and extroverted traits to her.

Question 3

Extensive research and meta-analysis on cross-cultural perceptions of beauty support which of the following conclusions?

Accepted Answer

Extensive research and meta-analysis on cross-cultural perceptions of beauty suggest that people from disparate cultures generally agree on what is a physically attractive human face. While some slight variations may exist, such as Japanese participants preferring a more rounded female face compared to British participants, overall there is a high degree of cross-cultural consensus on beauty standards. The other answer choices are not supported by the research.

Question 4

Cross-cultural research found that _______ students were likely to associate attractiveness with _______.

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural research has shown that students from various cultures are likely to associate attractiveness with friendliness. This suggests a universal perception that being friendly or approachable enhances one's attractiveness to others.

Question 5

Mark Snyder and his colleagues (1977)provided men with photographs of either attractive women or unattractive women and told the men that their conversation partner was the woman in the photograph.They found that men who believed they were talking with an attractive woman _______ than men who thought they were talking with an unattractive woman.

Accepted Answer

The study found that men who believed they were talking with an attractive woman behaved in a warmer way than men who thought they were talking with an unattractive woman. This suggests that the men felt more positively towards the attractive woman and were more friendly and welcoming in their behavior.

Question 6

Research examining cultural differences in the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype has found that

Accepted Answer

Research has found that in both collectivist and individualistic cultures, people tend to assume that physically attractive people possess culturally-valued personality characteristics, supporting the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype. However, there may be some cultural differences in the specific personality traits that are associated with physical attractiveness. For example, in collectivist cultures, warmth and morality may be more highly valued traits, whereas in individualistic cultures, competence and assertiveness may be more highly valued.

Question 7

In cross-cultural research using American,Canadian,and Korean students,which of the following traits did all participants associate with physical attractiveness?

Accepted Answer

Social skills were universally associated with physical attractiveness across the cultures studied, indicating a common perception that attractive individuals are more socially adept.

Question 8

Before a getting-acquainted conversation,why would Mark Snyder and his colleagues (1977)provide some men with a photograph of an attractive woman and other men with a photograph of an unattractive woman?

Accepted Answer

The researchers aimed to activate men's stereotypes about attractive women to study how these stereotypes influenced their behavior and perceptions during the conversation.

Question 9

Judith Langlois and Lori Roggman (1990)reviewed the literature on standards of beauty across cultures and they found that the attractiveness ratings among participants of all different races and ethnicities ranged from .66 to .93.These relatively large positive correlations suggest that

Accepted Answer

The large positive correlations indicate that people across different cultures can agree on what is attractive, suggesting that standards of beauty are consistent across cultures.

Question 10

Recent research on the components of attractiveness has looked beyond the face to other aspects of the human body.All of the following are discussed in the text as related to attractiveness EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The length of the ear lobe is not discussed as a factor related to attractiveness in the text.

Question 11

Mark Snyder and his colleagues (1977)provided men with photographs of either attractive women or unattractive women and told the men that their conversation partner was the woman in the photograph.They found that when independent raters evaluated the women's side of the conversation,women who were believed to be attractive actually behaved in more confident,animated,and warm manner than women who were believed to be unattractive.These results demonstrate that the _______ might explain why there is a kernel of truth to the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype.

Accepted Answer

The self-fulfilling prophecy refers to how a person's expectation can influence their behavior towards someone, causing that person's behavior to match the expectation in question. In this case, the men were told that they would be conversing with either an attractive or unattractive woman, and their behavior towards the woman likely reflected this expectation. As a result, the women's behavior in the conversation matched the men's expectation, leading them to behave more confidently, animatedly, and warmly. Therefore, the self-fulfilling prophecy can explain the kernel of truth in the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype, as people's expectations of attractive individuals can influence how they behave and lead to them exhibiting positive behaviors that match the stereotype.

Question 12

Which of the following variables best represents the power of individual attributes as antecedents to interpersonal attraction?

Accepted Answer

Physical attractiveness is a well-established antecedent to interpersonal attraction and has been found to have a strong impact on initial attraction levels. Studies have consistently shown that people rate physically attractive individuals as more likeable, intelligent, and competent than unattractive individuals.

Question 13

In all likelihood,there is a kernel of truth to the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype; that is,attractive people are often more warm and socially skilled than less attractive people.According to the authors,this is probably because

Accepted Answer

The authors suggest that attractive people may be treated differently than unattractive people, which could lead to them developing more warm and socially skilled personalities. This could also explain why the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype exists in the first place.

Question 14

Which of the following variables best represents the power of situational factors as antecedents to interpersonal attraction?

Accepted Answer

Propinquity refers to the physical proximity or nearness between people. Situational factors such as physical proximity, frequency of interaction, and shared experiences can increase the likelihood of interpersonal attraction. Therefore, propinquity is the variable that best represents the power of situational factors as antecedents to interpersonal attraction.

