When participants are assigned to experimental conditions in such a way that they each have the same chance of being in any given condition,this is called:

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Random assignment is the process of assigning participants to experimental conditions in a way that ensures that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to any given condition. This helps to control for participant differences and increases the likelihood that any observed differences between groups are due to the manipulation of the independent variable, rather than preexisting differences between participants.

When Participants Are Assigned to Experimental Conditions in Such a Way