Marketers Respond to Charges of High Advertising and Promotion Costs

Marketers respond to charges of high advertising and promotion costs that unnecessarily increase retail prices by arguing all of the following factors EXCEPT which one?

A) Advertising and promotion make consumers feel wealthy.
B) Advertising and promotion make consumers feel attractive.
C) Advertising and promotion adds quality to the product.
D) Advertising and promotion adds value by informing potential buyers of the availability and merits of a brand.
E) Advertising and promotion is necessary for a firm to match competitors' efforts.