A researcher conducts a study in which men and women are asked to rate their level of self-esteem with reference to both appearance and intellectual ability.The researcher predicts that there will be differences between men and women on these variables.This study is best characterized as:

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This study is a quasi-experiment because the researcher is manipulating the independent variable (gender) but cannot randomly assign participants to groups. Therefore, the study cannot be classified as a true experiment. Additionally, the researcher is measuring self-esteem for appearance and intellectual ability, which are dependent variables. Finally, the researcher predicts gender differences, meaning there is a clear hypothesis being tested, which further supports the classification as a quasi-experiment.

A Researcher Conducts a Study in Which Men and Women