Williams and colleagues (2001, 2002) investigated whether relating to others is a basic need. The results of their studies show that

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The study conducted by Williams and colleagues (2001, 2002) showed that feeling left out can have negative effects on how people feel about themselves, suggesting that relating to others is a basic need. There was no indication in the studies that feeling left out increases one's desire to perform better on standardized tests or that it has negative effects on how people feel about others.

Williams and Colleagues (2001, 2002) Investigated Whether Relating to Others