In the medical microbiology laboratory, the ability of a gram-negative bacterium to ferment this sugar is the first step in its identification.

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Lactose fermentation is a key test in the identification of gram-negative bacteria, particularly in differentiating members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, where lactose fermenters and non-fermenters are distinguished.

In the Medical Microbiology Laboratory, the Ability of a Gram-Negative