Question 15

J.T.does not know anything about Tiffany except that she is very attractive.Based on research by Alice Eagly and her colleagues (1991)and by Alan Feingold (1992),J.T.is least likely to make the attribution that Tiffany is

Accepted Answer

Eagly and colleagues and Feingold found that physical attractiveness is not strongly associated with personality traits such as honesty, extroversion, or sociability. However, they did find a small association between physical attractiveness and happiness, as well as popularity. Therefore, J.T. is least likely to make the attribution that Tiffany is honest.

Question 16

According to research conducted by Michael Cunningham and his colleagues (1986,1995),there is overlap in what men and women find attractive in the opposite sex.For example,both men and women find _______ attractive.

Accepted Answer

According to Cunningham's research, both men and women find large eyes and prominent cheekbones attractive in the opposite sex.

Question 17

Jeremy is about to go on a blind date set up by his friend Justin.Justin gave Jeremy a picture of Carol,his potential date,and she is very attractive.Jeremy is about to call Carol to make arrangements for the date and to get to know her a little better.Which of the following is most likely to occur,according to the experiment by Mark Snyder,Elizabeth Decker Tanke,and Ellen Berscheid (1977)?

Accepted Answer

The experiment by Snyder, Tanke, and Berscheid demonstrated the self-fulfilling prophecy effect, where men who believed they were talking to an attractive woman rated her as more sociable and confident, and independent judges also rated the woman as more attractive and confident based on the conversation.

Question 18

In research by Wheeler and Kim (1997)Koreans associated "beautiful" with integrity and concern for others,North Americans associated "beautiful" with personal strength.These differences suggest that

Accepted Answer

The research suggests that there are cultural differences in stereotypes about beauty, with North Americans valuing personal strength while Koreans value integrity and concern for others. This is consistent with the idea that individualistic versus collectivistic values shape stereotypes about beauty. Therefore, option D is the best choice. Options A and E are incorrect because the research does not suggest that physical beauty is more or less important in collectivistic cultures. Option B is incorrect because the research does not pertain to the power of stereotypes. Option C is also incorrect because it contradicts the findings of the study, which suggest that there are cultural differences in stereotypes about beauty.

Question 19

Actually,physical beauty confers only limited advantages.For example,Alice Eagly and her colleagues (1991)have found that people are most likely to associate physical attractiveness with

Accepted Answer

According to Alice Eagly and her colleagues, people are most likely to associate physical attractiveness with social competence, not integrity, intelligence, self-esteem, or trustworthiness. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 20

Susan Andersen and Sandra Bem (1981)conducted a variation of the getting-acquainted telephone study by Mark Snyder,Elizabeth Decker Tanke,and Ellen Berscheid (1977).Andersen and Bem provided attractive and unattractive photos of men to women,who interacted with men at the other end of a telephone.When the women thought that the men with whom they were speaking with were the men in the photos,

Accepted Answer

This choice suggests that the results of Andersen and Bem's study were similar to previous studies in which men were provided with photos of women. This implies that the self-fulfilling prophecy may have occurred, as it did in those studies, in which participants' expectations influenced their behavior and ultimately the outcomes of the interactions. The other answer choices are not supported or implied by the information given in the passage.

Quiz 9: Interpersonal Attraction

Which of the following physical characteristics are associated with a "babyface"?

Brian does not know anything about Sally except that she is very attractive.Based on research by Alice Eagly and her colleagues (1991) and by Alan Feingold (1992) ,Brian is most likely to make the attribution that Sally is

Extensive research and meta-analysis on cross-cultural perceptions of beauty support which of the following conclusions?

Cross-cultural research found that _ students were likely to associate attractiveness with _.

Research examining cultural differences in the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype has found that

In cross-cultural research using American,Canadian,and Korean students,which of the following traits did all participants associate with physical attractiveness?

Before a getting-acquainted conversation,why would Mark Snyder and his colleagues (1977) provide some men with a photograph of an attractive woman and other men with a photograph of an unattractive woman?

Judith Langlois and Lori Roggman (1990) reviewed the literature on standards of beauty across cultures and they found that the attractiveness ratings among participants of all different races and ethnicities ranged from .66 to .93.These relatively large positive correlations suggest that

Recent research on the components of attractiveness has looked beyond the face to other aspects of the human body.All of the following are discussed in the text as related to attractiveness EXCEPT

Which of the following variables best represents the power of individual attributes as antecedents to interpersonal attraction?

In all likelihood,there is a kernel of truth to the "what is beautiful is good" stereotype; that is,attractive people are often more warm and socially skilled than less attractive people.According to the authors,this is probably because

Which of the following variables best represents the power of situational factors as antecedents to interpersonal attraction?

J.T.does not know anything about Tiffany except that she is very attractive.Based on research by Alice Eagly and her colleagues (1991) and by Alan Feingold (1992) ,J.T.is least likely to make the attribution that Tiffany is

According to research conducted by Michael Cunningham and his colleagues (1986,1995) ,there is overlap in what men and women find attractive in the opposite sex.For example,both men and women find _______ attractive.

In research by Wheeler and Kim (1997) Koreans associated "beautiful" with integrity and concern for others,North Americans associated "beautiful" with personal strength.These differences suggest that

Actually,physical beauty confers only limited advantages.For example,Alice Eagly and her colleagues (1991) have found that people are most likely to associate physical attractiveness with